Articles tagged with Pathology
A study of US pathologists reveals that melanoma diagnoses can be inaccurate and non-reproducible, particularly in the middle of the disease spectrum. The results suggest that only cases at the polar ends of the spectrum are accurately diagnosed.
A new microscope can rapidly image tumor margins during surgery, reducing the need for second surgeries. It also enables pathologists to view tissue in 3D, potentially leading to improved diagnosis and treatment decisions.
Researchers found that pathologists outside of academic centers were more likely to misdiagnose appendix tumors as invasive cancer. A significant number of patients had their diagnoses changed after a second evaluation, emphasizing the importance of expertise in appendix cancer diagnosis.
A deep-learning network developed through research at Case Western Reserve University was 100% accurate in determining the presence of invasive breast cancer in whole biopsy slides. The network correctly identified cancerous pixels with 97% accuracy, rendering near-exact delineations of tumors.
A small study reveals a significant variation in coroner decision-making processes, which can affect the prevention of future deaths. The findings highlight the need for a national coroner consensus to achieve a shared inference from available evidence.
Dr. French is recognized for his groundbreaking research and extensive writing about alcoholic liver disease, totaling over 450 peer-reviewed papers and 19,470 citations.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have discovered a new genetic variant linked to Tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease. The study, published in Molecular Psychiatry, highlights the potential for targeting the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type delta (PTPRD) gene as a therapeutic strategy.
A new gene variant has been identified in the PTPRD gene that is associated with the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain. The study found that this variant affects more than one mechanism of tangle accumulation and may be a key target for developing therapies targeting Tau pathology.
The Association for Molecular Pathology published consensus recommendations to validate next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based oncology panels. The guidelines address NGS test development, optimization and familiarization, and best practices for establishing test performance characteristics.
The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) has published a joint guideline to standardize the interpretation and reporting of sequence variants in cancer. The guidelines aim to improve patient care by establishing standardized classification, annotation, interpretation, and reporting conventions for somatic sequence variants.
The Association for Molecular Pathology released a new report highlighting the potential of MALDI-TOF-MS in identifying invasive infectious diseases. The technology has been shown to accurately identify filamentous fungi and mycobacteria, but more testing is needed before its use can be recommended.
A study by Rush researchers found that TDP-43, a previously recognized pathologic protein, is more likely to result in diagnosed Alzheimer's dementia when combined with plaques and tangles. Mixed pathologies increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's dementia above and beyond just having these brain abnormalities.
Eric Lander receives the award for his lifetime achievements in molecular diagnostics, transforming our understanding of rare and common genetic diseases. The AMP Award recognizes Dr. Lander's seminal publications, fundamental discoveries, and significant scientific contributions.
A study found that men who gamble are more likely to act violently towards others, with the most addicted gamblers at greatest risk. The research also showed a strong association between gambling and violence, even after adjusting for other factors.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University aim to understand the role of intestinal innate immunity in Crohn's disease. They will investigate how mice develop experimental Crohn's disease and replicate these findings in humans, with the goal of developing new medications and treatments to cure the devastating ailment.
The Association for Molecular Pathology has developed a new framework for defining the clinical utility of molecular diagnostics, emphasizing the importance of context in interpreting test results. This approach aims to improve patient care by providing clinically useful and appropriate testing based on realistic evidence levels.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found that only 4.6% of cases had discrepancies between initial and final evaluations, with most being due to process errors or interpretation errors. The study aimed to reduce discrepancy rates by identifying trends and implementing changes.
A study led by Johns Hopkins pathologists found routine hormone receptor testing for noninvasive breast cancer through needle biopsies is unnecessary and wasteful, costing millions annually. This practice could save up to $35 million yearly.
Researchers at Allina Health have developed an algorithm to simplify the complex pathology classification process for pituitary adenomas. The new system helps pathologists make a more accurate diagnosis with fewer tests, saving time and reducing costs.
A systematic review of 40 studies found a weak correlation between signs, symptoms, and testosterone levels in ageing men. The authors suggest that it is difficult to extrapolate the diagnosis of pathologic hypogonadism from younger men to older men with age-related testosterone declines.
