Articles tagged with Dna Sequencing
A new study reveals dramatic changes to gut and mouth bacteria in people with chronic liver disease, correlating with increased antibiotic resistance and poor clinical outcomes. The findings suggest a need for personalized microbiome-based treatments and rapid diagnosis of infections to improve patient care.
Scientists at the University of Gothenburg have discovered four new species of daisies in South Africa using advanced DNA sequencing techniques. The discovery highlights the importance of integrating traditional observations with modern genetic analysis to better understand plant relationships and biodiversity.
Scientists have discovered multiple instances of genetic interbreeding between Denisovans and modern humans, shaping early human history. Denisovan genes confer advantages in distinct environments, such as tolerance to low oxygen conditions and heightened immunity.
A new AI tool uses microbial communities as a 'microscopic fingerprint' to determine geographical source, opening up possibilities in medicine, epidemiology and forensics. The mGPS system achieves impressive precision, pinning down city sources for 92% of samples and distinguishing between handrails and kiosks in NYC.
A 2023 avian flu outbreak in Washington state killed 56% of a large breeding colony of Caspian terns and had significant impacts on the Pacific-coast population. The virus was also transmitted to harbor seals, causing an inflammatory response in their brains.
A recent study by CU Anschutz scientists found that an ancient gene mutation among First Nations inhabitants of Oceania may make them more susceptible to certain infectious diseases. The allele, KIR3DLI*114, is widespread and unique to Oceania, with up to 30% of individuals carrying it.
A new method allows direct access to specific bits in synthetic polymer data storage, enabling random access. The researchers encoded a sequence of ones and zeroes into a polymer chain, demonstrating the feasibility of storing and retrieving large amounts of data efficiently.
Researchers have successfully integrated genome sequencing into newborn screening to identify hundreds of rare genetic disorders. This approach allows for earlier diagnosis and treatment, promoting health equity and reducing time to diagnosis.
Research reveals two species of sardine in the California Current, with Japanese sardines arriving on the West Coast around 2022. The discovery highlights the impact of marine heatwaves and changing ocean conditions on fish distributions.
A research team, led by Francesco Ferretti, located signs of white sharks at four sites in the Sicilian Channel, a stronghold of the endangered species. The team used improved methods and technologies, including eDNA sampling and camera traps, to detect the presence of the sharks.
A new genomic study reveals high genetic diversity and low inbreeding in the endangered Oriental Stork population, a common finding in many critically endangered species. The study provides hope for the species' long-term survival and suggests that protecting its habitats could rapidly rescue this species from extinction.
A study published in Biology Letters reveals that harbor seals in Alaska's Iliamna Lake are genetically isolated from other seal populations across the Pacific. The researchers found significant differences between the lake seals and marine populations, suggesting they may be a unique endemic form of harbor seal.
Researchers identified three genetic regions strongly associated with increased prostate incidence in a diverse group of African men. The study, the largest of its kind in Africa, may lead to new treatment possibilities and refined screening methods.
A recent study found that non-white individuals were more likely to test positive for COVID-19, highlighting disparities in testing access and community-level factors. The research also identified differences in the prevalence of novel variants of concern among racial and ethnic minority groups.
A study found that doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP) did not significantly alter the overall composition of gut bacteria in individuals who took it for six months. However, the researchers noted signs of resistance building against tetracycline, a class of antibiotics to which doxycycline belongs.
The study analyzed the genetic profiles of 80,000 people and found that repeat expansion disorders (REDs) are common across different populations. The findings suggest a significant shift in how we think about genetic testing, profiling, and counseling for these conditions.
A new method using shared segments within the genome has identified undiagnosed cases of Long QT syndrome, a rare disorder that can lead to abnormal heart rhythms and sudden cardiac death. The approach was developed by researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center and applied to a DNA biobank to detect carriers of rare disease-ca...
Research finds high levels of inbreeding in Lassen and Sierra Nevada red fox populations, highlighting genetic rescue as a viable option for restoration. The study also reveals the potential for reconnection with neighboring populations to increase adaptive potential.
A recent study by the Wellcome Sanger Institute and GeneDx analyzed nearly 30,000 families with developmental disorders, revealing that known genes explain over 80% of cases caused by recessive genetic variants. The team identified several new genes associated with these conditions, providing answers for previously undiagnosed families...
A recent FAU study reveals that mesophotic corals can replenish declining shallow reef populations with strong genetic connectivity between shallow and deep zones. The research suggests that deeper corals could be a key source of genetic diversity for shallow reefs, providing valuable opportunities for recovery and restoration efforts.
