Articles tagged with Adults
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research by University of Notre Dame professors Darcia Narvaez and colleagues found that childhood experiences meeting evolved needs lead to better outcomes in adulthood. Adults who received more physical affection, playful interactions, and supportive care had lower depression and anxiety, greater empathy, and improved moral capacities.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center found stronger DMN connectivity in individuals at high familial risk for depression. The study suggests that this increased connectivity may be a precursor, or biomarker, indicating a risk of developing major depressive disorder.
A new study investigates the relationships between genetic background, physical activity level, and lifespan. The findings reveal that same genetic factors affect physical activity level, aerobic capacity, and lifespan in both animal models and human twins. Voluntary running improved glucose metabolism but did not increase lifespan in ...
A Sam Houston State University study found that children of incarcerated mothers are more likely to experience attachment disruptions, separation anxiety, and depression. The study also showed a significant link between maternal incarceration and adult offspring's involvement in the criminal justice system.
A new study estimates that up to 50% of children in Lesotho live in households with someone infected or are orphaned due to HIV/AIDS. The research highlights the substantial number of children affected by HIV-infected adults, often living with parents who are infected, and emphasizes the need for distinct care and outreach efforts.
A new theoretical model suggests that investing too much in backup plans can create a self-fulfilling prophecy, where individuals are more likely to use well-developed backup plans and less likely to invest in their primary goal. This can lead to reduced success and motivation.
A new study from the University of Michigan found adults with cerebral palsy are at a higher risk of developing secondary chronic health conditions. The research team analyzed data from over 207,000 adults and found that those with cerebral palsy were up to five times more likely to have conditions like diabetes and hypertension.
A new study by Georgia State University researchers found that combining two blood sugar tests can detect prediabetes more accurately in children and adults. This could help reduce the burden on the US healthcare system, projected to grow to 39 million cases of type 2 diabetes by 2050.
Research from North Carolina State University finds that over 40% of young adults receive financial support from their parents, even after living independently. Attending college makes them more likely to become financially independent, but those from higher backgrounds may be stuck in partial independence forever.
Research published in Circulation found adults with congenital heart defects to be at substantially higher risk of experiencing a stroke, especially before age 55. Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes were the most prevalent types.
Two studies examined long-term outcomes in childhood and young adult cancer survivors, finding increased hospitalization rates for certain types of cancer. Long-term survivors also faced a higher risk of neurocognitive impairment, particularly those with osteosarcoma.
A recent US study found that some adult smokers who quit within the last year used e-cigarettes as a quitting aid. The study analyzed data from the 2014 National Health Interview Survey and found that nearly half of daily cigarette smokers have ever tried e-cigarettes. Daily e-cigarette use was more common among adults over age 25 than...
A new guideline updates previous guidance on treating acne in children and adults, emphasizing early diagnosis, active lesion treatment, and prevention of sequelae. The guideline recommends targeted treatments for three types of acne presentations, including comedonal, mild-to-moderate papulopustular, and severe inflammatory acne.
A University of Virginia psychology study shows that apologies are crucial even in childhood, repairing relationships despite not easing hurt feelings. Children who received an apology shared more stickers and felt better when helped rebuild a knocked-over tower.
A new study found that most seasonal allergy sufferers take over-the-counter medications rather than prescribed treatments, despite being more satisfied with these options. The survey also revealed children are more likely to receive care from allergists and be on prescription medication compared to adults.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet identified a hormonal mechanism explaining why women with PCOS are more likely to develop mental health issues. The study found that excessive testosterone exposure during fetal development can lead to anxiety-like behavior in both male and female offspring.
A study by Eric J. Peng found that each extra inch of adult height correlates with an average increase in yearly income, with men earning $1,660 more per year for every inch above 64 inches and women earning $1,186 more per year for every inch above 59 inches.
A Duke University study found that early childhood stress can lead to a reduced response to rewards in adulthood, which may contribute to an increased risk of depression and other mental health problems. The research used fMRI scans to examine brain activity in adults who were closely monitored from kindergarten onwards.
A new study by King's College London researchers provides the first clinical evidence on the mental health impact of human trafficking, finding high levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among patients. The study reveals complex needs of trafficked individuals, including childhood abuse and adulthood trauma.
