Historical carbon emissions from cultivated northern peatlands are estimated to be around 72 billion tons over 850-2010. The study reveals that only about half of the emitted carbon was compensated by natural peatland carbon absorption.
Researchers found that Northern Hemisphere seabirds suffer greater breeding productivity stresses than their Southern Hemisphere counterparts. This suggests the need for hemispheric-scale ocean management and long-term monitoring programs.
Researchers analyzed ancient DNA from 25 humans, revealing that the population dynamics between 40,000-9.5 ka were influenced by Ice Age climatic fluctuations. The study provides evidence for an Asian-specific variant associated with anthropogenic traits.
Researchers analyzed vertical ozone distributions and found deep stratospheric intrusions contributed to large ozone partial pressure in the troposphere. Long-range transport of wildfire smoke from central Russia in 2016 caused ozone pollution over the northern Tibetan Plateau.
Researchers found genetic differences between city and rural great tits, with changes linked to cognition, aggression, and circadian rhythms. These adaptations enabled the birds to cope with urban stressors like noise pollution, lights at night, and air pollution.
A team at the University of Michigan has developed a material that boosts magnetostriction, allowing for more energy-efficient computing devices. The material could lead to significant reductions in electricity requirements and improve magnetic sensors for medical and security devices.
Researchers developed a new type of LED that reduces blue light emission, resulting in a warm white light similar to natural sunlight. The new phosphor compound minimizes the intensity across blue wavelengths, improving sleep quality and reducing eye troubles.
A team of researchers has discovered that Jupiter's polar cap is threaded with both open and closed magnetic field lines, contradicting the long-held assumption of all lines being either open or closed. This finding reveals a complex topology of Jupiter's magnetosphere, raising new questions about its interaction with the solar wind.
Researchers used weather radar to create a forecasting system for nocturnal bird migration in the US, finding that just 10 nights of action can reduce risk by 50% for avian migrants passing over an area. This data enables more 'mindful' approaches to protect migrating birds from threats like light pollution and collisions with structures.
A new USGS study reveals lower reproductive rates and higher movement patterns among piping plovers in the Northern Great Plains, suggesting a higher extinction risk than previously assumed. Habitat quality appears to be key, with better habitats supporting improved reproductive output.
A new study links increased precipitation in Italy to historical accounts of saints' miracles, demonstrating a unique cultural response to climate change. Researchers integrated paleoclimate proxies with historical records, revealing exceptional moisture levels and unusual water miracles in sixth-century texts.
Researchers at the University of Warwick used social media-inspired algorithms to analyze space weather observations and reveal the lifecycle of substorms. The study shows that these substorms manifest as global-scale electrical current systems associated with the aurora, covering most of the Earth's night-side at high latitudes.
Statisticians have calculated the probability of ships becoming beset in ice along the Northern Sea Route, supporting safer maritime transport planning and oil spill prevention. The study's results also benefit authorities regulating maritime traffic by providing a foundation for statutes and legislation.
New research reveals that artificial light at night significantly suppresses courtship activity in fireflies, with bright amber light having the greatest impact on female receptivity. This study highlights the need to minimize outdoor lighting to protect firefly populations.
Researchers found that using amber-colored filters on 'warm white' LED lamps reduces insect attraction to nocturnal lighting in a tropical forest. Insects play crucial roles as pollinators, regulators, decomposers, and food sources; using filtered LEDs can mitigate the negative impacts of ALAN on wildlife.
By 2100, winters are predicted to be shorter than two months and transitional seasons even shorter in the Northern Hemisphere. This shift could exacerbate environmental and health risks such as phenological changes and agricultural disruptions.
The Northern California kelp forest ecosystem has collapsed due to an abrupt loss of a key predator, the sunflower sea star, which was wiped out by sea star wasting disease. The area covered by kelp forests has dropped by over 95%, with only isolated patches remaining.
A new NASA-funded project aims to understand the effects of cities as ecological traps for migrating birds. Researchers will use radar data and community science tools to count up to 1.1 million birds in urban areas, measuring their behavior and impact on populations.
Researchers used LED lights to measure collective brain activities in a group of mice, finding that gamma bursts were reduced during social interactions. The findings suggest a 'social buffering effect,' where being together reduces stress and anxiety.
A University of Colorado Boulder-led study found record melting on Antarctica's northern George VI Ice Shelf during the 2019-2020 summer season. The extreme melt coincided with record-setting stretches when local surface air temperatures were at or above freezing point, posing a threat to ice-shelf break-up and sea-level rise.
