Articles tagged with Adverse Effects
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study published in DNA Repair shows that hydroxychloroquine exhibits DNA-damaging and mutagenic effects at a clinically achievable dose. The findings suggest the possibility of additional side effects, particularly in patient populations, and emphasize the need for careful risk assessment and informed consent.
A retrospective study of over 3,900 patients found that warming iohexol 350 contrast media did not significantly reduce adverse reactions or extravasations. The results suggest that maintaining the agent at room temperature is non-inferior to warming it to body temperature before injection.
A new study analyzing 1,200 RCTs found that reporting of adverse effects has only improved slightly over the past 17 years. Researchers argue that many trials focus on benefits rather than harms, and selective reporting can misinform clinical decisions.
A new study published in Chemical Senses found that patients who had their wisdom teeth extracted showed improved tasting abilities decades after surgery. The study challenges the notion that removal of wisdom teeth has only negative effects on taste and represents a significant finding in the field.
Researchers have developed a decision support system to identify the environmental impact of nanomaterials faster and more cost effectively. The library contains full physicochemical characterization of 69 nanomaterials, including calculated molecular descriptors.
A recent study found that mindfulness-based meditation programs have similar rates of adverse effects to other psychological treatments, and identified key obstacles to harms monitoring. The study provides a blueprint for accurately assessing the risks of these programs and maximizing their efficacy while minimizing harm.
A WHO expert panel recommends against the use of hydroxychloroquine to prevent COVID-19 infection in people without symptoms. The guideline is based on high certainty evidence from six randomized controlled trials involving over 6,000 participants.
A study published in Food and Chemical Toxicology found that some energy drinks have adverse effects on the muscle cells of the heart. Cardiomyocytes exposed to these beverages showed an increased beat rate and other factors affecting cardiac function.
A recent study found that divorcees experience poorer mental and physical health compared to the background population. Higher levels of conflict during the divorce process predict worse mental health outcomes regardless of other factors. Targeted interventions early in the process may help mitigate these effects.
A 2019 study found a contagion effect among boys, but an Annenberg Public Policy Center reanalysis concluded that the series had no clear effect on teen suicide. Recent commentaries challenge the reanalysis and defend it.
A randomized trial investigated carboxylic acid formulation of EPA and DHA, reducing cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia. The study found omega-3 CA to be more effective than corn oil in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.
Researchers developed an algorithm to predict sex-specific adverse drug effects, identifying 20,817 adverse drug effects posing sex-specific risks. The algorithm addresses confounding biases and provides an opportunity to minimize adverse events by tailoring drug prescription and dosage to sex.
Researchers have created a genetically engineered mosquito strain with a Cas9/guide RNA-based gene drive that targets the cardinal gene to prevent malaria transmission. The drive achieved an average efficiency of 96.7% in both sexes, ensuring every mosquito carries at least one copy within six generations.
A critical EPA insecticide study on chlorpyrifos was found to have been based on incomplete data, leading to an incorrect safe exposure limit. Researchers argue that this oversight had significant public health implications and potentially allowed approvals for unsafe uses of the chemical.
A recent study suggests that an increase in immigration to the US has little impact on the wages of native citizens. However, it does benefit low-skill workers, with average wage gains of around 4%. The study also found a small positive effect on high-skill natives' wages and reduced local real wage inequality.
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in fewer women submitting manuscripts to JAMA Surgery, potentially hindering their academic career progression. Women face challenges in academia due to publications being a key metric for promotion and tenure.
A study by Erasmus University Rotterdam and IESE Business School found that collective layoff announcements lead to decreased sales, lower advertising elasticity, and reduced advertising spending for affected brands.
Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and azithromycin can lead to rare but potentially life-threatening adverse events, including cardiac arrhythmias, hypoglycemia, and neuropsychiatric effects. Patients should be aware of the risks before treatment.
A new study engineered a form of botulinum toxin B with improved binding to nerve cells, increasing potency and reducing diffusion into surrounding tissue. The modified toxin demonstrated enhanced therapeutic potential and reduced adverse effects.
The new guidelines establish evidence-based limits for exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields, setting thresholds below which no adverse effects can occur. The report provides guidance on basic restrictions and reference levels to ensure safe exposure in various settings, including occupational environments.