Research published in Heliyon found that women born in summer months were more likely to be healthy adults, with slightly higher birth weights and later onset of puberty. This effect is thought to be linked to increased vitamin D exposure during pregnancy, which can influence childhood growth and development.
A UK-based study has found that babies born underweight or overweight are more likely to experience hearing and vision problems in adulthood. Better childhood growth, as measured by adult height, is associated with improved sensory function, highlighting the importance of prenatal care.
A recent study highlights the importance of in-person social connections for preventing depression in older adults. Individuals without regular face-to-face interactions had a significantly higher risk of developing depressive symptoms.
The Disney Research app uses augmented reality to turn coloring books into a 3D experience, increasing motivation and connection in children. The app accurately colors the 3D character based on the user's coloring, creating an illusion of real-time application.
A new study from Aarhus University reveals that low birth weight is associated with low levels of social trust in adulthood, while high birth weight is linked to high levels of trust. The researchers suggest that factors linked to the embryonic stage, such as nutrition and environment, may play a role in shaping adult behavior.
A 45-year study found that persistent childhood stress is associated with a higher risk of heart disease and diabetes later in life. Childhood distress, even when conditions improve in adulthood, was also linked to increased cardiometabolic risk.
A new study of young adults with childhood-onset epilepsy found no lasting association between epilepsy and psychiatric disorders. The study, published in Epilepsia, followed 257 young adults since their epilepsy onset for approximately 15 years.
A new model proposes that Darwinius, the famous primate fossil, shares more in common with modern lemurs than previously thought. The study re-examined the interpretation of Darwinius based on its dental eruption sequence, finding it had a similar pattern to that of lemurs.
Participants focused on inherent traits, rather than external factors, as explanations for wealth disparities. Simple explanations can alleviate feelings of uncertainty and anxiety, leading people to see societal disparities as fair.
A new study has found that children with coeliac disease react to the same key toxic proteins in gluten as adults, suggesting a potential breakthrough in treatments. The research supports the use of existing treatments and diagnostic tests for adults with coeliac disease for children.
A recent study has found that preterm birth is associated with lower academic abilities in childhood and lower educational attainment in adulthood, leading to less wealth. The research also showed that the effects of prematurity on math abilities can last into the fifth decade of life.
A recent study by the University of Warwick found a significant link between premature birth and decreased intelligence, reading, and mathematical ability in adulthood. The research also highlighted an impact on earnings into adulthood, with preterm-born individuals more likely to be manual workers or have lower family incomes.
A 15-year analysis by the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health reveals that young adults who spend more hours watching television each day are more likely to have a higher body mass index (BMI) and bigger waist circumference. This association did not hold in later years, indicating that targeting young adults for i...
A new study suggests that maintaining close relationships with peers in adolescence can have long-term benefits for adult physical health. The research found that both high-quality friendships and a drive to fit in with peers were associated with lower anxiety, depressive symptoms, and improved overall health.
Research suggests tropical songbirds invest more resources in their offspring, leading to higher survival rates, whereas temperate species prioritize quantity over quality due to high mortality rates among young adults.
A new study found that higher-quality romantic relationships are associated with fewer psychosocial difficulties across adolescence and young adulthood. The quality of the relationship, not just having one, is key to better psychosocial adjustment.
New research finds mothers of seriously ill adult children give more instrumental and expressive support than expected, while their healthy children provide mostly comfort and encouragement. The study suggests that healthy children need to step up and provide more support to their elderly mothers during this challenging time.
A new study reveals that infant marmosets develop vocalizations influenced by cues from caregivers, suggesting a potential key to understanding human-like vocal development in primates. The research found a strong correlation between parental responses and the timing of the cries-to-phees transition.
Carnegie Mellon psychologists discover that more familiar chunks facilitate learning and reduce working memory consumption. This finding has implications for teaching methods and understanding children's working memory capabilities.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that adult IQ of very premature babies can be predicted when they are just two years old. The research team led by Professor Dieter Wolke assessed 200 children born with low birth weight or very premature birth and compared their cognitive function to a control group of full-term babies.
Researchers are developing child-sized exoskeletons that will be customized and designed to grow as the child grows, helping them walk independently. The devices aim to ease conditions such as skeletal deformities caused by immobile bodies, while also being fun and interactive for children.
