Articles tagged with Immune System
A new study finds that antibodies produced by B cells play a dominant role in controlling cytomegalovirus reactivation in people with compromised immune systems. The discovery challenges long-held theories and could pave the way for safer therapies to protect patients from life-threatening infections.
Scientists have developed a precise measuring tool using DNA origami to optimize antibody effectiveness, with distances of approximately 16 nanometres providing the strongest bond. This technology can help better understand the immune response and design more effective antibodies for vaccines and immunotherapy.
Visceral adipose tissue prioritizes over subcutaneous fat storage, leading to chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. Early life malnutrition and modern diets contribute to VAT accumulation.
Researchers have discovered a new way to boost the immune system's attack on cancer cells by blocking a routine cell mechanism. This breakthrough has shown promising results in lung and melanoma cancers, offering a potential solution for treating a large number of patients.
Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science found that clearing senescent cells, which contribute to inflammation and aging, improves health outcomes in mice. The study, led by Prof. Valery Krizhanovsky and Dr. Yossi Ovadya, offers hope for potential anti-aging therapies.
Research suggests that abdominal obesity may have evolved as a protective mechanism against infections in individuals who experienced poor fetal nutrition. This study proposes that the hallmark of obesity, visceral adipose tissue, provides immunity against abdominal infections.
Nir Hacohen and Vijay Kuchroo receive Distinguished Innovator Award for innovative approaches to treating lupus kidney disease and harnessing regulatory T and B cells. Their research aims to stimulate strategies for prevention, treatment, and cure of the chronic autoimmune disease.
Scientists have discovered a molecular cause of rare autoimmune disorders, including Singleton-Merten syndrome and Aicardi-Goutières syndrome. Mistakes in RNA proofreading lead to improper interferon signaling, triggering autoimmunity.
The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus will partner with the Allen Institute for Immunology to understand the human immune system and find novel mechanisms to halt or reverse rheumatoid arthritis. The research program aims to identify biomarkers for early detection and develop new treatments for this debilitating disease.
Researchers have discovered that immune cells sacrifice themselves to release proteins that fight invasive bacteria and damage. This process, called pyroptosis, is an explosive form of cell death that warns other immune cells about the threat.
Ning Jiang, a UT Austin researcher, will investigate immune cell behavior in neurodegenerative diseases with a $2.5 million grant. This funding supports a collaborative project aiming to improve understanding of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
A team of researchers from the RI-MUHC discovered a new human disease called combined immunoficiency (CID) and its genetic cause ICOSLG. The disease is characterized by a weakened immune system, making patients susceptible to recurrent life-threatening infections.
Scientists at Monash University have identified a new immune brake called CD96 that enables tumors to evade the immune system. Blocking this receptor may lead to more effective cancer treatments. The research has significant implications for cancer immunotherapy.
Researchers have found that Botryllus schlosseri, a marine invertebrate, has a blood-forming system with uncanny similarities to humans. This discovery may provide a way to improve immune function and find new tools for biological discovery. The study also reveals parallels between the blood systems in Botryllus and mammals.
A set of immune system tissue chips is scheduled to launch on SpaceX's 16th commercial resupply mission to the International Space Station, where they will simulate the aging process of the immune system. The goal is to gain new insights into the molecular basis for many human conditions and develop novel therapies.
A study found that specific bacteria from the mother's gut stimulate the baby's immune responses during vaginal birth, but this transmission is impacted in children born by caesarean section. This may explain why caesarean-born children are more prone to chronic diseases.
Researchers at Mainz University Medical Center discovered a new signal pathway employed by skin cancer cells to evade the immune system. The ICER protein plays a significant role in this process, leading to rapid tumor growth and inflammation.
Mayo Clinic researchers find that viruses can hijack the ADAR1 enzyme to avoid immune detection, but at a threshold of 1,000 double-stranded RNA molecules. This discovery offers hope for new antiviral therapies targeting ADAR1.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a comprehensive way to evaluate how immune responses of humanized mice measure up to actual humans. The study highlights an experimental paradigm to address the gap in understanding immune responses to human pathogens and potential vaccines.
Scientists visualize immune system's action on tumor development, revealing its impact on cancer cell heterogeneity. The study highlights the potential for optimizing therapeutic combinations and sequences to improve immunotherapy outcomes.