Researchers analyzed DNA in fecal samples to determine the diet of Alaska and southern resident killer whales. They found that both populations prefer salmon, but differ in when they switch to hunting other fish species. The study provides key insights into the delicate balance between regional abundance of different fish species.
A massive genomic survey reveals two distinct lineages of Arctic canids that originated in the northeastern Siberian Arctic generations earlier than thought. Approximately half of all Siberian huskies bred for racing have introgression with European breeds.
A century-old experiment has pinpointed the genes behind barley's adaptability, enabling its continued survival in rapidly changing environments. Researchers identified key genes that enable flowering at optimal times, allowing crops to thrive despite increased temperatures and droughts.
A new study challenges the long-held 'ecocide' theory of Rapanui population collapse by analyzing ancient DNA from 15 individuals. The research found no evidence of a dramatic population collapse in the 1600s, instead revealing a stable and growing population until European contact in the 18th century.
A genome study identifies four European red deer distribution areas with unique genetic characteristics, highlighting the need for conservation policies. The study reveals how thousands of years of migration and isolation shaped the genetic diversity of Iberian red deer.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen reveals that Neanderthals may have gone extinct due to their isolated lifestyle. The discovery of a male Neanderthal remains in southern France supports the hypothesis that small group sizes and limited genetic diversity contributed to their demise.
The kākāpō evolved two color types to avoid detection by Haast's eagle and Eyles' harrier. Genome sequencing shows olive feather coloration emerged around 1.93 million years ago, coinciding with the evolution of these predators.
Researchers from the University of Kansas have identified a new species of fanged frog, Limnonectes cassiopeia, found in the Philippine island of Luzon. The species was overlooked due to its similarity to the well-known Luzon Giant Fanged Frog. Key differences include smaller toe discs and unpigmented toe pads.
Researchers developed MUSCLE, a method that combines single-molecule fluorescence microscopy with next-generation sequencing to profile complex biological processes. The technique enables simultaneous observation of vast arrays of samples, uncovering general trends and dynamic signatures.
A recent study found that 'gene misbehaviour' is a common phenomenon in the healthy human population, with over half of inactive genes showing misexpression. The researchers used advanced techniques to analyze blood samples from 4,568 healthy individuals and identified mechanisms behind these gene activity errors.
Researchers analyzed collision-type mixed ductal-lobular breast cancers and found that IDC and ILC regions had distinct gene expression profiles. The study reveals tremendous variation within this already highly variable disease, highlighting the need for personalized treatments.
A new study published in Aging explores the potential of three large DNA methylation datasets to identify biological age signals in dogs. The researchers found that biological age methylation clocks are affected by population stratification and require heavy parameterization to achieve effective predictions.
A new genetic test has identified a mutation causing progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) in English Shepherd Dogs, allowing breeders to eliminate the disease from their population. The test is available for purchase and will help prevent the disease from being passed on to puppies.
Researchers have successfully designed transmembrane β-barrel pores with custom shapes and properties, enabling miniaturization of sensing and sequencing applications into portable devices. The design method uses computational tools to control the shape and chemistry on a molecular level, resulting in stable and quiet signal generation.
A Mayo Clinic study reveals that current genetic screening protocols fail to detect notable numbers of people carrying hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and Lynch syndrome mutations. The study identified 550 carriers of these mutations, with half being previously unaware of their risk.
Researchers at Texas A&M University uncovered how domestic rabbits become feral in the wild through natural selection. They found that all European, South American, and Oceania rabbits had a mix of feral and domestic DNA, explaining why they quickly adapted to living in the wild.
Researchers discovered a new genetic cause of inherited Parkinson's disease, the CARS E795V mutation, which affects protein function and leads to neurological symptoms. The study found that this rare mutation is responsible for the condition in nine individuals from four families.
A study by University of Alaska Fairbanks researchers found that hatchery-raised fish are interbreeding with wild populations, reducing diversity and increasing resilience. This can have long-term consequences for wild population recruitment and adaptation to future changes.
A study published in Nature used DNA sequencing to identify fungi from air samples worldwide, providing groundbreaking knowledge about their occurrence and seasonal variation. The research aims to predict the fate of fungal species under global change and has significant implications for biomonitoring and biodiversity forecasts.
The Xanthomonas cucurbitae pathogen that causes bacterial spot has remained genetically uniform across the Midwest, with most isolates sharing over 99% identical DNA sequences. This lack of diversification may hinder the pathogen's ability to evolve and could be leveraged for developing disease-resistant crops.