A new study from the University of Toronto found that adults with ulcerative colitis were twice as likely to have childhood physical or sexual abuse, with one-quarter reporting physical abuse and one-fifth reporting sexual abuse. The study also found no association between childhood maltreatment and Crohn's disease.
Research by the University of Liverpool found that those who recognize they are overweight are more likely to experience weight gain than those unaware of their weight status. This is due to increased overeating in response to stress, making it challenging to adopt healthier lifestyles.
Researchers found that marriage leads to a dramatic decrease in heavy drinking among young adults, particularly those with severe drinking issues. This 'marriage effect' may be due to role-incompatibility theory, which suggests that individuals must adapt their behavior to meet the demands of new roles like marriage.
Research published in Archives of Disease in Childhood found that premature birth is associated with a distinct personality profile characterized by introversion, neuroticism, and risk aversion. Adults born prematurely scored higher on these traits compared to those born at term, even after adjusting for lower intelligence.
Research suggests that adults born very premature are more likely to display autistic features, neuroticism, introversion and decreased risk taking. This can lead to difficulties in social relationships with peers, friends and partners.
Researchers found a molecular clue to aging in transparent roundworm C. elegans, discovering that adult cells begin their downhill slide when an animal reaches reproductive maturity. The study suggests that a genetic switch is responsible for turning off cell stress responses, starting the decline of adult animals.
Researchers at Cardiff University have identified a critical function of the DISC-1 gene that plays a crucial role in brain development and plasticity. The study reveals a vulnerable period in early brain development where failure to bind with specific molecules leads to irreversible effects on later-life plasticity.
A new study reveals that young people with autism are struggling to find and keep jobs, with only 47% securing employment after receiving vocational services. Experts emphasize the importance of vocational counseling, guidance, and coordination between high schools and rehabilitation systems to support this growing population.
A joint association between low birth weight and unhealthy lifestyle in adulthood increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. Research suggests that adopting a healthy lifestyle can prevent most cases of this condition.
Children with childhood psychiatric problems face higher risks of adverse outcomes in adulthood, including health, legal, and social issues. Even subthreshold symptoms can increase the risk of adult problems, highlighting the need for early intervention to reduce distress and promote optimal outcomes.
A study from Duke University found that children with even mild psychiatric issues are more likely to face challenges in adulthood, including criminal charges, addictions, and education failures. The research suggests that early interventions can prevent these problems, but many children do not receive the necessary treatment.
According to new research, millennials are more accepting of working mothers and traditional gender roles compared to gen xers. A growing minority still holds onto traditional gender-based views. The study found that support for working mothers increased significantly over the years.
Researchers found that early-age exercise in mice had positive effects on adult levels of voluntary exercise, including a reduction in body mass. The study suggests that early-life exercise may increase the likelihood of adults engaging in regular physical activity.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry reveals longitudinal brain changes in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during late adolescence and young adulthood. The research found that these individuals experienced an exaggeration of normal cortical thinning, which wa...
A University of Pennsylvania study found a 3-5% reduction in recidivism among juvenile offenders processed as adults for felony drug offenses. This suggests that processing these juveniles in the adult system may not uniformly increase offending and may actually reduce it in some circumstances.
A University of Illinois study finds that developing relationships with young adults and modeling professional behaviors can improve their leadership development. By establishing mentorship opportunities, businesses can help emerging adults grow into confident leaders.
A University of Houston study found that sport facilitates a smoother transition to retirement by providing community, self-confidence, and physical activity. This can lead to a more positive adjustment to retirement changes.
A large study found that teenagers who experienced frequent bullying were more than twice as likely to develop depression later in life. The study analyzed data from over 3,800 participants and suggested that antibullying interventions at school may help reduce depression in later years.
A longitudinal study found that chronic gamblers are more likely to experience depressive problems, with 73% of those with significant gambling issues also suffering from depression. Early prevention programs targeting impulsive individuals and poor relationships with friends may help prevent these issues.
Research on face perception in Japanese children aged 8-13 years reveals that it almost matures by age 13, significantly earlier than previously observed in Western children. This study utilized EEG to analyze the N170 component and found significant differences between Japanese and Western children in terms of latency and peak detection.