Articles tagged with Nuclear Power
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
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Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A high-radiation-tolerance GaN detector was fabricated to enable real-time two-dimensional position detection of individual alpha particles and xenon heavy ions. The detector exhibited stable operation at radiation levels significantly higher than those tolerated by conventional Si-based detectors.
A new study by MIT researchers and their collaborators at national laboratories quantifies I-129 release under three different scenarios: direct disposal in deep underground repositories, dilution and release, and filters to capture I-129. France's practice of reprocessing releases 90% of I-129 into the biosphere, while U.S. approach l...
MIT engineers have developed a novel palladium membrane that remains stable at high temperatures, enabling more energy-efficient and cheaper production of hydrogen fuel. The new design allows for the separation of hydrogen from gas mixtures at much higher temperatures than conventional membranes.
Researchers found little evidence of disproportionate siting in Black counties, but a growing share of the Black population over time. Long-term demographic shifts after power plant openings led to higher Black population shares, with an average rise of 4% in 50-70 years.
Researchers developed a technique to monitor corrosion and cracking in nuclear reactors using real-time 3D imaging. By directly imaging material failure processes, scientists can design safer reactors that deliver higher performance.
Researchers are developing a new system to use nuclear waste to produce valuable tritium, which could power over 500,000 homes for six months. The system uses a particle accelerator to jump-start atom-splitting reactions in the waste, producing more tritium than traditional fusion reactors.
Researchers from Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) have set a new temperature record for testing materials in high-pressure environments. The team successfully achieved unprecedented conditions of 1,150 degrees Celsius at 300 bar using a modified autoclave setup.
A new energy model reveals a striking similarity in all scenarios: the inevitable transition to renewable energy. However, achieving rapid cuts necessary to meet 1.5°C targets poses a challenge, with a potential 20-30 year gap between demand and supply.
Researchers from the University of Tokyo have verified the impact of neutron radiation on concrete expansion, finding a 'flux effect' that reduces degradation. This discovery may allow nuclear power plants to operate more safely over longer periods.
Four University of Michigan projects aim to improve the monitoring of nuclear reactors during operation, explore advanced reactor designs, develop ethical siting guidelines for nuclear facilities, and upgrade a facility for studying radiation damage. These initiatives may lead to safer and more efficient nuclear energy production.
Researchers at MIT and Commonwealth Fusion Systems confirm their high-temperature superconducting magnet design meets the criteria for a compact fusion power plant. The successful test marks a significant milestone in fusion research, with the potential to usher in an era of virtually limitless power production.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a method to accurately measure and predict neutron-induced transmutation, which can make nuclear waste more stable. This technique could lead to improved nuclear waste treatment facilities and new theories about the creation of heavier elements in the universe.
A recent MIT study finds that shutting down nuclear power could significantly increase air pollution, with up to 5,200 premature deaths estimated. The study reveals that fossil fuel sources would fill the gap, leading to increased health risks, especially for Black or African American communities.
A study by Ritsumeikan University researchers analyzed the life cycle assessment of nuclear power generation, revealing varying TMR coefficients across different mining methods and fuel cycles. The results show that nuclear power generates similar natural resources as renewable energy, significantly less than thermal power.
A new study by UC Berkeley scientists finds that solar photovoltaics can provide sufficient power for extended Mars missions, outperforming nuclear fusion reactors in over 50% of the planet's surface. This breakthrough provides a more practical solution for long-term human settlements on Mars.
New research suggests nuclear power can provide low-cost energy and replace natural gas as a backup source, enabling faster decarbonization in countries with poor wind resources. The analysis found that nuclear is the cheapest way to eliminate all electricity-system carbon emissions nearly everywhere.
A team from UNIGE and Empa recommends a domestic generation mix of wind and photovoltaic energy to reduce Switzerland's contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions. The scenario would enable the country to reduce its footprint by an estimated 45%.
A study of 126 nations suggests that many lack the economic and institutional quality to deploy nuclear power, despite rising demand for low-carbon electricity. Countries like Malaysia and Qatar demonstrated above-median performance, while others require improved governance structures.
A newly published IAEA report outlines the benefits of wireless technology in nuclear power plants, enabling safe remote monitoring and reducing risks. Wireless devices act as sensors to monitor process conditions, preventing potential accidents and promoting reliable operation.
A new paper evaluates the PJM Interconnection, finding that extreme temperatures affect generator output and capacity requirements. Monthly procurement targets can reduce reserve margins and economic costs.
