Articles tagged with Plasma Cells
Researchers at the Wyss Institute developed DoriVac, a DNA nanotechnology-enabled vaccine platform that induces broad immunity against infectious viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, HIV, and Ebola. The platform produces potent antigen-specific immune responses and is more stable and easier to manufacture than traditional vaccine platforms.
Researchers reprogrammed the epigenetic code to affect tumour growth and survival in multiple myeloma. This study presents a comprehensive map of epigenetic alterations in multiple myeloma, highlighting site-specific increases in DNA and protein methylation that control gene activity.
A new DNA-based blood test using PhasED-Seq technology detects minimal residual disease (MRD) in B-cell malignancies, offering a powerful tool for early detection and monitoring treatment response. The assay demonstrates exceptional performance and high accuracy in detecting cancer cells in the bloodstream.
Castleman disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder with overlapping features with reactive and neoplastic diseases. The condition is characterized by vascularized regressed follicles and fibrotic stroma, and diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical, laboratory, and histological findings.
Researchers found that NSD2 helps maintain MM cell identity by reorganizing DNA and influencing gene activity. This discovery could shape future treatment approaches for patients with t(4;14) myeloma.
A recent study published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine reveals that plasma cells are programmed from birth to migrate to protected sites in the body, where they produce large amounts of antibodies. High expression of integrin β7 is an excellent marker for these cells' ability to home to the bone marrow.
A study found that MAGE-4 drives the accumulation of plasma immune cells suppressing antitumor immunity in mouse and human non-small cell lung cancer models. The protein promotes tumor progression by losing a tumor suppressor gene, PTEN, accelerating development into metastasis.
Researchers developed engineered plasma B cells that produce large quantities of bispecific antibodies to target leukemia. These cells demonstrated sustained antitumor activity comparable to blinatumomab and may provide a long-term solution for cancer treatment.
Researchers identify key proteins and signaling pathways for personalized treatment, enabling early detection of aggressive tumors. The study provides a crucial resource for developing new therapies and tests to guide treatment.
Researchers found decreased BMAd density and altered distribution profile in MGUS patients who developed MM, indicating early changes in bone marrow adipose tissue. These findings suggest the potential for timely interventions and personalized treatment strategies.
Researchers review current treatment updates for systemic light chain (AL) amyloidosis, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and effective maintenance therapy. The article discusses the relationship between AL amyloidosis and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), emphasizing the importance of regular monitoring.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new method called pharmacoscopy to test treatment options for multiple myeloma patients. This high-throughput screening platform analyzes the reactions of cancer cells to various treatments, offering personalized therapeutic strategies.
Two novel genetically defined mouse models replicate two subtypes of human multiple myeloma, revealing the interaction of genetic aberrations as a key factor in development. The models will aid in identifying specific therapeutic strategies for individualized treatment.
Researchers developed a cancer-selective therapeutic agent that targets cancer cells' unique acidic pH microenvironment, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and killing only cancer cells. The agent, Mito-SA, forms charge-shielded nano-assemblies that selectively disassemble in the tumoral environment.
A study by Osaka University tracked the survival of antibody-producing plasma cells, finding that most die shortly after immune response, but a small population can survive for months or years. The researchers identified molecular markers distinguishing these long-lived plasma cells from short-lived ones.
Researchers found that overexpressing matriptase reduced myeloma cell proliferation and inhibited migration. Matriptase also blocked Src kinase activation, supporting its potential as a tumor suppressor in multiple myeloma. The study provides new insights into the role of matriptase in hematological malignancies.
Idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy (IPL) has been confirmed as a distinct clinicopathologically uniform disease, which can be reclassified into an independent subtype of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD). IPL showed greater plasmacytosis and hyperplastic germinal centers compared to non-IPL groups.
A Monash University research team has discovered how immune memory cells are stored in the bone marrow after vaccination. Long-lived plasma cells accumulate at a constant rate from early in an immune response and can persist for decades, providing ongoing protection against disease.
A large randomized clinical trial demonstrated Octagam 10% as an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment option for adult dermatomyositis patients. The study showed improved outcomes in patients with this rare disease, providing a much-needed treatment alternative.
A new study provides valuable insights into the roles of B cells and plasma cells in early-stage lung cancer biology, highlighting their influence on tumor development and treatment outcomes. The research also reveals environmental factors and molecular features that contribute to the landscape of infiltrating immune cells.