Researchers analyzed online forum data from 2008-2015 to find health problems associated with e-cigarettes existed before the 2019 VAPI outbreak. The study suggests many more users may have serious symptoms, and cases similar to those in the current epidemic have likely existed previously.
The study found measurable adverse biologic effects on lung health and cells in humans, animals, and tissue samples. Vaping has been linked to increased respiratory symptoms, including bronchitis-like symptoms and asthma, as well as possible lung damage and immunosuppression.
A new study from Brigham Young University found that having good neighbors, teachers, or caregivers can counteract the negative impact of adverse childhood experiences. The study showed that even with four or more ACEs, high amounts of advantageous childhood experiences led to better adult physical and mental health.
Research from University of California - San Diego found a significant association between tramadol use and an increased risk of developing hypoglycemia. The study analyzed over 12 million reports and identified a 10-fold greater risk compared to other opioids, with methadone being the only other drug with comparable effect.
Researchers surveyed 1,029 people ages 18 to 40 at EDM parties in NYC and found that one-third experience a drug-related adverse effect over the past year. The study also revealed that alcohol use was associated with the greatest number of adverse outcomes.
A study analyzing published research found Nordic walking reduces swelling and improves physical fitness in breast cancer patients. However, more well-designed studies are needed to explore its full potential.
Exposure to fine particulate matter during pregnancy impairs fetal development, leading to smaller organs and metabolic disorders in adulthood. The study highlights the importance of reducing prenatal air pollution exposure to prevent long-term health consequences.
A new mathematical model could be key to designing effective therapies for brain disorders by quantifying the bias of biological signals through G-protein-coupled receptors. The model enables the discovery and development of drugs that are agonist, neutral antagonist, and inverse antagonist.
Researchers suggest that combining glucocorticoids with antioxidants could further improve clinical treatment for premature babies while minimizing potential risks. The proposed therapy aims to overcome adverse effects associated with existing glucocorticoid treatment and accelerate lung maturation in infants.
A study by UC Davis researchers found that DMT microdosing helped rats overcome a fear response associated with anxiety and PTSD, while also reducing immobility in tests measuring antidepressant effects. However, the regimen caused weight gain in male rats and neuronal atrophy in female rats, highlighting potential risks.
Carla Ng will use her NSF CAREER award to study the health and environmental impact of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances. She aims to identify ways to eliminate them from the environment and design selective sorbents for efficient removal.
A review published in Advances in Nutrition suggests that noncaloric sweeteners have a negligible impact on daily energy intake and do not significantly alter the composition of human gut microbiota. The study concludes that there is not enough evidence to support adverse effects on health, including cancer or diabetes risk.
A new study found sufficient evidence to raise concerns about prenatal BPA exposure's effects on ovarian development and function. The researchers believe their findings are relevant to both fetal and women's health, particularly in relation to infertility and endocrine disrupting chemicals.
A study reveals that 1 in 3 complementary medicine users do not disclose their CM use to medical providers. This can lead to unsafe concurrent use and harm due to adverse effects. The researchers emphasize the importance of disclosure for patient management and care.
A new US study found that prescription opioids are negatively affecting labor force participation and unemployment rates nationwide. The study discovered a strong adverse effect of opioids on labor markets, with a 10% increase in opioid prescriptions per capita leading to a 0.6 percentage point drop in labor force participation rates.
A new study published in the journal Addiction found that allowing smokers to determine their own nicotine intake while quitting can lead to higher success rates. The results suggest that most smokers can tolerate doses four times higher than those normally recommended, making them more likely to stay smoke-free.
Researchers found that mice exposed to weightlessness during a 30-day spaceflight displayed altered immune systems, with impaired B lymphocyte production and persistent effects after return to Earth. The study suggests potential concerns for astronauts' health and highlights the need for countermeasures.
A recent systematic review found that health information exchanges can significantly reduce healthcare costs and usage. Community-based exchanges showed more promising results than proprietary ones. The study's lead investigator attributed the difference to more mature systems being examined in the current review.
Researchers at St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center discovered a mechanism that causes TRPV1 blockers to affect body temperature. The team found that blocking this activation can prevent hyperthermia and hypothermia in new compounds.
