Articles tagged with Genetic Analysis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A large-scale genetic analysis of depression identified 178 loci and 223 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with increased depression risk. The study, involving over 1.2 million participants, provides new insights into the biological basis of depression and potential drug repurposing.
Forensic archaeologists from Cranfield University are recovering the bodies of victims executed by the Franco regime during the Spanish Civil War. The team, working with partners and social anthropologists, aims to exhume and identify the remains of 26 people buried in a civil cemetery between 1939-1940.
The American Society of Human Genetics reports that human genetics and genomics contributed $265 billion to the U.S. economy in 2019, with a five-fold increase since 2010. The field is expected to drive significant further growth given new areas of application.
Researchers found that even low levels of lead exposure can cause epigenetic changes, including a decrease in DNA methylation, which may precede cellular disorders. The study suggests that these changes could be an early warning sign of potential health problems, highlighting the need for better public policy to minimize lead exposure.
Research identified specific genetic variants associated with COVID-19 risk, including the ABO gene and others like SLC6A20 and ERMP1. These variants can increase the chances of developing COVID-19, highlighting the importance of genetic factors in disease susceptibility.
A portable, inexpensive testing platform, called PROMPT, can diagnose gonorrhea in under 15 minutes and determine its antibiotic resistance. The device has been shown to be 97% accurate in detecting the most common strain of gonorrhea and 100% accurate in determining its response to ciprofloxacin.
A team of researchers from University of Waterloo and others have identified the remains of Warrant Officer John Gregory using DNA and genealogical analyses. This is the first member of the ill-fated 1845 Franklin expedition to be positively identified through DNA.
The study unravels the evolutionary and genetic origins of flatfish specialized body plan through comparative genomic analysis. Key findings include significant alteration in genes related to visual perception, immune response, and musculature development.
Repetitive sequences on the Y chromosome in male fruit flies become more active and toxic as males age, leading to a shorter lifespan. This study suggests that these repeat sequences can impair memory and cause DNA damage.
A team of scientists compared different methodologies to count African forest elephants, including dung analysis and camera traps. The study found that a new DNA-based method was comparable in accuracy to traditional methods but less expensive on larger scales.
A recent study published in Mutagenesis found that vaping products exhibit little to no DNA damaging potential, contrary to previous concerns. The study used the ToxTracker suite to compare vape e-liquids and aerosols to combustible cigarette smoke, showing significant harm reduction potential for adult smokers
The study provides valuable insights into heart, lung, blood and sleep disorders, shedding light on human evolution and genetic mutation. The analysis identified 400 million genetic variants, with over 78% never described before, offering potential for new treatments and prevention strategies tailored to individual patients.
Genetic sleuthing reveals that Indus and Ganges river dolphins are separate species, differing in tooth count, coloration, growth patterns, and skull shapes. This distinction is crucial for conservation efforts, with only a few thousand individuals remaining, making them critically endangered.
A pilot study from North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found evidence of Bartonella infection in the blood of people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The study suggests a potential link between Bartonella infection and neuropsychiatric disease, particularly schizophrenia.
Scientists have discovered over a dozen gene variants causing the rare eye disease MacTel, which leads to progressive retinal degeneration. The study identifies PHGDH as a key enzyme essential for serine production, whose partial loss contributes to MacTel's development.
The US Navy is developing a virtual reality personality assessment tool to improve recruitment and selection processes. The Manpower and Personnel Assessment Battery (MPAB) will use virtual reality technology, physiological markers, and real-time data analytics to assess applicants' skills and personalities.
A genetic analysis of the ancient massacre in Potočani, Croatia, reveals that 70% of the victims were unrelated, suggesting a large and stable local population. The results indicate that large-scale indiscriminate killing occurred in pre-state societies, challenging previous assumptions about the nature of violence in the past.
A recent study analyzing over 20,000 genomes found similarities and differences in genetic patterns among anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. The research team discovered that while these eating disorders share genetic risk with psychiatric disorders, they differ in their association with body weight regulation.
Researchers found that genes affecting cilia function are linked to diabetes, kidney failure, and liver fibrosis in both rare genetic disorders and the general public. The discovery opens up new possibilities for targeted treatments and gene therapies.
A novel type of organic light-harvesting supramolecule based on DNA is synthesized to improve the quantum efficiency of electron-hole pair production. The supramolecule's 3D structure persists in both liquid and solid phases, outperforming traditional electron donors and acceptors.
