Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
Researchers created Elenagen, a novel DNA immunotherapy for deadly ovarian cancer, which significantly enhances standard chemotherapy and provides clinical benefits. The study shows that Elenagen delays disease progression in patients with stage III and IV platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
Researchers have discovered a new way to target chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer cells by depriving them of cholesterol, leading to significant tumor growth reduction. The nanoparticles starve the cells of cholesterol, triggering cell death through oxidation of lipids in the cell membrane.
Research shows that lowering doses and adjusting chemotherapy schedules for older adults with advanced cancer can reduce toxic side effects and preserve daily functions. Over 30% of patients benefited from treatment regimen modifications, with a 15% reduced risk of serious clinician-rated toxic effects.
A large retrospective cohort analysis found that neoadjuvant chemotherapy improved overall and progression-free survival for locally advanced penile squamous cell carcinoma patients. The study also showed that platinum-based chemotherapy was well-tolerated, with low treatment-related mortality.
A new treatment combining a novel drug with traditional chemotherapy has been shown to increase the survival of patients with malignant mesothelioma, a rare and aggressive cancer. The ATOMIC-meso trial found that this treatment quadrupled the survival at 36 months compared to placebo-chemotherapy.
A four-drug chemotherapy regimen, NALIRIFOX, has been approved by the FDA for frontline treatment of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The regimen, combining irinotecan liposome, oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and fluorouracil, resulted in longer overall survival compared to a two-drug protocol.
Researchers discovered genes encoding growth regulators normally not present in myeloid cells are expressed by leukaemic stem cells, allowing them to grow. Repurposed drugs targeting these receptors show promise in blocking stem cell growth and preventing disease relapse in specific types of AML.
Researchers found that USP1 inhibits cdc42, increases EWS-FLI1 transcriptional output, and simulates Ewing sarcoma growth. A pharmacological inhibitor of USP1 activated cdc42 and inhibited Ewing sarcoma growth.
A team of physicists and veterinary scientists at Purdue University has developed a method to detect chemoresistance in cancer patients using biodynamic imaging (BDI). This technique measures the motions inside cancer cells and how they respond to chemotherapy, identifying patients who will not respond to treatment. The study shows pro...
Researchers propose a novel augmentation regimen, IPIAD, combining five generic non-oncology drugs with standard chemotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The IPIAD regimen uses repurposed drugs like irbesartan and azithromycin to potentially slow disease growth and improve outcomes.
Researchers identified mechanisms that cause ponatinib to harm the heart and found a promising treatment that could reverse this process. The treatment protects heart cells without diminishing the tumor-fighting efficacy of the drug.
Researchers discovered a link between single cancer cell mutations and clinical response to epigenetic therapy in myelodysplastic syndrome. Patients showing treatment benefits had decreased mutation counts in stem cells and immature granulocytes, suggesting early tumor elimination is key to therapy success.
A team of researchers found that diffuse anaplasia (DA) subtype of Wilms tumor grows despite high DNA damage and TP53 mutation, leading to resistance to chemotherapy. The study suggests that DA histology emerges through accumulating DNA damage and CNAs, creating selection pressure for TP53 mutations.
A team led by UCF College of Nursing Professor Victoria Loerzel developed an innovative educational game for older adults with cancer, simulating symptoms and self-management. The game was successful in increasing the use of preventative strategies among participants, reducing symptom severity and hospital admissions.
A study found that the 21-gene breast recurrence score test may underestimate chemotherapy benefits for young Black women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. The researchers recommend lowering the test's cutoff point to ensure accurate treatment recommendations for all patients regardless of race or ethnicity.
Researchers discovered that cisplatin chemotherapy enhances the immune system's ability to fight bladder cancer by modulating the immune response and damaging DNA in cancer cells. This approach may lead to durable disease control in a subset of patients with metastatic bladder cancer.
Researchers found that high levels of FSP1 are associated with relapse after cisplatin treatment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Targeting FSP1 can attenuate tumor stemness and downregulate invasion and metastatic rates, suggesting a potential new approach for treating drug-tolerant persister cancer cells.
Senescent tumour cells generated by chemotherapy can create an environment that helps tumour cells escape treatment. Eliminating these cells with immunotherapy boosts the effectiveness of chemotherapy.
Researchers at Washington State University have discovered a key protein in prostate cancer cells' resistance to docetaxel. Blocking this protein, CHRM1, with dicyclomine restored the effectiveness of docetaxel and reduced tumor growth.
A groundbreaking study uses machine learning to predict treatment resistance in cervical cancer by analyzing genetic mutations. The algorithm identified molecular assemblies driving treatment resistance and pinpointed tumors most susceptible to therapy, resulting in improved patient outcomes.
Researchers found a combination treatment involving high doses of radiation and chemotherapy to be safe and effective in treating locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment, which includes an adaptive boost plan, showed promising results in improving progression-free survival and reducing toxic side effects.
A systematic analysis of cancer cells identifies 370 candidate priority drug targets across 27 cancer types. Researchers used machine learning methods to find promising targets and linked them to specific biological markers and genetic features.