Analyzing patient plasma is less risky than traditional tissue biopsies, providing similar molecular information for treatment decisions. The study found high-resolution gene profiles and estrogen receptor binding patterns in cfDNA, paving the way for new therapies and predictive models.
Researchers have found that high levels of iron can generate toxic free radicals, which damage lipids and ultimately lead to cell death. The team is exploring the use of compounds like JKE-1674 to induce ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells, making them more vulnerable to treatment.
Researchers have found a new approach to treat cancer by using plasma treatment, which induces apoptosis in cancer cells without harming normal cells. The equivalent total oxidation potential (ETOP) has been defined as a plasma dose, providing a dose-response relationship for different cell types.
A third dose of COVID-19 vaccine significantly increases immune responses in patients with multiple myeloma, but a subset remains vulnerable. The study found that 88% of patients developed antibodies after the third dose, leading to improved neutralization of the wild-type virus.
A new study by Dr. Brian Stansfield and Dr. Jessica Gancar found a clear linear relationship between mortality and red blood cell transfusion volume in newborns on ECMO, with a 14% decrease in survival chances for every transfusion. The study suggests that reducing transfusion volumes may improve outcomes.
Sophie Paczesny's research aims to validate biomarker panels that help doctors predict chronic GVHD risk and adjust immune suppression treatments accordingly. The study uses machine learning algorithms to analyze stored plasma and blood cell samples from over 1,300 BMT recipients.
Researchers found that CD4+ T lymphocytes — immune system cells — produced by people who received COVID-19 vaccines persisted at high levels six months after vaccination, with a significant response against the delta variant. The study also showed that vaccine-elicited fighters recognize and help attack coronavirus delta variant.
Researchers will focus on understanding the disease, identifying B cell characteristics and plasma cells that create attacking antibodies. The study aims to enhance knowledge of SLE pathogenesis and differences in clinical manifestations, outcomes, and therapeutic responses.
Researchers analyzed plasma and single immune cells from nearly 200 COVID-19 patients and found metabolic changes associated with disease severity. The study's findings could lead to better therapies targeting immune-metabolic changes in severe disease cases.
A monoclonal antibody targeting plasmacytoid dendritic cells has shown promise in reducing cutaneous lupus symptoms. The treatment, VIB7734, significantly reduced pDC frequencies and type 1 interferon activity in patients with autoimmune diseases.
A new study discovered that Black men's tumors have a higher proportion of plasma cells, which correlates with improved cancer survival after surgery. This finding suggests that plasma cells may be key drivers of prostate cancer immune-responsiveness and could lead to personalized treatment options for men of all races.
A $2.25 million NIH grant is helping scientists understand the ufmylation pathway, which modifies proteins and cell function, in developing effective vaccines against influenza and other diseases. The research aims to optimize antibody production by selective upward adjustment of ufmylation in key cells.
Researchers at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) successfully treat two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus using daratumumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting plasma cells. The treatment resulted in sustainable clinical responses and reduced systemic inflammation.
Researchers found that flu vaccines induce short-lived bone marrow plasma cells, which decline to pre-vaccination levels within a year. The study suggests that the longevity of flu vaccines can be improved by enhancing the persistence of these cells.
A recent study by Monash University suggests that components within vaccines can play a major role in aiding the lifespan of individual plasma cells. This understanding could lead to the development of more effective vaccines.
Researchers at Hospital for Special Surgery have discovered a molecule in the lymphatic system that may play a role in autoimmune disease. The study found that this molecule, CCL2, limits antibody responses and can help regulate immune cell function.
Researchers identified a mutation responsible for destabilizing light chains, leading to the formation of deadly amyloid fibrils. The study provides new insights into the disease and potential diagnostic methods.
Researchers developed a microfluidic device with tiny pillars to capture malignant plasma cells from blood samples. The device shows great potential as an early detection or monitoring tool for MM disease progression.
Researchers at Seattle Children's have successfully engineered human B cells to produce therapeutic proteins, opening the door for a novel cell therapy. The B cells can survive indefinitely in models, offering a potential advantage over other treatments.
Current diagnostic criteria do not account for differences in kappa and lambda light chains, leading to missed diagnoses and false positives. The researchers propose new criteria that take into account the varying levels of these light chains to improve accuracy and detect cases of lambda-associated lesions.