A new high-throughput biological assay technique has been developed to systematically analyze the impact of nearly 100,000 genetic variants on transcription factor binding to DNA. The study found that noncoding genetic variant rs7118999 can affect DNA binding with a transcription factor, regulating blood lipid levels in type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found that Huntington's disease worsens due to a degradation of cells' health maintenance systems. The 'Geomic' analysis identified specific gene networks governing molecular pathways that can be targeted to sustain brain cell health.
Researchers from the University of Helsinki have identified over 70 new species of jelly lichens in East African mountain forests. The study reveals that many previously thought to be single species are actually distinct entities with narrow ranges, significantly increasing the genus diversity of Leptogium.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center developed a mathematical model to assess the clinical sensitivity of various COVID-19 test kits. The study found significant variations in test accuracy, with some assays missing up to 60% of positive cases.
A large-scale genetic analysis found specific biological mechanisms contributing to muscle weakness in older adults, with diseases like osteoarthritis and diabetes playing a significant role. The study identified 15 areas of the genome associated with muscle weakness, highlighting potential therapeutic interventions for prevention.
A new study from the University of East Anglia suggests that genetic testing before prescribing common medicines could benefit four million UK patients annually, leading to better patient outcomes and reduced hospital visits. The testing process is simple and cost-effective, making it a promising technology for the NHS.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have found that genetic motifs, patterns and combinations of DNA's molecular building blocks, determine the quantity of gene expression. This discovery, using supercomputers and AI, could shed new light on cancer and improve pharmaceutical development.
Researchers identified key gene networks controlling sugar and organic acid metabolism in watermelon fruit, shedding light on its sensory quality. The study's findings have important implications for improving watermelon breeding levels in China and the development of the watermelon industry.
Researchers have developed a new statistical method called Sum-Share that exponentially increases the ability to discover genetic insights. The method uses summary-level data from multiple sites to generate significant insights, outperforming existing methods in detecting genetic variations associated with cardiovascular conditions.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science developed a strategy to identify criminals from a single strand of hair, leveraging the composition of hair dye products. They employed surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis to distinguish between different dyes applied to individual strands of hog hair.
Researchers successfully identified all fish species in the ponds, demonstrating high accuracy of non-invasive eDNA approach. Strong positive correlations were found between eDNA quantity and actual fish biomass and abundance, paving the way for step change in future species monitoring programmes.
A comprehensive analysis of proteins, genes, and RNA transcription in pediatric brain tumors has provided new understanding of these tumors. The study identified two distinct subgroups of pediatric craniopharyngioma with potential therapeutic avenues for treatment.
Researchers have developed a predictive model to guide plant breeders in selecting suitable corn varieties based on genomic analysis. The study focused on predicting eight corn traits using shoot apical meristem (SAM) analysis, achieving accuracy ranging from 37% to 57% across the eight traits studied.
The study analyzed a microarray dataset to identify differentially expressed genes in dilated cardiomyopathy, revealing 172 genes involved in various biological processes. The authors identified hub protein modules and key genes, including DLD and UQCRC2, which suggest potential therapeutic targets for the disease.
A new primate species, the Popa langur, has been discovered in central Myanmar, with only 200-250 individuals remaining due to habitat loss and hunting. Genetic analysis reveals it separated from known species around 1 million years ago.
Researchers found that the CRELD1 gene helps maintain immune function, and its low activity is linked to reduced T cell counts and increased risk of infections. The study aims to slow down immunological aging, potentially reducing illness risk in seniors.
A study found that DSCR-1 suppresses oxidized LDL cholesterol production and angiogenic signaling, protecting against corneal opacity. High DSCR-1 expression also reduced vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and hypertension.
Researchers discovered that clonal hematopoiesis, a phenomenon where non-cancer DNA mutations are present in blood plasma, is confounding prostate cancer liquid biopsy results. This can lead to false positives and incorrect treatment for patients undergoing liquid biopsies.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute have developed a synthetic DNA vaccine against Powassan virus, which causes a deadly tick-borne disease with neurological consequences. The vaccine elicits broad immune responses in mice and provides protection in a challenge animal model.
The study analyzed over 591,000 chemical-gene interactions and found that almost every well-known molecular pathway is sensitive to chemicals to a certain degree. The researchers identified genes and pathways most sensitive to chemical exposures, including aging, lipid metabolism, and autoimmune disease.