Researchers at Scripps Research have identified a crucial immune system-regulating protein called ABHD12, which is linked to a rare genetic disease featuring brain and nerve problems. The study suggests that targeting ABHD12 may offer new avenues for treating cancers and chronic viral infections.
Scientists developed a human tissue culture construct to test immune responses to vaccines, enabling rapid assessment of candidates and accelerating the development process. The platform replicates immune responses in different populations and age groups, allowing researchers to select human vaccine candidates before human trials.
An international study published in Blood highlights the urgent need for better treatment strategies for patients with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID). The study found that survival rates were higher after cell transplants from matched sibling donors and that young age and absence of active infection were key factors for impro...
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have created an immune cell atlas, DICE, to decipher how natural genetic variation shapes the immune system's ability to protect health. The database provides detailed profiles of 15 immune cell types and 91 healthy donors, revealing a wide impact of genetic variation on gene activity.
Researchers discovered that mitochondria deploy ROS to destroy invading MRSA bacteria by packaging and delivering these molecules to the phagosome, bypassing traditional immune mechanisms. This backup system helps immune cells fight off pathogens with increased effectiveness.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that oligodendrocytes, cells responsible for myelin production, may play a significant role in MS development. This finding could lead to new therapies targeting areas beyond the immune system.
A new study from Northwestern University finds that grieving spouses with sleep problems have a two-to-three times higher risk of chronic immune activation and increased inflammation, making them more susceptible to heart disease or cancer. Cognitive behavioral therapy is highly effective in treating sleep disturbances, and physicians ...
Stephanie Ganal-Vonarburg's research shows that maternal microbiota influences child's immune system from birth through placenta and breast milk. The award supports her future work to investigate long-term effects of maternal microbiota on children's immunity.
Researchers discovered large immune cells called macrophages play a vital role in repairing damaged nerve connections in zebrafish. These molecules dampen inflammation at the injury site, enabling nerve cells to bridge gaps and repair lost connections.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals the nature of immune cells in the human brain, including their location and function. The research provides valuable insights into the immune system's role in brain disorders such as multiple sclerosis and tumors.
A recent measles case highlights the importance of herd immunity in safeguarding those with compromised immune systems. Despite being fully vaccinated as a child, a Swiss man undergoing leukemia treatment died from severe measles complications.
A groundbreaking new study aims to understand the human immune system's response to influenza by analyzing gene regulation, microbiome influence, and other factors. Researchers will take comprehensive measurements from healthy participants who receive a standard influenza vaccination.
Robert Tampé's €1.5 million Koselleck project aims to elucidate key mechanisms of antigen processing in MHC-I complexes, which could lead to new therapy options for infections and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at McMaster University discovered a new way bacteria evade the human immune system by shutting down flagella expression, making it difficult for the immune system to detect and respond. This finding has significant implications for understanding antibiotic resistance and developing new treatments.
Drexel researchers have developed a polymer coating that helps nanoparticles evade the immune system and liver, allowing them to remain in circulation for longer periods. The mushroom-brush layer combination enables nanoparticles to reach cancerous tumors more effectively.
A new study by CNIC researchers reveals that immune cells like neutrophils help maintain normal function of healthy tissues, performing roles unrelated to immunity. The findings suggest that the immune system is essential for day-to-day health, with potential benefits in some tissues and risks in others.
A clinical trial at UC San Diego Health is testing personalized vaccines that use a patient's unique cancer mutations to stimulate an immune response. The vaccine, combined with an FDA-approved checkpoint inhibitor, aims to unleash the full potential of T cells activated by the vaccine.
New findings suggest that the immune system's response to a protein called GDP-L-fucose synthase, found in both human cells and bacteria, may play a key role in multiple sclerosis. The protein is believed to activate T cells in the intestine, leading to an inflammatory cascade that damages the protective coating around nerve cells.
C3 regulates autophagy in beta cells, enabling protection from stress and potentially treating diseases like type 2 diabetes. Disruption of this mechanism can contribute to disease development.
Jonathan Kipnis, a UVA neuroscientist, receives $5.6 million in funding to advance his research on the relationship between the brain and immune system. His work aims to understand how the immune system interacts with the brain and potentially develop new treatments for neurological diseases.
Researchers propose natural adaptive therapies to keep cancer in check by mimicking the immune system's approach. These therapies aim to stabilize tumor size and slow resistance evolution.
