A new system for anatomical guidance in ultrasound helps novice users locate the correct views more reliably during trauma examinations. The system combines a predictive anatomical model with real-time imaging and mixed-reality guidance to aid probe placement and movement.
Researchers discovered that immune cells in adipose tissue require the enzyme ACC1 to maintain metabolic health, but its inhibition leads to metabolic impairment and inflammation. The study provides new insights into the complex relationship between obesity, immune cells, and metabolic health.
Researchers found that centromeres, a region essential for cell division, retain their function despite rapid and extensive mutations. The DNA sequences underlying centromeres evolve rapidly, yet their basic function is highly conserved, giving rise to the 'centromere paradox'.
Scientists found that the gene ZMYND8 drives T-cell exhaustion, revealing a new strategy to improve anti-tumor and anti-viral immune responses. Removing ZMYND8 improves anti-tumor and anti-viral responses on its own, and shows potential synergy in combination with immunotherapy.
A systematic review of mobile phone use during pregnancy and fetal outcomes found that prolonged or intensive use was associated with a range of adverse outcomes, particularly cardiovascular abnormalities and shorter gestational duration. The evidence also suggests possible biological mechanisms through which mobile phone use could con...
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center have discovered a structural weakness in extrachromosomal DNA, a type of rogue DNA found in aggressive cancers, which can be targeted therapeutically. Blocking a single repair protein, polymerase theta, causes the DNA to fall apart, suggesting a new approach to treating cancer.
A new study from Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health found that stable employment in midlife is associated with better cognitive health in later life, while employment instability, early retirement, and dropping out of the labor force are linked to poorer cognitive outcomes. Men experience lower cognitive scores and gre...
The editorial highlights the gap between prioritization and mechanism in brain multi-omics research, emphasizing the need for functional testing and harmonized metadata to establish biological meaning and clinical relevance. It proposes three complementary strategies: dynamic comparisons, joint measurements, and targeted perturbation e...
A UCF researcher and her team used AI to screen existing FDA-approved drugs for potential treatments of schwannoma tumors in children with Neurofibromatosis type 2. The research identified 10 promising candidates, with the most favorable targets stopping tumor cell growth by impacting different cellular mechanisms.
Researchers analyzed the Texas All-Payer Claims Database to track Long COVID diagnoses across populations and variant periods. They found that Long COVID diagnoses followed waves of acute COVID-19 infection, with older adults and women having higher rates, and higher rates in rural counties.
A groundbreaking study from the University of St Andrews has combined the largest combined bat genome and fossil study, finding that bats most likely originated in Europe around 65 million years ago. The team also revealed that echolocation and flight evolved near the dawn of bat evolution.
A study by the University of Barcelona found that higher progesterone levels during the menstrual cycle can blur brain activity related to emotion regulation, leading to a lower mood. The research suggests personalized approaches to assessing and treating hormone-related mood disorders, such as premenstrual dysphoria.
Researchers identified a protein-degradation mechanism that contributes to the development of inherited CPVT, a disease that affects children and young people. The study suggests that inhibiting calpain, an enzyme involved in protein degradation, may restore normal heart function and reduce arrhythmias.
Researchers develop a robust approach for identifying chemical hazards using in vitro bioassays, mapping 266 Adverse Outcome Pathways to proposed tests for cancer, reproductive disorders, and more. The approach enables systematic identification of exposures to hazardous chemicals in everyday products.
A recent study mapped the regulatory changes that shaped human skeletal evolution, identifying a marked reduction in cartilage-maintaining molecules. This shift may have contributed to distinctive features of the human skeleton and the increased prevalence of osteoarthritis in humans.
Nearly half of US workers experience stress and anxiety, but those with high psychological capital are better prepared to cope. Organizations can help build psychological capital to improve employee engagement and retention.
Researchers found that AS01 adjuvant induces trained immunity in human monocytes and reduces tumor growth in selected mouse cancer models. The treatment also alters the tumor microenvironment, increasing frequencies of immune cells and reducing tumor-associated macrophages.
Research by Yang and Liu found that even minimal significance can have an effect on motivation, especially in children, and can combat nihilistic views. This is true for activities such as saving artwork or creating shapes, where the process and outcome are both valued.
Scientists tracked brain activity of schooling glassfish to uncover how animals detect social partners' actions, allowing groups to escape danger. The study found that social behavior is crucial for coordinated escape, with groups responding more effectively to threats than individual fish.
Researchers propose an error-state extended Kalman filtering method for state estimation in flexible cable-net recovery systems. The method directly employs multibody integrators for one-step state prediction, improving stability and accuracy, and achieving real-time operational capability.
