Articles tagged with Immunology
Research found that chronic exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 air pollutants activates harmful allergic-like immune responses in the lungs, leading to inflammation and scarring. The study suggests targeting oxidative stress or modulating NRF2 activity could be a new strategy to treat pollution-induced allergic inflammation.
A study published in Nature found that autoantibodies can tilt the odds dramatically toward shrinking tumors and enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Certain autoantibodies linked to better clinical outcomes could reveal cancer's weak spots and point to new targets for treatment.
Researchers developed an IBDV VP2 subunit vaccine that induces specific antibodies and protects against bursal atrophy. The study found that using certain adjuvants, such as Montanide ISA 78 VG, enhances the protective effects of the vaccine.
Conventional dendritic cells have been found to originate from both myeloid and lymphoid progenitors, revealing their unique functions and developmental pathways. These lymphoid-derived cDCs exhibit potent functions in immune suppression and allergy induction, and follow diverse developmental pathways.
Researchers at the University of Ottawa have made a breakthrough in developing nanoparticles that not only deliver drugs but also contribute to treatment. Their proof-of-concept study shows that particles can be armed with therapeutic potential, revolutionizing the field of nanomedicine.
A new Cornell University research study reveals that juvenile and subadult bats are the most likely to spread new coronaviruses to other species. Young bats shed viruses more easily when weaned, leading to a high-risk scenario for emerging novel viruses.
Researchers have discovered a way to train the immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells, including those that cause metastases. The new treatment induces immunogenic cell death, releasing warning signals that teach the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells throughout the body.
A new Korea University study provides the first species-specific health risk estimates for indoor airborne microbes based on animal toxicity data. The research determines that exposure to fungi may be unsafe even at levels below current guidelines, while bacteria are within existing regulatory limits.
Long-haul COVID-19 and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome share similar pathophysiologies, including oxidative stress, autoantibodies, and impaired mitochondrial energy conversion. These conditions also exhibit neurodegenerative outcomes, such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, and increased risk of dementia.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered a novel tool to help stratify rejection risk in kidney transplantation. They found that mismatching SIRP-alpha between donors and recipients contributes to worse rejection, scarring, and graft failure in humans, suggesting improved transplant outcomes.
Researchers have developed a 3D bio-printed model of lung tissue that closely mimics natural complexity, enabling better testing of respiratory diseases and drug development. The model can be adapted to include additional cell types or patient-derived cells, making it a powerful tool for personalized medicine and disease modeling.
Researchers at University of Missouri uncover the antiviral potential of defensins, tiny proteins with powerful antimicrobial properties. Defensins can block SARS-CoV-2 from entering human cells, offering a promising approach to treating viral and bacterial infections.
Researchers identify new group of immune cells driving autoimmune attack on insulin-producing cells in pancreas during cancer immunotherapy. JAK inhibitors, already FDA-approved for psoriasis and arthritis, show potential to prevent and even reverse type 1 diabetes in preclinical models.
Researchers from UCLA have developed innovative biomaterial strategies to mimic immunological synapses, enhancing T cell activation rates and long-term efficacy in CAR-T therapy. The approaches leverage flexible interfaces and mechanical properties to promote memory T cell formation and distribution.
Researchers create map of T cell responses to Chikungunya virus, shedding light on chronic disease triggers. They found that people with chronic disease have T cells targeting the same viral epitopes as those who cleared the virus.
A study published in Neurobiology of Disease found that melanin degradation is impaired in genetically engineered mice lacking the SLC26A4 gene, leading to chronic inflammation and macrophage activation. The researchers propose a novel pathological cascade where melanin accumulation exacerbates hearing loss in pigmented individuals.
A new study reveals how the body preserves long-term immune memory in the lungs after viral infection by relocating immune cells to nearby lymph nodes. Researchers identified the chemokine receptor CCR5 as the key molecule guiding this movement.
A new study from UF Health reveals an antibody-drug conjugate that kills aggressive B cell malignancies while sparing healthy cells. The combination of cancer-hunting antibodies and tiancimycin, a natural compound found in soil microbes, shows promise as a powerful treatment option for diffuse large B cell lymphoma.
Researchers have deciphered a key mechanism for RNA therapeutics, explaining why certain modified RNAs evade the innate immune response. Pseudouridine modifications can avoid detection by pattern recognition receptors, such as TLR7 and TLR8, through impaired endolysosomal processing.
Researchers discovered a previously unappreciated mechanism by which CMV infects cells lining blood vessels and contributes to vascular disease. The finding highlights a new potential avenue for developing antiviral drugs and suggests other herpes viruses could use similar molecular structures to evade immune detection.
