Andi Jilling is leading two USDA-funded projects to identify threats to healthy soil and protect it for farms and consumers. Her research focuses on understanding how to manage soils to support climate-resilient ecosystems, with a particular emphasis on the impacts of climate change on soil carbon and nutrient availability.
Fanghui Shi, a new faculty member at the Arnold School of Public Health, has been awarded a $2.2 million NIH grant to study patterns of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and predict who is at risk for HIV infection. Her research aims to develop practical guidelines for healthcare providers to improve HIV prevention and care.
A SUNY Cortland faculty member is part of a research team exploring how young children engage with AI and addressing equity challenges in early childhood education. The project aims to create a four-year research agenda focused on sustainable solutions that can scale nationally.
Researchers propose using white-light lidar to measure ocean remote-sensing reflectance without sunlight, overcoming limitations of passive ocean-color observations. Simulations show high accuracy with MAPE below 10% across various platform altitudes and receiver FOVs.
Researchers have developed a technology that combines aminoglycoside antibiotics with PKZ18 analogs, resulting in up to an 8-fold increase in efficacy and reduced risk of microbial resistance. This synergy enables targeting of bacteria in various environments, expanding the therapeutic window.
This DNA nanoswitch technology detects RNases using a simple mix-and-read methodology, offering a cost-effective solution for biological samples. The nanoswitch changes shape in response to RNase presence, making it a useful tool for RNase-sensing applications.
A new multiplexing scheme enables deterministic light-sharing PET modules with improved power efficiency and data efficiency. The scheme reads out timestamps at the ASIC level, reducing power consumption without sacrificing coincidence time resolution.
A new method for extracting hydrogen from hydrogen-methane blends has been developed, enabling fast, convenient separation and long-term storage of hydrogen without loss or degradation. The technology utilizes a low-cost metal hydride material and can separate hydrogen from a methane blend at low temperature and pressure.
Researchers at Stony Brook University have developed a graphene oxide-based dew point meter that detects humidity levels and temperature variations. This cost-effective hygrometer platform replaces traditional dew point sensors, enabling precise humidity measurement.
Research found that hungry scent detection dogs are more likely to falsely identify the wrong scent, with accuracy dropping significantly when hungry. This highlights the importance of feeding strategies in scent detection work and suggests that hunger can affect dogs' ability to distinguish between target and non-target scents.
Researchers from NIMTE developed a coumarin-linked covalent organic framework (COF) that enables high-efficiency photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production. The COF achieved a hydrogen evolution rate of 531 mmol g-1 h-1 under 440 nm irradiation.
Researchers have characterized the structural and functional properties of the emerging SARS-CoV-2 sublineage RE.2.2, which displays enhanced binding to human ACE2 receptor and a novel N-linked glycosylation site. The study found that RE.2.2 has a distinct antibody escape profile and a remodeled immune evasion landscape.
Researchers found that high-density planting accelerates stem elongation but delays structural reinforcement, leading to weaker stems and reduced mechanical strength. Optimizing gibberellin dynamics can improve yield and strength under high-density conditions.
Researchers at Heriot-Watt University have successfully converted salty whey, a by-product of cheese production, into bioethanol, a widely used fuel. The process has the potential to reduce costs associated with dairy waste management and create new value from a material often difficult to deal with.
Tadpoles of the Japanese common toad exhibit lower kin recognition and social preference for siblings, contrary to previous studies. Social isolation, not kinship, influences association behavior in these amphibians.
Researchers have successfully produced ultrathin sodium niobate sheets using a novel molecular-sieve-assisted method, enabling UV detection, imaging and two-wavelength information encoding. The sheets achieved high responsivity and external quantum efficiency, and demonstrated stable operation over 3,800 cycles.
A Vienna team shapes nanopores in hexagonal boron nitride to control their shape and properties, enabling new applications in filtration, DNA sequencing, and quantum technologies. The team uses electron irradiation and introduces gases to create circular and triangular pores, influenced by chemistry and physics.
Marine microbes play a vital role in ocean health, climate regulation, biodiversity, and the blue bioeconomy. They drive processes including nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, and primary productivity. AMI recommends acknowledging their importance in European ocean policy to ensure a healthy, resilient, and sustainable ocean.
A new survey found that 82% of U.S. adults know the best defense against mosquito-borne diseases is preventing mosquito bites and controlling mosquitoes. However, knowledge about the proper use of insect repellent remains low, with many unsure about the correct application order with sunscreen.
Researchers have successfully reversed magnetization in nanoscale multiferroic materials using electric fields, enabling energy-efficient magnetic memory devices. The study demonstrates a promising approach for next-generation memory technologies with potential for higher-density memory architectures.