A new DNA test developed by Flinders University can accurately determine the legal status of seized ivory samples, even in highly degraded state. The technique has shown 100% identification accuracy and correct assignment in the legal status of 227 highly degraded ivories.
The NanDeSyn Database collects and integrates functional genomics data for industrial microalgae, including genome sequences, gene annotations, and transcriptomes. This will facilitate research cooperation among the global Nannochloropsis community to develop the microalgae as a chassis for photosynthetic production of oils.
A new analysis found that the critically endangered vaquita remains genetically healthy despite its low population numbers. The study suggests that the species' ability to survive at low numbers is not doomed to extinction and gives hope for conservation efforts.
A study analyzing ancient DNA from Tibetan Plateau remains found that prehistoric bovids were genetically similar to modern Asian wild gaurs and diverged approximately 18,000 years ago. Rhinoceroses roamed the region between 8,000 to 6,000 years ago, suggesting a warm and moist environment at the time.
Researchers found genes involved in sensory perception showed accelerated evolution, including those for light perception, dim-light vision, and retina development. The study also identified 32 genes related to DNA packaging and chromosome condensation, which may enable owls to channel light more efficiently.
Researchers have developed a blood test that uses cell-free DNA to predict pregnancy complications such as ischemic placental disease and gestational diabetes. The study found that certain genetic signatures in the mother's blood during the first trimester can indicate these serious complications.
Rover Diagnostics' affordable and portable point-of-care test provides reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results in eight minutes, faster than any other test of its kind. The platform is designed to be targeted at locations where rapid turnaround results are important.
A study of 45,000 healthy adults found associations between 160 genes and brain shrinkage in the cortex, a dimply outer layer of the brain. The findings may lead to new targets for developing drugs to intervene before disease symptoms appear.
A genetic analysis of over 850,000 Europeans found a link between obesity-related genes and an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Obesity was shown to be associated with a higher risk of rheumatoid arthritis for both men and women.
A team of entomologists from St. Petersburg State University has discovered a new species of tropical Heteroptera, Tatupa grafei, characterized by its golden color and distinctive long antennae. The discovery sheds light on the biodiversity of the island of Borneo and highlights the importance of preserving these unique organisms.
Researchers found that irisin altered the expression of genes regulating ACE-2, a key protein in viral entry. Irisin also tripled levels of TRIB3 transcription, which has been linked to lower replication of SARS-CoV-2. The study suggests irisin's therapeutic potential for COVID-19 treatment.
A study found genetic variants associated with a dental anomaly and smaller body size in dogs, particularly in toy breeds. These variants affect the processing of growth hormone and RNA enzymes, leading to reduced height and weight.
Scientists have identified a novel R gene in a diploid wild potato that confers high resistance to the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, the causative agent of late blight. This discovery provides new resources for breeding improved potato varieties and offers insights into the mechanisms underlying plant immunity.
Researchers have confirmed that variants in the LMNB1 gene cause syndromic microcephaly by disrupting the nuclear envelope, leading to misshapen nuclei and impaired function. The study highlights a new genetic cause of congenital abnormalities and broadens the understanding of laminopathies.
KAUST scientists propose a roadmap for molecular ecologists, policymakers, and stakeholders to collaborate on DNA-based approaches for marine monitoring. DNA barcoding and metabarcoding can save time and money by identifying species from small DNA fragments.
Domestic horses probably did not originate in Anatolia, according to a new study of ancient horse remains. The researchers found that nonlocal genetic lineages appeared suddenly in about 2000 BCE, suggesting an origin in nearby Black Sea regions.
Researchers at Colorado State University found a genetic mutation associated with dogs having hypothyroidism being less likely to develop T-zone lymphoma. The study suggests that a region of chromosome 8 linked to thyroid hormone regulation may play a crucial role in the development of the disease.
The Australian labradoodle breed is primarily composed of poodle genetics, with smaller contributions from Labrador retrievers and spaniels. This study's findings suggest that selective breeding for a poodle-like coat has led to the development of hypoallergenic traits in the breed.
The GTEx project reveals population-specific and sex-specific differences in gene expression that can inform how gene variants impact aging and disease. The findings highlight the importance of accounting for sex differences and individual variation in future studies.
Researchers discovered dodder plants synchronize flowering with host plants by eavesdropping on their FT signaling protein. This unique behavior allows dodders to thrive by parasitizing diverse hosts without fixed flowering times.