Scientists from Pusan National University discovered a genetic biomarker, FCGBP, that is strongly linked to bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and poor outcomes following lung transplantation. The finding may help identify high-risk patients and devise timely immunosuppressive treatments.
Scientists found that blocking PTGIR could help revitalize T cells in their battle against cancer. Prostacyclin interacts with PTGIR to lead to T cell exhaustion, which can be reversed by inhibiting this interaction.
A new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health researchers found that fire smoke exposure can alter the immune system on a cellular level, even in healthy individuals. Exposure to particulate matter, gases, and other compounds in fire smoke was linked to changes in immune cells, inflammation, and gene expression.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet found that biological drugs used to treat severe asthma do not completely eradicate inflammatory cells. Researchers discovered an increase in blood levels of these cells during treatment, which could explain why inflammation often returns when treatment is tapered or discontinued. The study aims t...
The SEB Conference 2025 will feature over 500 talks on latest advances in experimental research across animal, plant and cell biology. The event highlights groundbreaking research in biomechanics, wildlife conservation, human disease and bio-inspired robotics.
A new UVA Health study finds that stocking two twin packs of epinephrine autoinjectors and having campers leave their own at home is the most cost-effective strategy for residential camps. This approach comes with an estimated overall cost of $4.33 per camper.
A study reveals that metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be toxic to mice, causing disruptions in blood cell formation and immune balance. The researchers found that the MOFs suppressed production of certain cells but also triggered a rebound effect, leading to increased inflammation.
Research found that macrophages use two independent pathways to regulate inflammatory and lysosomal responses to toxic particles. The study identified key transcription factors and signaling pathways involved, offering potential therapeutic opportunities to quell inflammation.
A new review identifies CHEK2 as a potential biomarker for predicting response to immunotherapy and suggests that combining CHEK2 inhibitors with existing therapies may enhance anti-tumor effects. This could lead to improved treatment outcomes in solid tumors.
Researchers developed a new approach to generate CAR T cells directly inside the body using targeted lipid nanoparticles, showing rapid and sustained immune reprogramming. This in vivo method holds promise for treating cancer and autoimmune diseases by harnessing a patient's own immune cells.
Deepshika Ramanan, a Salk Assistant Professor, has been recognized as a Rita Allen Foundation Scholar for her innovative research on maternal immunity and lactation. She will receive annual grants of up to $110,000 to conduct groundbreaking work in neuroscience, cancer, immunology, and pain.
Scientists at the Stowers Institute and University of Georgia discover how Cryptococcus neoformans thrives, identifying over 300 potential targets for novel antifungal drugs. The study provides an atlas for developing new therapies to combat this lethal fungus.
Researchers discover iguratimod, a rheumatoid arthritis drug, effectively treats excessive COVID-19 inflammation in mice by maintaining antiviral immune responses. The study provides hope for patients with severe COVID-19-related cytokine storms.
Sara Poletti's research reveals how childhood trauma triggers persistent neuroinflammation pathways and alters brain structure, creating lifelong vulnerability to psychiatric disorders. Her work identifies biological markers of trauma and explores prevention strategies to reduce mental illness odds.
A new study has identified a way to target the viral enzyme uracil-DNA glycosylase (vUNG) that helps HSV-1 evade the immune system, allowing reactivation of APOBEC1 and improving survival in infected mice. This approach offers a promising therapeutic strategy for treating HSV-1 encephalitis by strengthening brain immunity.
Researchers at University of Virginia Health System discovered that an immune molecule called STING drives the formation of harmful plaques and protein tangles associated with Alzheimer's. Blocking STING protected lab mice from mental decline, suggesting a promising treatment target for neurodegenerative diseases.
A new review highlights the role of neutrophils and NETs in kidney diseases, revealing an overactive immune response can damage the kidneys. Targeting neutrophils and NETs could lead to a major shift in treatment, with potential therapies showing promising results in clinical trials.
Combining immunotherapy drug dostarlimab with standard chemotherapy improved survival and reduced symptoms in patients with advanced endometrial cancer. Patients lived up to 5.5 months longer with fewer side effects, outweighing risks.
Researchers have found that soft tumour tissue enables cancer cells to hide from the immune system, potentially speeding up disease progression. This discovery may help doctors identify patients unlikely to benefit from immunotherapy, guiding them towards alternative treatments.