Scientists have reconstructed the evolutionary history of bats, providing evidence that they most likely originated in Europe during the late Palaeocene period. The study analysed 103 bat genomes and 44 fossil bats, revealing that bats first evolved in Europe and then spread to Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Australia.
A study by University College London found that human impacts increase the risk of emerging infectious disease outbreaks, particularly in areas with fragmented ecosystems and climate change. The researchers identified a clear 'anthropogenic fingerprint' on the global geography of emerging infectious diseases, with factors driving outbr...
A study found that adding intravenous tenecteplase before thrombectomy in patients with moderate to severe basilar artery occlusion did not improve functional outcomes. The addition of tenecteplase before thrombectomy did not result in improved functional outcomes compared to thrombectomy alone.
Defering bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy beyond age 50 increases risk of ovarian cancer in BRCA carriers. The residual risk of ovarian cancer for older women in good health is considered high enough to warrant preventive surgery.
Researchers identified shared and disease-specific molecular changes in human brain tissue, contributing to neurodegeneration, psychiatric illness, and cognitive decline. The collection establishes a foundational resource for understanding brain disorders, accelerating discovery and therapy development.
A cross-sectional study found that structural brain volumes are associated with delay discounting, a key component of impulsive decision-making, in college-aged adults. The multilayer perceptron model provided an accurate estimate of delay discounting, shedding light on the neural basis of impulsive behavior.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital discovered a receptor-free means of signal transduction, identifying a potentially more effective therapeutic target for treating autoimmune diseases. This new method suggests alternative pathways for cell-to-cell communication, which may lead to the development of new therapeutic treatments.
A preliminary study led by UC San Francisco found that reducing ultra-processed food intake significantly improved symptoms of depression and anxiety in participants, who reduced their intake by over 85%.
Researchers at the Centre for Quantum Technologies and National University of Singapore have developed an atomic clock with lutetium, achieving record-breaking accuracy. The clock's precision is due to the element's stable properties, allowing it to withstand environmental changes and maintain its accuracy even in extreme conditions.
A new study by UC Berkeley researchers suggests that hyperreactive astrocytes are a primary driver of childhood epilepsy, particularly in the inherited disorder tuberous sclerosis complex. The findings highlight possible therapies to reduce inflammation and alleviate seizures, challenging the traditional view that neurons are the sole ...
A Yale-led study reveals that farmers in the Mississippi River Basin are storing more carbon dioxide in the soil than they are emitting when adding limestone to their fields, a practice known as 'liming'. This finding has major implications for agricultural soil management and suggests that enhanced weathering may deserve renewed atten...
Researchers created a detailed atlas of lipids across the mouse brain, showing a precise, orderly pattern that lines up with the brain's anatomy. The study found distinct territories, each with its own signature mix of lipids, and revealed patterns that earlier methods have missed, such as varied zones in the brain's white matter and c...
Recent advances in engineered mitochondrial delivery aim to improve stability, efficiency, and precision of mitochondrial transplantation. Four strategies have been proposed, including surface-engineering, cell-mediated delivery, vesicle-encapsulation, and cell-type-specific targeting.
The study provides unprecedented genomic resources for licorice, revealing key genes for medicinal metabolite biosynthesis and desert stress adaptation. The GiPHL1-Gi4CL5 regulatory module is identified as a major determinant of licochalcone A accumulation and drought tolerance in licorice species.
The study establishes a bidirectional trust framework for AI and blockchain interactions, addressing key issues like identity, permission, and intent-based execution. The framework identifies unfinished standards and security questions, highlighting the need for further research to ensure secure and autonomous systems.
Virtual reality may help patients with cancer experience less pain and anxiety in the short term, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis. The research found that VR was associated with reduced pain and anxiety in patients, with effects being more consistent among pediatric patients.
Researchers from the University of Bristol found that sheep grazing in spring can remove vital nectar for bumblebees, while honey bee hives have a modest impact on wild pollinators. Managing livestock and habitat types can support wild pollinator communities.
A new framework enables high-precision physical construction and autonomous inference to determine global optimum for high-power fiber lasers. The framework incorporates high-fidelity coupled physical models and physics-interpretable optimization strategies to overcome challenges in power scaling and beam quality.
Researchers propose a transfer path design method from cislunar orbits to retrograde geosynchronous orbits, revealing four transfer types and optimizing fuel consumption. Simulation results show that three-impulse solutions can achieve low-energy transfers within 8 days, with minimum fuel consumption below 1.5 km/s.
A new framework IDEAI organizes embodied AI around explicit intent, combining perception, knowledge, planning, action and values. It provides a structured commitment that can be inspected, revised and verified, guiding action and ensuring safety.