A global review found that rising sea levels will negatively impact shorebird habitats and populations, while human infrastructure exacerbates the issue. Researchers urge planners to protect space inland of existing wetlands, remove artificial barriers, and enhance sediment supplies to mitigate the effects of sea-level rise.
A global study of over 700 bacterial genomes found that 87% of the bacteria from dogs and cats belonged to strains identified in humans. The study also revealed high levels of antibiotic resistance, with nearly half of animal-derived samples carrying genes resistant to clinically important antibiotics.
Researchers found that a deep-sea protein, PoXeR, adapts to extreme pressure by forming a trimeric structure, which provides structural stability. The protein's ability to withstand pressure could lead to the development of light-responsive protein materials and improve understanding of how life adapts to deep-sea conditions.
New research suggests that Mercury's surface has shrunk by 10-30% over its history, with geological features such as ridges and scarps indicating the planet's contraction. The findings provide new insights into Mercury's geological evolution and may have implications for our understanding of other rocky worlds like the Moon.
A study by the University of Georgia found that job seekers overcompensate for nervousness during AI interviews, while AI systems struggle to detect exaggerations. Transparency in the hiring process can help candidates be more authentic, according to the researchers.
Professor Peixoto, a pioneering researcher, will shape AMI's strategic direction and champion its mission, providing clear leadership and representation. She aims to translate outstanding microbiological research into solutions and benefits for people and the planet.
A study published in JAMA found that intravenous loberamisal increased the proportion of patients with acute ischemic stroke achieving full functional outcomes at 90 days. The treatment resulted in a higher proportion of patients regaining full functional abilities compared to placebo.
Researchers found a well-preserved feather in a 66-million-year-old dinosaur coprolite, shedding light on why birds survived the mass extinction. The feather's features suggest a middle ground between ancient and modern bird feathers, potentially explaining why one group of birds, Neornithes, survived.
Researchers propose an adaptive dueling double deep Q-network (D3QN) for active defense guidance, addressing partial observability and multi-strategy adversarial conditions. The approach achieves high evasion success rates and robustness under various conditions.
Researchers found that music produced a distinct reorganization of communication between auditory regions and key stress-related areas, including the insula and thalamus. Music was associated with improved positive mood and faster physiological recovery from acute stress.
Researchers have created a recipe for 3D printing houses on Mars using Martian rocks, gelatin, and yeast. The resulting living building material is strong and can be broken down, recycled, and reused, making it a promising solution for low-energy construction and a circular economy on the Red Planet.
The grant will support research on AI tools that can generate interactive narratives effective at engaging K-12 students and improving learning. Researchers will develop self-improving systems, emerging narrative generation technologies, and agency-centered learning approaches.
Cedars-Sinai investigators found that blocking PD-L2 protein reduces aging cells and levels of inflammatory substances, improving health in laboratory mice. Human aging cells produce more PD-L2, and levels increase with age, suggesting a potential target for therapies to remove harmful cells and prevent age-related health problems.
The World Trade Center Health Program has provided critical insights into the health effects of 9/11, revealing the long-term consequences of exposure to toxic substances. The program's data has informed care delivery and clinical understanding of the affected population.
A new study finds that extreme heat events have expanded globally, with some regions experiencing more frequent heat events in spring and fall. This shifts the focus from average temperatures to individual extreme heat events, which are harder on the body when arriving at unexpected times.
A review of legislative approaches to adolescent social media highlights potential benefits and risks, but systematic evidence is limited. Rapid research is needed to assess policy approaches and support child-centered policies.
A new study finds that people with autism spectrum disorder in the US face a 14-year deficit in life expectancy due to excess mortality from various causes. Life expectancy among Medicaid beneficiaries with ASD increased by 1.7 years between 2000-2004 and 2015-2019, but the gap with the general population persisted.
The study confirms the durability of benefit for pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy as a first-line standard-of-care option for recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer. This treatment regimen has been shown to provide a significant advantage over traditional chemotherapy in patients with this type of cancer.
Supercomputer simulations reveal the high-confidence structure of kinesin's neck region, which interacts with the microtubule track to bias stepping trajectory. The study provides a vital foundation for understanding cellular transport, with future studies aiming to refine the structural framework.
A viper's tail looks like a spider to lure birds, but scientists found its inner workings are normal. Researchers used X-ray scans to study the snake's tail, revealing that its vertebrae are typical of most vipers.