A new study found no link between countries' frequency of natural disasters and their propensity to take disaster risk reduction (DRR) measures. Despite this, national variation was observed, with some countries responding with extensive changes while others made no action.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University analyzed US energy production data from 1970-2014, finding that nuclear power reduced carbon dioxide emissions by nearly 2 million metric tons annually. The study suggests policymakers consider nuclear power as a low-carbon source to incentivize utilities to shift toward increased nuclear gener...
A new study found that closing nuclear plants in Germany resulted in substantial increases in global and local air pollution, with an estimated annual social cost of $12 billion. The shift to fossil fuel-fired power also led to increased mortality rates associated with air pollution.
A study from Lancaster University and the University of Hagen found that parties with less stake in an issue tend to adopt extreme policy positions when creating election pledges. This is because they are more likely to pander to voters by offering attractive but potentially radical solutions. In contrast, parties with strong interests...
The International Energy Agency argues that nuclear power can fill the gap in low-carbon electricity generation, but safety concerns and high costs are barriers. Nuclear reactors can generate energy with low greenhouse gas emissions like other low-carbon sources.
A recent study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers found that public fear of nuclear power leads to a 40% decrease in chosen nuclear generation. The team surveyed over 1,200 US respondents and showed some with the names of energy sources and others with risk information to disentangle the root causes of public opinion.
A new study by MIT researchers reveals that using a mix of fuel-saving, flexible, and highly reliable sources is key to building a cost-effective and reliable zero-carbon electricity system. The study found that pairing low-carbon sources with steady carbon-free resources can reduce costs by up to 62% compared to relying on wind, solar...
A study found that patients and caregivers seek information on their own after receiving inadequate pre-examination information from providers. RadiologyInfo.org is an online resource providing detailed information on medical imaging procedures and preparation.
Researchers sampled radiocesium at 8 beaches up to 100 km from Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant, finding highest levels in brackish groundwater beneath the beaches. The concentrations do not pose public health risks but have implications for nuclear power plant management.
A study by Dr Benjamin Lyons from the University of Exeter found that journalists can signal to readers which information is true, reducing misperceptions. By adjudicating disputes within standard news stories, journalists can provide one-sided evidence with a bigger impact on people's factual beliefs.
A global research team warns of severe mineral supply constraints due to lack of international coordination on exploration investment efforts and geological data sharing. The shortage could lead to rising prices and critical shortages of essential resources, including technology minerals and base metals.
A Swedish study investigates the feasibility of replacing nuclear power with wind power in Sweden's energy mix. The authors conclude that a backup system based on fossil fuels would be required to maintain constant emissions, leading to doubled CO2 levels.
A new study published by the University of Sussex suggests that the world could transition away from fossil fuels in just a decade. Professor Benjamin Sovacool's analysis of past energy transitions highlights the potential for accelerated change driven by technological innovation, policy intervention, and shifting consumer behavior.
The Daya Bay Collaboration has obtained the most precise measurement of reactor antineutrino energy spectrum ever recorded, showing a surprising excess of antineutrinos at an energy of around five million electron volts. This deviation of up to four standard deviations suggests that current calculations may need refinement.
The Daya Bay Collaboration has captured the most precise energy measurements of reactor antineutrinos, indicating two intriguing discrepancies with theoretical models. The measured energy spectrum shows a surprising excess of antineutrinos at an energy of around 5 million electron volts.
Baruch Fischhoff reviews four types of analysis to guide policymakers' decisions: estimating risks, deciding on worst-case scenarios, achieving maximum benefits with minimal risk, and weighing risks and benefits. He proposes making the analysis process more transparent and relevant to increase trust.
The study aims to establish a stable situation for nuclear power by collecting multidisciplinary data on how people define nuclear power and its role in society. The project will analyze the importance of nuclear power in each country's power production, economic impacts, and influence from different viewpoints.
A study by Ohio State University found that both liberals and conservatives exhibit biases against scientific facts that contradict their political beliefs. Liberals showed lower trust in science related to fracking and nuclear power, while conservatives reacted more strongly to climate change and evolution.
A UK team is exploring the use of thorium as a fuel source for improved nuclear designs, which could provide safer and more cost-effective power generation. The Integral Inherently Safe Light Water Reactor (I2S-LWR) aims to reduce the size and enhance safety of conventional nuclear power stations.