New research from Chapman University found that 40% of teens aged 13-19 reported an adverse effect while consuming energy drinks. The most common side effects included insomnia, jittery feelings, and heart palpitations. Additionally, some teens mix alcohol with energy drinks and use them for weight loss.
The Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden Scale (ACB) is associated with increased risk of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and incident dementia in older adults. High ACB scores are linked to a dose-response relationship between anticholinergic burden and adverse clinical outcomes.
Wayne State University will analyze 20 years of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders data to refine the new diagnosis and provide support for official recognition in the DSM. The study aims to identify key developmental outcomes, prenatal alcohol exposure levels, and critical dose effects.
A new study found that high-intensity resistance and impact training for just 30 minutes, twice a week, improved bone density and structure in postmenopausal women with low bone mass. The exercise program was also associated with enhanced functional performance and reduced risk of osteoporotic fracture.
Research from Aarhus University found that 29% of referred women over 18 have been prescribed psychiatric medicine before vaccination, compared to 17% for HPV vaccinated women. Women referred to HPV centers often had mental health issues before receiving the vaccine.
Opioid-related problems in hospitalized children increased significantly over nine years, with white children being most affected. Adverse events included opioid withdrawal, constipation, altered mental status, and cardiac arrest.
A James Cook University scientist has discovered an alcohol-free antiseptic solution that is safe and effective for minor surgical procedures. The study found a slightly lower infection rate with the new solution compared to traditional water-based antiseptics.
Among patients unresponsive to an antidepressant, adding aripiprazole modestly increased remission rates from depression compared to switching or augmenting with bupropion. The study found symptom improvement was greater with aripiprazole than other treatments.
Dr. Matthew Stanbrook argues that Health Canada's proposed changes are a step forward but need further action to protect consumers. The new regulations aim to hold nonprescription drugs and natural health products to the same standards, but direct evidence is needed to determine risk.
The prevalence of daily supplemental vitamin D use above 1,000 IU increased from 0.3% in 1999-2000 to 18.2% in 2013-2014. Intake of 4,000 IU or more daily also rose, with 3.2% of participants using such supplements in 2013-2014. The trend was observed across most age groups, race/ethnicities, and sexes.
Researchers found that radiation therapy can alter neural networks and lead to cognitive decline in patients with brain tumors. The study suggests that the treatment may cause broader adverse effects, including thinning of the brain cortex and increased segregation between brain regions.
A meta-analysis of three randomized controlled trials shows that zinc acetate lozenges can increase the recovery rate from the common cold by 3 fold. The studies found no adverse effects at doses up to 92mg/day, making them a potentially effective treatment option.
A study published in JAMA found that early low-dose hydrocortisone treatment in very preterm infants did not result in adverse effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age. The researchers analyzed data from the PREMILOC trial and found no significant differences in patients with or without neurodevelopmental impairment.
Two studies found that radical prostatectomy was associated with greater decreases in sexual function and urinary incontinence compared to active surveillance. However, no significant differences were found in bowel or hormonal function beyond 12 months.
A new study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that B vitamins can increase plasma concentrations of folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12, reducing the impact of air pollution on the epigenome. The results have significant public health implications for regions with frequent PM2.5 peaks.
A new study examines the effect of adverse childhood experiences on health and biological outcomes in children, finding associations with weight changes, asthma, and sleep disruption. Researchers highlight the importance of early detection to protect children's health and well-being before long-term adult outcomes occur.
A nationally representative survey found that US adults' supplement use remained stable between 1999 and 2012, with 52% reporting use of any supplements in 2011-2012. Multivitamin use decreased during this time period, from 37% to 31%.
A document analysis found that orlistat trial reports underestimated adverse effects, with only 3-33% of reported events appearing in published papers. This suggests potential for bias in harms reporting and highlights the need for more accurate reporting practices.
Research from the University of East Anglia found that people switching to pill organizers are more likely to become unwell than those not using them. Patients should consult their GP or pharmacist before making the switch.
A study assessed the performance of direct-to-consumer teledermatology services, finding they often made incorrect diagnoses and provided inadequate treatment information. The services also failed to disclose potential adverse effects and pregnancy risks in prescriptions.
A study by SUNY Downstate Health Science University found associations between pregnant women's exposure to butyl paraben, triclocarban, and propyl paraben and adverse birth outcomes. Findings suggest potential risks of these chemicals in consumer products.