Researchers develop PHICS framework to integrate physics-causal modeling and Pareto optimization for inverse design of composites. This enables high-throughput evaluations and high-precision inverse parameter inversion of optimal microstructural parameters, leading to breakthroughs in thermal management materials.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki identified five brain profiles for depression, revealing distinct patterns of brain activity and connectivity. The study suggests that depression is not a biologically similar disease for everyone, and individualized treatment may be key to more effective care.
The GRACE survey will observe 420 hours of galaxy spectra across 10 times the moon's size, providing unprecedented data on galaxy properties and evolution. Researchers aim to create a 3D map of the universe, shedding light on how cosmic 'neighborhoods' shape galaxy appearance.
Researchers tracked 1,000 children's BMI growth from 1 to 8 years, finding distinct patterns linked to higher cardiometabolic risk, including persistent obesity and late-onset obesity. The study suggests that early childhood growth patterns are crucial for identifying children at risk of later cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Researchers have identified a trait shared by broader-spectrum phages that allows them to target multiple bacterial strains. The discovery could lead to the development of more effective phage therapies, making them more accessible to patients with drug-resistant infections.
A new NIH-funded center, co-led by UT San Antonio School of Dentistry, aims to accelerate evidence-based dental care by exploring pulpotomy as an alternative to root canal procedures. The center will develop, implement, and evaluate a national training platform to improve clinical practice.
Energy Transfer and Sunoco have donated $2.2 million to support pediatric cancer research at UT MD Anderson, marking the highest-ever gift amount from their annual employee campaign. Since 2014, the company's employee fundraising efforts have resulted in over $20 million donated to the institution.
This study found that patients with more severe baseline liver fibrosis achieved higher rates of HBeAg clearance and substantial improvements in non-invasive fibrosis indices. Baseline liver fibrosis severity is a key independent factor in predicting treatment response to Peg-IFNα plus NAs in HBeAg-positive CHB patients.
A study using fruit flies found that shielding them from the Earth's magnetic field altered mitochondrial function, lifespan, and physical performance. The effects depended on the health of the flies' mitochondria, with healthy flies showing improved movement and healthy Pink1 flies living longer.
Dr. Michael Twardowski, Ph.D., an internationally recognized expert in optical oceanography, has been named Edwin A. Link Ocean Technology and Defense Endowed Professor at FAU Harbor Branch. He will focus on developing innovative ocean-sensing technologies for marine science and national defense.
In the Arctic's Chukchi Sea, ocean currents accelerate the sinking of carbon-carrying phytoplankton, with blooms under sea ice up to 10 times denser than in open water. This phenomenon helps explain the formation of benthic biomass and supports marine life in the region.
The American College of Lifestyle Medicine (ACLM) has developed a new framework to standardize lifestyle medicine data collection across healthcare systems. The framework outlines a consistent approach to capturing information on lifestyle behaviors, clinical outcomes, interventions, and patient experiences. By standardizing data colle...
Toddlers learn words from overheard speech, not just directed talk, and this impacts language development. Children with larger vocabularies learn words from overheard speech earlier and more easily, creating a virtuous cycle that grows their vocabulary further.
A new, incisionless liver cancer treatment called histotripsy was associated with low rates of laboratory toxicity and procedural complications in a real-world review of 972 patients. However, the study found that 11% of patients died within 30 days, suggesting that advanced cancer and overall disease burden may be contributing factors.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that dietary interventions can significantly alter outcomes in Hirschsprung disease, suggesting previously unknown mechanisms to improve care for children. The study discovered that a standard diet can induce microscopic and cellular changes in the colons of animal models, leadin...
A study found that cannabis lowered some stress measures, such as cortisol levels, but others remained unaffected or increased. Subjective reports of participants showed a strong correlation with reduced stress, but physiological indicators like heart rate and heart rate variability were less affected.
Dr. Katherine Tuttle's pioneering work has transformed the treatment of chronic kidney disease, reducing risks of kidney failure and cardiovascular events. Her research has established SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists as breakthrough therapies for CKD and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.
The IVM-KIDS project aims to address the evidence gap for ivermectin use in children under 15 kg, a population excluded from parasite control programs due to lack of safety evidence. The four-year initiative will conduct clinical research to determine the safety and efficacy of ivermectin in this age group.
Researchers tested DIY Corsi-Rosenthal Boxes in university classes, showing a 61% reduction in particulate matter and minimal fan noise disruption. The low-cost, affordable alternative to commercial portable air purifiers can improve indoor air quality without disrupting the learning environment.
A new study by Silent Spring Institute identified hundreds of chemicals in pesticide products that may increase breast cancer risk, including inert ingredients that evade safety testing. The study highlights a regulatory blind spot and calls for stronger oversight of pesticide formulations.