Researchers found that young novice drivers who speak into hand-held smartphones while driving are also likely to drive while under the influence of drink or drugs. The study also found a strong correlation between talking on a hand-held phone and speeding, overtaking, and other high-risk behaviors.
Researchers at San Diego Zoo Global have successfully generated induced pluripotent stem cells from frozen fibroblast cell lines of northern and southern white rhinoceroses. This groundbreaking achievement marks the first step towards potentially bringing back this critically endangered species through gamete creation.
The BioRescue project, a northern white rhino conservation program, faced significant challenges due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Despite international travel restrictions and revenue losses, the consortium successfully continued research and made progress in embryo creation and stem-cell techniques.
A joint research team revealed that the growth of northern Tibet drastically altered climate and vegetation patterns in East Asia. The study found that increased rainfall allowed unique plants and animal species to evolve in vast numbers, creating a biodiversity hotspot.
Two new northern white rhino embryos were created in December 2020 using advanced assisted reproduction technologies. This brings the total number of viable embryos produced to five. The successful embryo creation is a result of a regular rhythm of repeated oocyte collections, which will continue if possible.
Researchers predict up to 5,700 Northern Hemisphere lakes may permanently lose ice cover by 2055, affecting drinking water quality and quantity. Climate change projections indicate increased winter air temperatures will cause this loss, with shallow lakes more susceptible.
The article highlights various Christmas-related health risks, including arsenic poisoning, injuries from falls and slips, and gastrointestinal problems. The authors argue that while some sources suggest the benefits of Christmas outweigh its harms, they themselves found no strong evidence of widespread adverse effects.
A study published in Ecological Monographs reveals that sugar maple leaf microbiomes change along the transition from coniferous to deciduous forests. The findings show that southern sugar maples have similar microbiomes, while northern trees host bacterial communities resembling those of other dominant species.
A new laser-based method allows researchers to map the electronic structures of crystals at room temperature, revealing potential capabilities for solar cells, LED lights, and artificial photosynthesis. The technique also enables the design of novel semiconductor-based quantum devices.
A team of researchers led by Nagoya University has discovered that killer electrons, resulting from the pulsating aurora, could be involved in ozone destruction. The high-energy electrons are believed to cause damage when they penetrate satellites, and their presence in the middle atmosphere is associated with the pulsating aurora.
A new study by McGill University researchers demonstrates that changes in the Antarctic ice sheet were driven by melting ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere. The team used numerical modeling and geological records to simulate simultaneous changes in sea levels and ice dynamics, revealing a complex connection between the two hemispheres.
A team of scientists found that melting ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere caused changes in the Antarctic ice sheet, which are thousands of miles away. This study sheds light on how global warming affects ice sheet stability and provides insight into future climate instability.
Researchers found that Siberian primrose performed better in northern Norway than in southern Finland, indicating a lack of adaptation to global warming. Assisted migration and ex situ conservation are proposed solutions to help the species survive.
Researchers developed a low-cost, flexible optoelectronic cell that can detect light intensity and perceive color. The device uses bandgap-gradient perovskites to sense spectral content with high resolution.
Researchers are exploring three approaches using the Wolbachia bacterium to control the buffalo fly population and prevent its spread southwards. The methods include artificially infecting adult flies or pupae, releasing sterile males into overwintering areas, and blocking transmission of nematodes closely related to Stephanofilaria.
Researchers measured streetlight contribution to urban lighting for the first time using smart city technology and satellite imagery. The study found that only around 20% of nighttime light emissions come from streetlights.
New discoveries in Northern Spain's Aitzbitarte Caves depict a previously unknown artistic style, consistent with the Gravettian cultural complex found across Europe. The study reveals a more widespread and varied culture than previously thought, spanning over 25,000 years.
Biologists developed fluorescent mice to visualize protein kinase A (PKA) activation in the retina. They found that light stimulation activates PKA for nearly 15 minutes in rod cells, which are essential for night vision.
The study reveals new details on how the retina works and photoreceptors convert light into nerve signals. Spontaneous calcium flares were discovered in the tips of the outer segment, indicating a functional gradient and a need for turnover.
Genome sequencing reveals a gradual decline in African ancestry across hundreds of miles as bees approach climate barriers. The study suggests that climate is the primary factor limiting the spread of Africanized bees, with colder winters posing a survival challenge.