Research proposes a developmental roadmap for lunar robots, categorizing them into programmed and intelligent eras, with a focus on 'intelligence + new energy' empowerment. A comprehensive technological framework is established, encompassing key technologies such as environmental perception, autonomous decision-making, and precision ma...
Researchers developed a highly durable electrocatalyst for seawater oxidation using high-entropy selenide materials with integrated dual-protection mechanisms. The catalyst sustained over 1000 hours of stable oxygen evolution with excellent catalytic kinetics and selectivity.
Researchers developed a kinetic method to assemble 2D organic crystals into vertical heterostructures, achieving a high vertical epitaxy yield of over 70%. The resulting structures exhibit tunable light emission due to the unique twist angle and lattice matching between the crystals.
EPFL researchers have developed ultra-thin silicon structures that can rapidly tune their interaction with mid-infrared light, enabling faster communications and more sensitive detectors. The devices achieve record optical performance and can be controlled in real-time using electrical currents or ultrafast laser pulses.
A trial testing out-of-body experiences found no correlation with target identification, but participants unexpectedly described researchers' locations and activities. The unexpected findings may lead to the development of better evaluation methods and potentially support the case for out-of-body remote viewing.
The consortium aims to improve inspection and maintenance tasks using robotics, focusing on corrosion detection and surface maintenance in extreme environments. SwRI will manage the project, leveraging its expertise in manufacturing robotics, mechanical engineering and oil and gas services to deliver pioneering robotic solutions.
Researchers at Binghamton University and Georgia Tech are developing computer models and conducting experiments to understand the behavior of oil-coated bubbles in turbulence. This research could lead to breakthroughs in environmental cleanups, drug delivery, and energy-efficient desalination systems.
The symposium featured various sessions on urology and medical education, covering topics such as AI-based prostate cancer diagnosis and male health. The event also showcased panel discussions on the future of urology and opportunities for global collaborative research.
Emerging evidence suggests that the aging brain microenvironment may shape brain tumor progression, treatment resistance, and cognitive outcomes. The review highlights interconnected processes associated with brain aging, including cellular senescence, neuroinflammation, and altered neural signaling.
A new survey by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) reveals that 100% of cancer centers in the US are experiencing a shortage for at least one anti-cancer agent, with 94% noting a shortage of ifosfamide. The survey also found that 71% of centers are experiencing a shortage of carboplatin, a key chemotherapy used to treat v...
A new study reveals that Mercury's surface is 10-30% smaller than previously thought, with impact debris covering the signs of contraction. Researchers used combined maps of geologic evidence and surface roughness to estimate the planet's contraction, finding a total change of up to 14.5 miles in its diameter.
BioLife has developed a novel oral peptide delivery technology that uses a dissolvable effervescent tablet format to protect peptide medicines during digestion. Preclinical studies have demonstrated measurable systemic semaglutide exposure following oral administration, providing in vivo proof of concept.
Child cancer groups are urging a concerted effort to tackle pediatric sarcomas, a rare and aggressive form of childhood cancer. The groups propose three key priorities to improve collaboration, data sharing, and clinical infrastructure to translate discoveries into effective treatments.
Researchers developed a device called MetaboSense that continuously tracks key indicators of lung health, providing transplant teams with more detailed information than current hourly testing. The technology could help identify more viable donor lungs and potentially rehabilitate organs that might otherwise be rejected.
Researchers developed an AI-based system to detect temperature stress in fish, revealing diverse temperature tolerance among Medaka fish and closely related species. The system accurately predicts the effects of climate change on fish, with implications for conservation and large-scale comparisons among strains and species.
A new framework proposes 'movement span' as a third dimension of aging beyond life span and health span. Movement span is defined as the duration of life during which an individual can move with confidence, responsiveness, and adaptive control.
A Pusan National University study explores how household composition and consumption type influence equivalence scales, suggesting a more nuanced approach to adjusting household income for welfare support. The findings have direct implications for Korea's National Basic Livelihood Security system, with potential applications for policy...
Researchers have identified four distinct thorium-229 sites in calcium fluoride, which affects the nuclear transition and is crucial for future solid-state nuclear clocks. The study provides foundational data for designing compact nuclear clocks, enabling advances in navigation, synchronized communication, and precision measurement.
Leading scientists warn of unaccounted climate feedback loops that could amplify global warming by 20–30% this century, with natural systems amplifying warming-induced emissions. Cutting emissions can reduce these risks and limit the severity of feedbacks.
A UChicago study reveals that when the brain is unsure which information matters, separate visual features get mixed up in the brain, leading to poor performance on tasks. This 'feature interference' affects not only humans but also animals, and may provide insights into cognitive diseases.