A European Union-funded project investigates how pressure vessels in nuclear power stations age and lose their toughness due to neutron radiation. The study highlights the need for monitoring and adapting procedures to ensure safe long-term operation.
A Cornell professor outlines a path to achieving a European standard of living for the world's population, driven by growth in renewable energy sources. The proposed solution requires significant energy production, with a focus on nuclear power, to meet the 'Grand Challenge' of global prosperity.
A new study concludes that nuclear power has prevented about 1.84 million air pollution-related deaths and released 64 billion tons of greenhouse gases since 1971. By mid-century, nuclear power could prevent up to 7 million additional deaths and 240 billion tons of emissions.
Decommissioning of aging nuclear power plants in the US is a long, complex process with significant financial implications. The average age of the 104 nukes in the country is just 34 years, prompting concerns about the costs and safety of decommissioning these facilities.
A recent study by Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research found that restricting nuclear power has minimal effect on the cost of climate policies. The researchers discovered that early retirement of nuclear power plants would lead to cumulative global GDP losses amounting to around 10-20 percent of climate policy costs.
The Office of Naval Research has developed a web-based tool suite called TRACS to help first responders rapidly coordinate resources during disasters. The tool takes data from the United Nations' ReliefWeb and displays it on a map-based diagram showing the locations of various resources, such as food, shelter, and health supplies.
The Elsevier Foundation has awarded $650,000 to nine institutions worldwide for innovative libraries and new scholars in developing countries. The grants aim to improve access to scientific information and support early-career women scientists.
A University of Manchester research consortium found that UK carbon emissions targets could be met with significant expansion of both renewables and nuclear electricity by 2035. However, this would require a huge increase in nuclear power to make up for the loss of current nuclear stations.
The Bulletin of Atomic Scientists has published a special issue on the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station disaster, featuring articles on the current and future impact of the accident. Experts discuss lessons learned, future responsibilities, and steps to prevent another nuclear tragedy.
Experts analyze Fukushima's current and future impact, highlighting pressing government plans and challenging nuclear energy policies. The article also explores health impacts, media coverage, and the need for upgraded safety measures to prevent similar disasters.
Brazilian scientist Heldio Villar advocates for better physics teaching and environmental education on radioactivity and nuclear power generation. This approach could lead to a more informed public and reduced reliance on fossil fuels.
The US shale gas industry is projected to significantly impact global energy markets by 2040. The study finds that Russia's natural gas market share in Western Europe will decline from 27% to 13%, while the US will become a major supplier of liquefied natural gas (LNG).
Countries with nuclear power programs need a medium-term strategy for spent fuel storage, according to Allison Macfarlane. The disposal of high-level nuclear waste is possible, but planning ahead is crucial to ensure public safety and sustainability.
A virtual issue explores the long-term environmental impact of the Chernobyl disaster and its relevance to future nuclear accidents. Research reveals radiation can affect entire ecosystems, highlighting the need for better understanding and mitigation strategies.
A study suggests that radiology benefit managers can have a negative impact on referring physicians, shifting significant costs to them. The study found that while RBMs aim to lower healthcare costs, they often result in cost savings being offset by increased fees for physicians and staff.
The University of Nottingham's YouTube sensation, The Periodic Table of Videos (PTOV), has gained a global audience of over 15 million. PTOV's creators reveal their secret to internet success by embracing spontaneity and humanizing scientists.
A study by Behnam Taebi explores the moral desirability of nuclear power production methods, considering technological realities and ethical issues. The author argues that distinguishing between different nuclear energy production methods is crucial before making informed choices.
The article argues that investing in neglected disease control is a more effective use of resources than maintaining nuclear arsenals. With $1 billion, the 11 nuclear power states could eliminate or control neglected infections, which account for up to 50% of global diseases.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory used Nimbus cloud computing infrastructure to dynamically provision virtual clusters on commercial cloud computers, enabling faster simulation results for the Quark Matter physics conference. The successful collaboration demonstrates the potential of virtualization and cloud computing for r...
A new study published in Risk Analysis found that public support for nuclear power is highest among those who trust the industry and hold traditional values. The study's findings suggest that increasing public trust in the nuclear industry is crucial for a resurgence of nuclear power in the US.
A novel system enables high energy physicists at CERN to integrate their existing pool of distributed computers with dynamic resources in science clouds. The integration uses the Nimbus Context Broker and CernVM technology, allowing researchers to dynamically deploy virtual machines on remote resources.