A large retrospective study suggests that the amount of carbon stored in soils is the biggest predictor of how much carbon will combust during a fire. The study found that soil moisture was also significant in predicting carbon release, and that vegetation patterns were complex and interacted with each other to predict combustion amounts.
Scientists study tree rings to reveal how Arctic dimming kills trees and limits growth due to reduced sunlight from industrial pollution. The research found massive tree mortality associated with the Norilsk mining complex in northern Siberia.
Post-tropical cyclone Teddy was located near latitude 51.0 degrees north and longitude 57.3 degrees west, with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph and a central pressure of 975 millibars. The storm moved closer to the northwestern Newfoundland coast overnight before merging with an extratropical low-pressure area.
A new study suggests that Southeast Asian island-building reduced carbon dioxide levels and cooled Earth over 15 million years, allowing large ice sheets to form in North America and Northern Europe. This process, triggered by volcanic rocks dissolving carbon dioxide, is believed to have played a crucial role in the formation of the Gr...
Researchers found similarities in northern quoll skulls across a 5000km range, raising hopes for conservation. The study suggests cross-breeding isolated populations may be feasible without losing adaptations.
NAU researchers will collaborate with ASU and regional partners on nanotechnology-based innovations, expanding educational opportunities for northern Arizona communities. The NAU site will provide capabilities in characterization and modeling of hard and soft materials.
Researchers found an overall increase in ozone levels above the Northern Hemisphere over the past 20 years, despite lower ground-level ozone in some areas. Ozone increases were most pronounced in tropical regions and mid-latitude areas.
Researchers are conducting a large-scale study to understand the biological factors driving tooth decay in preschool-aged children in Yuma, Ariz., and on the island of Hawai'i. The study aims to discover interventions to eliminate bacteria contributing to childhood tooth decay.
Northern peatlands store large amounts of carbon and nitrogen, but are vulnerable to permafrost thaw under climate change. If thawed, these peatlands could become a source of atmospheric carbon, leading to increased greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers identified key drivers of secondary growth resumption in Northern Hemisphere conifers, including photoperiod and mean annual temperature. These factors interact with spring forcing and moisture availability to regulate wood formation.
A new study suggests that coastal flooding events could impact up to 287 million people and assets worth US $14.2 trillion globally by 2100. The areas predicted to be most affected are north-west Europe, south-east and east Asia, and northern Australia.
Researchers have matched seismic signals with aurora displays in Alaska, offering a new way to study magnetic fluctuations. By combining data from all-sky cameras and seismometers, scientists can better understand the link between solar winds and the Earth's magnetic field.
The latest Hubble image of Saturn reveals small atmospheric storms in the planet's northern hemisphere, with pronounced banding visible. The ringed planet's atmosphere is mostly hydrogen and helium, with seasonal changes due to increased sunlight also producing a reddish haze.
A new study pushes back the earliest evidence for smallpox infection by nearly 1,000 years to the 7th century in northern Europe. The discovery of a previously unknown clade of the smallpox virus suggests it may have been widespread throughout Viking Age Europe.
Researchers measure neurological responses to light pollution in wildlife, finding both magpies and pigeons' sleep disrupted by artificial white and amber lighting. The study suggests that using short-term solutions like switching off porch lights and installing sensor lights can help mitigate the impact of light pollution on bird sleep.
Scientists have developed a wireless, optical cochlear implant that uses LED lights to restore hearing in deaf rats and gerbils. The device generates more selective signals than prior designs, offering improvements over current electrode-based implants.
A Montana State University professor's research on plant chemistry published in Global Change Biology reveals increased greening across the Northern Great Plains and Northern Rockies. The study found decreased levels of nitrogen and increased levels of carbon in recent plant samples, as well as improved water use efficiency.
A new study by Columbia University reveals that even as temperatures warm, light remains a major factor in limiting carbon uptake in northern high latitudes. This limitation means that these regions will not become more conducive to vegetation growth and instead release more carbon dioxide.
Research from Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology found that light pollution can significantly increase the number of insects consumed by invasive cane toads. The study, published in Scientific Reports, used outdoor enclosures with artificial lights to test the impact on the toad's diet.
Scientists have identified similarities between ancient New Zealand penguins and Northern Hemisphere plotopterids, suggesting both groups were strong swimmers that used their wings to propel them deep underwater. The study sheds light on how birds evolved to use their wings for swimming instead of flying.