Scientists have mapped over 5,000 genetic variants in the 'tumour protection' gene BAP1 that significantly increase cancer risk. These variants can be used to develop new treatments, including IGF-1 inhibitors, to slow down or prevent cancer progression.
Researchers from Stellenbosch University and citizen mycologists describe two new Psilocybe species, Psilocybe ingeli and Psilocybe maluti, found in southern Africa. The discovery brings the continent's total to six indigenous species, with potential for more undiscovered species.
A genomic analysis of last surviving woolly mammoths on Wrangel Island reveals signs of inbreeding and low genetic diversity, contradicting the idea that they were doomed to extinction. The research suggests that a random event likely led to their demise.
Hybrids between two manakin species in Panama have remained relatively stable over the past 30 years, with minimal changes in genomic markers. The phenotypic transition zone also shows stability, with only one trait having shifted location, suggesting a potential selection for green bellies.
A new study reveals that depression and antidepressant use are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in postmenopausal women. Epigenetic age acceleration, measured by GrimAge DNA methylation age acceleration, partially mediates the relationship between antidepressant use and increased mortality risk.
Researchers developed Epitope Binning-seq to analyze epitopes in monoclonal antibodies. The method accurately classified antibodies into distinct epitope bins, providing valuable insights into their binding patterns and streamlining early antibody drug development.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a new method for target DNA sequence amplification, testing and analysis known as AMPLON. This technique offers an alternative to the previously accepted PCR method, allowing for more applications in medical diagnosis and expanding scientific innovation.
Researchers found metal-tolerant trout populations in British and Irish rivers are genetically distinct due to high levels of metal pollution. The lack of genetic diversity in these populations makes them more susceptible to environmental changes.
Researchers have found that approximately one in 40 human bone marrow cells carry massive chromosomal alterations without causing any apparent disease or abnormality. Cell samples from people over 60 tend to have higher numbers of cells with such genomic alterations, suggesting a possible connection to ageing-related diseases.
Researchers sequenced ancient genomes to understand the genetic composition of western plateau populations over 3,500 years. They found complex interactions between southern and western plateau populations, with Central Asian components introduced around 2,300 years ago.
Researchers evaluated anemia cases using stringent clinical and laboratory criteria, identifying rare congenital sideroblastic anemias and nonsideroblastic iron defects with pathogenic gene mutations. This study highlights the importance of active screening and awareness for these conditions in the Indian subcontinent.
Researchers identified two distinct species of Giant Hummingbirds, differing in their migratory patterns and genomes. The northern population remains in the high Andes year-round, while the southern population migrates up to 14,000 feet for non-breeding months.
A recent study published in Nature reveals a vast DNA tree of life for flowering plants, providing insights into their evolutionary history. The analysis of over 9,500 plant species reveals the rapid development of diversity in ancient times, with key findings supporting the plastid-based phylogenetic classification of angiosperms.
The study reveals that TM4SF19 protein inhibits a pump in lysosomes, impeding macrophage clearance of dead cells. Macrophages lacking TM4SF19 demonstrate enhanced efficacy in clearing dead adipocytes, reducing weight gain and metabolic dysfunction. The findings may open new avenues for treating obesity and related metabolic disorders.
The Hong Kong Biodiversity Genomics Consortium has launched a project to sequence the genomes of its eukaryotic biodiversity, which is rich in species but threatened by climate change. The first five genomes have been published in GigaByte Journal to coincide with International DNA Day.
Researchers analyzed genomes of 363 bird species and found significant variations in cryptochrome 4 gene, indicating adaptation to environmental conditions. This specialization could be related to magnetoreception in migratory birds.
Researchers at Harvard University discover that hybrids between Amazon butterfly species can produce new, genetically distinct species with unique traits. This study challenges the long-held assumption that hybridization inhibits speciation, instead suggesting it can drive the evolution of new lineages.
Researchers found that first-generation, wild-born descendants of hatchery-origin Chinook salmon produced more adult offspring than hatchery-origin salmon, improving reproductive success. This study offers hope for recovering endangered populations using hatchery-origin salmon.
The study charts the family history of Arabica through Earth's heating and cooling periods over the last millennia. The research found that Arabica developed over 600,000 years ago in Ethiopia via natural mating between two other coffee species.
Researchers analyzed a 40-fold high-coverage genome from a historical museum specimen and found no inbreeding or detrimental mutations, indicating the species' ability to adapt to long-term low population size. The study suggests that European colonization was a key factor in the blue antelope's extinction.