Researchers have identified a key pathway, ufmylation, that regulates plasma cell development and antibody production. By targeting this pathway, scientists hope to develop more effective vaccines and treatments for autoimmune diseases like lupus and arthritis.
Gut immune cells, specifically plasma cells producing Immunoglobulin A antibodies, migrate to the central nervous system and produce an anti-inflammatory effect during MS flare-ups. Increasing these cells blocks inflammation entirely in a preclinical model of the disease.
Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science have created a new method to sequence individual cells from patient blood or bone marrow, capturing specific gene programs active in each cell. This allows for more precise diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma by identifying unique genetic blueprints for each patient.
A team of Osaka University researchers identified a specific subset of B cells with higher affinity that preferentially commit to plasma cell fate. The study suggests that stable Tfh-GC B cell contacts are key for plasma cell-prone GC cell formation, providing valuable insights for vaccine development.
A study published in Immunity reveals that T follicular helper cells play a crucial role in determining the fate of B cells, with stronger interactions leading to plasma B cell formation. The researchers identified a subset of B cells expressing IRF4 and CD69 as precursors to plasma B cells.
A study of US hospital inpatient discharges from 1993 to 2014 found a decrease in red blood cell and plasma transfusions between 2011 and 2014. This trend may be attributed to the implementation of restrictive transfusion practices aimed at improving patient outcomes and conserving blood.
Researchers at the University of Konstanz have successfully prevented chronic antibody-mediated organ rejection in a rat model using immunoproteasome inhibition with the selective inhibitor ONX 0914. This approach reduces activated plasma cells producing allo-antibodies and leads to improved renal function.
Researchers at CNIC reveal CTCF's crucial role in antibody generation and germinal center formation, shedding light on the immune response mechanisms. The study highlights the importance of CTCF for maintaining proper immune function and has implications for vaccine research.
A novel treatment has been successfully used to treat patients with a rare disorder that causes kidney failure, allowing targeted elimination of abnormal proteins and improving kidney function. The treatment, Daratumumab, targets plasma cell clones in the bone marrow, offering a new way to specifically treat the problem.
Engineers at MIT have developed a microfluidic technique to capture and count circulating plasma cells from small samples of blood, potentially providing a less painful test for multiple myeloma. The device uses conventional blood draws and can detect the ratio of different antibodies produced by cancerous and healthy cells.
Researchers developed a new way to visualize cholesterol distribution on cells and tissues using NanoSIMS imaging. The study found that accessible cholesterol is highly enriched on microvilli, supporting the idea that they play a role in regulating cholesterol production and unload surplus cholesterol.
Research reveals that regulatory T cells interact with and support the survival of plasma cells, a crucial component of the immune system. The interaction is essential for maintaining plasma cells, which produce antibodies against previously encountered pathogens or vaccines.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a cold plasma-activated Ringer's solution that exhibits anti-tumor effects, attributed to the lactate component. The solution triggers cell death through increased intracellular hydrogen peroxide levels, suggesting a potential specific tumor therapy.
Early findings suggest carfilzomib may provide improved reduction of antibodies in potential kidney transplant candidates with reduced side effects. The study's preliminary data show antibody reductions between 31 to 100 percent in the first group of six patients.
Scientists at Tohoku University found that discharge plasma increases calcium ion influx through TRP channels, triggering cell activities like gene transfection and wound healing. This breakthrough may contribute to developing more efficient plasma medicine treatments.
A lamprey monoclonal antibody specifically targets human plasma cells, exhibiting potential for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications in treating multiple myeloma. This unique tool offers new avenues for research into plasma cell disorders.
A study published in JAMA Oncology found that Vietnam veterans exposed to Agent Orange have a higher prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), a precursor to multiple myeloma. The study suggests an association between Agent Orange exposure and the development of plasma cell disorders.
Researchers have discovered a subset of plasma cells in the bone marrow that serve as an immune archive, preserving a catalog of how the body responded to measles and mumps viruses in childhood. These long-lived cells can provide valuable insights for vaccine designers aiming to create long-lasting antibodies.
Researchers identified a protein called Myb that creates long-term immunity by preserving antibody-producing plasma cells in the bone marrow. The discovery could lead to developing lasting immunity against diseases like malaria.
A mechanism regulating plasma cell lifespan has been elucidated, identifying a promising new biomarker sBCMA for monitoring autoimmune diseases. The study shows that BCMA shedding is correlated with disease severity in multiple sclerosis and lupus patients.