Researchers at Griffith University identified significant impairments in cellular function of CFS patients. They found dysfunctional signalling may contribute to impaired cell activity, aligning with symptoms. The study provides further evidence for the pathology of this disabling illness.
A novel intraocular therapy has been shown to prevent or reverse diabetic retinopathy in mice by increasing ACE-2 expression. The study found that the therapy reduced pro-inflammatory cells and reversed vascular degeneration, suggesting a potential new treatment for blindness and other vascular diseases.
A study found that nearly half of routine tests for monoclonal gammopathy are unnecessary and costly. An algorithm-driven approach can improve efficiency and reduce healthcare costs by putting more decision-making power in the hands of pathologists.
New research reveals bed bugs have developed thicker cuticles to resist insecticides, making control efforts more challenging. Understanding this resistance mechanism could lead to the development of new strategies for effective bed bug control.
A study found that pathologists agree on invasive breast cancer diagnoses but not on non-invasive lesions like DCIS and atypia. Women with borderline findings may benefit from revised guidelines for clinical treatment and management.
Researchers at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston found that smartphones can detect 90% of non-melanoma skin cancers and 60% of melanomas, improving diagnosis in remote areas. A DIY smartphone microscope can be made with a ball lens and tape, and additional studies are needed to enhance detection rates.
Mayo Clinic researchers found that using frozen section analysis during lumpectomies can reduce the need for second operations by 95%, saving patients time and financial burdens. The study estimates annual cost savings of $90.9 million to payers and $1.8 million to providers.
The University of Leeds has developed an innovative virtual microscope system to aid in cancer diagnoses. The technology allows pathologists to view large patient cases of up to 100 slides or more, making complex diagnoses faster and more accurate.
Research has made significant progress in understanding mood and psychotic disorders, enabling individualized treatment approaches. Key findings highlight the potential of biomarkers such as neuroanatomy, neuro-circuitry, and genetic markers to stratify patients into clinically distinct subgroups.
The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) has updated its pathology residency curriculum recommendations, focusing on 10 major molecular pathology topics. The new report aims to equip pathologists with the latest scientific breakthroughs and technological innovations in molecular pathology.
Children with Down syndrome who exhibit symptoms of both childhood dysarthria and apraxia may be inadequately diagnosed, leading to ineffective treatment. A new study suggests that these children should be treated for all symptoms, regardless of diagnosis.
The Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology will now be published by Oxford University Press USA, publishing original articles on neuropathology and experimental neuroscience since 1942. The journal is the official publication of the American Association of Neuropathologists, Inc.
A 25-year-old former college football player experienced over 10 concussions during his 16-year career, leading to CTE pathology and cognitive issues. The player's autopsy confirmed the diagnosis, making him the first person with CTE to undergo neuropsychological testing.
A team of researchers has identified a unique gait pattern among top Russian officials, including President Vladimir Putin and Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev. The experts link this 'gunslinger's gait' to military or intelligence training, specifically KGB instruction on keeping the weapon close to the chest while walking.
A study by UPMC and KingMed Diagnostics researchers found that international telepathology consultations significantly improved patient care in China, altering treatment plans for over half of cases. The consultation service expanded access to pathology expertise, facilitating the diagnosis of rare malignancies.
A consensus report by Mayo Clinic researchers provides a standardized approach to diagnosing glomerulonephritis based on the underlying cause of the disease. This new method aims to improve personalized diagnosis and targeted treatment for patients with kidney disease.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University are creating a 'pathology image informatics platform' to analyze and share digital pathology imaging data, focusing on prostate and breast cancers. The project aims to unlock the potential of images in cancer prediction.
A new hand-held probe using optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology has been found to correlate well with traditional pathologists' diagnoses in a clinical study, enabling reliable real-time guidance for surgeons. The device can identify differences between cancer cells and normal tissue with high sensitivity and specificity.
A new study aims to understand MS pathology by activating metabolic stress in oligodendrocytes, a type of cell that produces myelin. The research seeks to determine if this nonimmune-mediated animal model can recapitulate MS pathology and find evidence for behavioral changes and cognitive decline.
The study develops a method for label-free chemical imaging using infrared spectroscopic imaging, allowing molecular stains to be reproduced without tissue damage. This approach enables multiplexed molecular analysis and could revolutionize pathology in research and clinical practice.