A study reveals PD-1 is a deeply conserved feature across jawed vertebrates, with its discovery in sharks and bony fishes indicating immune restraint via PD-1. Key findings include well-conserved hydrogen bonds between PD-1 and PD-L1, and a conserved role for PD-1 as an immune checkpoint.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have made new discoveries about BCG therapy, which has been shown to reprogram and amplify immune cells in the bone marrow, boosting the body's ability to fight cancer. The findings could lead to improved immunotherapies for various types of cancer.
The BIAL Foundation is now accepting nominations for the 4th edition of its international award, recognizing exceptional work in biomedical research published within the last decade. Nominations are open until June 30, with a significant increase in prize amount to €350,000.
Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science have discovered a coordinated network of four cell types crucial for preventing immune reactions to food. This network is initiated by ROR-gamma-t cells, which temporarily suspend tolerance mechanisms to combat infection, and then resume when the threat has passed.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have created mirror-image molecules that both directly attack bacterial membranes and stimulate the immune system. The dual-action peptides have shown promise in treating infections by reducing bacterial counts and speeding healing, while also promoting sustained immune response.
Researchers identify five distinct immunotypes in tongue squamous cell carcinoma, shedding light on why current immunotherapies fail. The study's findings highlight the need for immune-based assessments to guide treatment decisions and suggest a new approach to personalized medicine.
A study investigated immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in Latin American patients with advanced liver cancer treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab. Most irAEs were mild or moderate and resolved within a month, without impacting overall survival.
A UCLA study found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can significantly enhance the ability of T cells to fight cancer and suppress tumor growth across various cancer types in mouse and human tumor models. SSRIs increased access to serotonin signals, making killer T cells happier and more effective at killing cancer c...
A new study at the University of Turku identified conditions under which Bexmarilimab activates the immune system against cancer. The drug was shown to trigger B cell-mediated immune responses in healthy tissue adjacent to tumors. This could lead to more accurate patient selection and improved treatment outcomes.
Patients with mitochondrial diseases face serious health issues, and a new study reveals that damaged mitochondria put the immune system on overdrive, leading to severe infections. The researchers identified specific molecules that could be targeted with new treatments to protect this vulnerable population.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology discovered that CD4+ T cells target Chikungunya virus, leading to chronic inflammation and joint pain. The study suggests that these monofunctional T cells may be the culprits behind arthritis-like symptoms in CHIKV patients.
Research from Babraham Institute uncovers importance of RNA binding proteins in regulatory T cell function. The study sheds light on how the immune system maintains balance and forms foundation for understanding age-related inflammation.
Researchers at KAIST have identified a critical protein called SLIRP that acts as an 'immune switch' regulating immune responses to viruses and autoimmune diseases. Suppressing SLIRP can alleviate abnormal immune responses in patients with Sjögren's syndrome, coronavirus, and encephalomyocarditis virus infection.
A team of researchers investigated the immune response to the yellow fever vaccine, discovering that specific cell types respond to interferons and a key molecule SIGLEC-1 becomes prominent after vaccination, associated with rapid antibody formation.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers identifies anti-TFAM antibodies as a significant risk factor for thrombotic events in people with lupus. These antibodies attack an essential protein crucial for maintaining the health of mitochondria, leading to damage and increased risk of blood clots.
A new study uses explainable machine learning to predict metastasis and mortality in children with medulloblastoma, identifying key immune factors driving risk. The model provides a transparent approach to prognostic accuracy and supports personalized clinical decision-making.
The new Epigraph vaccine developed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln virologist Eric Weaver protects against H1N1 swine flu and can also protect against influenza in humans and birds. The vaccine significantly outperformed commercial vaccines, providing protection for up to a decade.
Researchers uncover pivotal role of cyclic dinucleotides in triggering bacterial immune response, leading to rapid and robust activation of defenses. The study provides a unified model for how CDNs trigger membrane-targeting immune responses across diverse immune systems.
Researchers discovered that ascites fluid produced by ovarian cancer suppresses cytotoxic lymphocytes, crippling immune cells' ability to kill cancer cells. Fats in ascites cripple NK cells, T cells, and innate T cells, which are attractive candidates for cellular immunotherapies.
A study found that co-infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Mycobacterium abscessus suppresses immune responses, leading to worsened lung function decline in patients with cystic fibrosis and COPD. The presence of both bacteria together reduces the production of key immune signalling molecules, effectively dampening the body's inflam...
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science demonstrates a critical enzyme pathway in maintaining immune cell activity. The research suggests that histone deacetylase (Hdac1) plays a crucial role in preventing excessive decline of effectiveness in exhausted cells.