Researchers at UVA have discovered that lymphatic vessels in the brain carry messages from the brain to the immune system, triggering MS symptoms. Blocking these messages may offer a new way to treat the condition, but more research is needed to understand their role and potential therapeutic targets.
Scientists at Scripps Research have identified rare antibodies that can bind to the Ebola virus and stop infection, potentially leading to a universal therapy. The new research reveals how these antibodies work by targeting a conserved region of the viral fusion loop.
A study published in Frontiers in Immunology reveals that a specific immune checkpoint molecule, interleukin-10 (IL-10), is not functioning properly in mice with type 1 diabetes. This defect leads to an overactive immune response, attacking insulin-producing cells and causing the disease.
Researchers have found that disrupting the non-canonical NF-κB pathway improves the effects of radiotherapy by enhancing the immune system's ability to interact with radiation. This new approach may lead to novel combination strategies for improving cancer treatment.
Researchers at UT Austin have developed a new approach to treating cancer using enzyme therapy, which boosts the immune system by degrading kynurenine, a metabolite that suppresses the immune system. The treatment could prove effective in treating various types of cancers and is expected to initiate clinical trials soon.
A new MSU study links a malfunctioning gene to the loss of vital immune cells, which may prevent ankylosing spondylitis. The findings put researchers closer to uncovering the role of this gene in the disease.
Researchers developed an immunotherapy that induces antitumor immunity by provoking necroptosis in cancer cells, destroying tumors while protecting against secondary tumor formation. The treatment provides protection against disseminated tumors and stimulates the immune system to attack persistent surviving cancer cells.
Scientists have created a more complete humanized mouse model by combining human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with mesenchymal stem cells. This allows for more realistic testing of immunotherapies, leading to improved cancer treatment predictions. The new model enables researchers to compare the interaction of the immune sys...
Researchers from Karolinska Institutet have discovered that a baby's immune system undergoes dramatic changes within the first few weeks of life, adapting to its new environment. This phenomenon was made possible by using advanced techniques of immune cell analysis.
Scientists at Garvan Institute of Medical Research have identified a new micro-organ within the immune system that helps fight reinfection fast. The structure, named SPFs, is strategically positioned to detect infection early and contains immune cells gathering to mount a rapid response.
Researchers found that adding retinoic acid to standard-of-care treatment for melanoma can turn off myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that resist immune treatments, leading to increased immune system activity. The study showed a safe and promising strategy to target MDSCs, which could be a useful addition to immunotherapies for ...
Researchers found that cortisol enables AML cells to evade the immune system by inducing latrophilin 1 expression. This allows cancer cells to suppress anti-cancer immune mechanisms, leading to disease progression.
Researchers discover that PLD3 and PLD4 play a crucial role in degrading DNA and preventing autoimmune reactions. The proteins were found to regulate endosomal nucleic acid sensing, which may contribute to new approaches in cancer immunotherapy and treatment of autoimmune disorders.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a unique vaccine that employs an uncommon two-pronged approach to fighting the Zika virus. The single-dose vaccine proved effective in triggering an immune response that prevented later infection by Zika virus.
A study by UC Davis researchers found that low levels of cytomegalovirus (CMV) significantly impact microbe and immune cell populations, influencing the immune system's response to the influenza vaccine. CMV infection also alters gut microbiota, potentially diverting resources away from other threats.
A study by researchers at IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation and University of Rome found that childhood adversity alters the immune system, increasing sensitivity to cocaine in adulthood. Exposure to psychosocial stress early in life leads to permanent changes in immune function, sensitizing the body to cocaine's effects.
Researchers developed an imaging technique to assess immune system changes in monkeys infected with a simian form of HIV. The study revealed that CD4+ T-cell levels in tissues vary from blood levels, challenging the notion of the gut as a major target for SIV infection.
A combination treatment has safely enhanced the ability of the immune system to fight infections in the elderly, reducing their incidence by a year. The treatment, which inhibits TORC1 protein complex, showed improved immune response towards seasonal influenza vaccine, paving the way for therapies targeting infectious diseases.
Scientists have discovered a class of 'danger signals' that trigger an efficient immune response in newborns, potentially reducing vaccine administration age and booster injections. This breakthrough aims to improve pediatric vaccine efficacy and protect more infants and young children from infections.