Research found habitual gamblers exhibit probability matching behavior and perceive illusory patterns in random sequences. Gamblers are also less able to resist impulses, leading to impulsive betting decisions.
A new study published in the International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy found that diphenhydramine, an active ingredient in Dr. Cocoa's Nighttime formula, significantly inhibits cough reflex sensitivity in adults with acute pathological cough, commonly known as a cold.
Researchers validated a previously reported molecular finding on triple negative breast cancer, but found it was limited to a single patient and could not be applied to further clinical work. The study highlights the importance of independent study validation and careful assay development.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique that enables fast and broad diagnostic assessments using infrared light, eliminating the need for chemical stains. This allows pathologists to obtain precise information from tissue samples without damaging them.
A senior doctor's interviews reveal widespread irrational drug prescribing, kickbacks for referrals, and unnecessary investigations in India's private healthcare sector. The system largely treats patients as revenue generators, without rationality or medical logic.
A study by Johns Hopkins pathologists identified a unique pattern of injuries in the brains of combat veterans who survived IED blasts and later died. The honeycomb pattern of damaged nerve fibers is distinct from other types of brain injury, suggesting a possible signature of 'shell shock' or blast neurotrauma.
A study of over 3,000 women in Michigan found that nearly 40% did not receive alternative treatment before their hysterectomy. Nearly two in five women under 40 had unsupportive pathology, suggesting that treatment guidelines are often not followed.
A study by Mayo Clinic physicians found that high-definition optical lenses during colonoscopies can accurately evaluate polyps' precancerous or benign nature. The assessment was 96-97% accurate, potentially saving patients and healthcare systems substantial costs.
Researchers define sexual deviation by identifying common and rare fantasies in a general population survey. The study found that men have more and more vivid fantasies than women, while women distinguish between fantasy and desire more clearly.
Research suggests that pathological gamblers have a different response to the brain's opioid system, resulting in reduced feelings of euphoria compared to healthy individuals. This altered response may contribute to the addictive nature of gambling.
A study by University of Iowa researchers found that pathological gambling runs in families, with first-degree relatives eight times more likely to develop the problem. The study also identified connections between pathological gambling and other psychiatric disorders, such as social anxiety disorder and PTSD.
The challenges in cancer molecular testing require effective communication between oncologists and pathologists. Close communication, systems approaches, and new institutional protocols can help ensure efficient testing and optimal patient outcomes.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a new CRISPR-based RNA-guided nuclease technology that significantly reduces off-target gene mutations. By doubling the length of DNA recognized for cleavage, the new platform improves genome editing precision and fidelity.
The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) released a report recommending a molecular diagnostics curriculum for medical laboratory scientists, balancing accreditation, certification, and job market needs. The recommendations aim to prepare future scientists for high-complexity testing and support the growth of genomic technology.
The Mayo Clinic uses frozen section analysis during breast cancer lumpectomies, sparing patients the need for repeat surgeries in 96% of cases. This technique significantly lowers the 30-day reoperation rate from 13.2% nationally to 3.6% at Mayo.
The AACR Team Science Award recognizes a Duke University/Johns Hopkins University/National Cancer Institute research team for their innovative work on glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and lethal type of brain cancer. The team's discoveries have led to novel insights into the biology of GBM and potential therapeutic targets.
The FINNO Study found that women are more likely to suffer from incontinence, while men experience problems with slow or incomplete urination. The study also identified post-micturition dribble as the most common cause of bother among men.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have found that shortening the guide RNA component of CRISPR-Cas nucleases can substantially reduce off-target DNA mutations. Truncated gRNAs, or tru-gRNAs, are just as efficient as full-length gRNAs in reaching their intended target but with greatly reduced off-target effects.
The Association for Molecular Pathology proposes a new term, Laboratory Developed Procedure (LDPs), to describe service-oriented tests. LDPs rely on laboratory professionals for design, consultation, and interpretive reporting in clinical care.
Studies suggest novel therapies for nicotine and heroin addiction are effective, with magnetic stimulation helping smokers quit and reducing rats' motivation to take heroin. Chronic pain also increases the risk of overdose among people with addiction, according to research findings presented at Neuroscience 2013.