A new trial found that combining anti-angiogenic drugs with chemotherapy led to more young people seeing their tumors shrink, from 18% in the control group to 26%. Patients who received Bevacizumab additionally had better one year progression-free survival rates.
Researchers created nanoparticles using ultraviolet light crosslinked amino acids, loaded with doxorubicin and coated with tannic acid complex. The nanoparticles exhibited superior stability and drug release under different pH conditions, showing excellent anticancer activity in tumor-bearing mice.
Researchers have identified a gene that links deafness to cell death in the inner ear, creating new opportunities for preventing hearing loss. The discovery suggests that UPR-blocking drugs could prevent deafness caused by loud noise exposure or aging.
A phase III study found that selpercatinib significantly improves cancer progression-free survival in patients with NSCLC and RET gene translocations. The therapy also demonstrated efficacy in treating intracranial lesions, a common challenge in advanced NSCLC.
Researchers have developed a novel method to produce a selective anticancer precursor substance. The synthesis involves the reaction of metal-active oxygen species with nitrile, utilizing cost-effective metals at lower temperatures. This breakthrough opens up new possibilities in developing innovative drugs against cancer.
Researchers from Brazil discuss the management of refractory or relapsed classic Hodgkin lymphoma in adults, highlighting novel agents such as brentuximab vedotin and immunotherapy. The Brazilian healthcare system's constraints are also considered when making treatment decisions.
Researchers have identified promising treatment candidates for morphine tolerance and cancer, as well as a biomarker for kidney injury. A monoclonal antibody targeting the mu-opioid receptor has been shown to alleviate morphine tolerance and physical dependence, while inducing excessive mitochondrial fission in tumor cells. Additionall...
The combination of atezolizumab and carboplatin improved overall survival by 3.9 months, and lengthened progression-free survival from 2.2 to 4.1 months. Patients with higher body mass indexes and uncontrolled blood glucose levels showed greater benefits.
A phase III clinical trial found that neoadjuvant chemotherapy can downstage lymph node-positive breast cancer, allowing patients to safely omit adjuvant regional nodal irradiation. This treatment de-escalation strategy is an option for patients whose lymph nodes become cancer-free after neoadjuvant treatment.
Researchers at Salk Institute discovered how anti-cancer drugs can prevent fibroblast activation, a protective barrier around pancreatic tumors. The therapy reduces tumor growth and slows disease progression in mice and human patients, offering a promising treatment for pancreatic cancer.
Researchers from Japan have discovered a novel targeted molecular therapy using microRNA-451a to suppress the progression of gemcitabine-resistant biliary tract cancers. The study found that miR-451a significantly diminished cell proliferation, induced cell death, and reduced chemoresistance in cancer cells.
Scientists have developed a drug-eluting hydrogel that provides sustained, pH-dependent drug co-delivery and promotes anti-tumor immune responses, reducing tumor cell proliferation and growth. The treatment shows promise in treating hepatocellular carcinoma, with enhanced efficacy compared to traditional methods.
A new AI tool combines cancerous and non-cancerous cell patterns to predict breast cancer outcomes, allowing for more precise treatment plans. This could lead to reduced chemotherapy duration and intensity for some patients.
Researchers developed novel small molecule inhibitors of CPSF3, a key regulator of transcription termination in ovarian cancer cells. These inhibitors exhibited potent antiproliferative effects and suppressed tumor growth in vivo.
A study of 103,000 early-stage breast cancer patients reveals a significant racial disparity in chemosensitivity and survival rates. Black patients are more likely to experience residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, leading to a higher mortality risk.
Researchers from ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition advocate for repurposing non-cancerous drugs to target Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), which are resilient to conventional treatments. The study identified a range of non-cancer drugs with potential to target CSCs directly, and combining these with micronutrients amplifies their anticance...
Researchers investigate nanoparticles for cancer treatment, hoping to reduce side effects and improve efficacy. La-Beck's lab aims to understand the body's interaction with nanoparticles and their impact on tumor growth and immune responses.
Two phase-3 clinical trials demonstrate a significant increase in overall survival and progression-free survival for bladder cancer patients treated with immunotherapy combinations. The studies show a 22% reduction in the risk of death compared to chemotherapy alone, providing a promising new approach for treating advanced bladder cancer.
Researchers developed nanoparticles to transport Gemcitabine directly into tumors, increasing efficacy and sparing healthy cells. The approach shows potential to treat pancreatic carcinomas more accurately and with reduced side effects.
Experts call for urgent measures to address discrimination against patients fleeing war or conflict zones, those with serious mental illnesses, and frail elderly patients. Guidelines for treating advanced breast cancer should prioritize patient preferences and involve multidisciplinary care teams.
Researchers discovered narrow-spectrum Wnt signaling inhibitors can suppress breast cancer tumors and reduce chemo-resistant cells in mice. The treatment, derived from a bacterial toxin, targets specific receptors to minimize bone density side effects.
Patients with breast cancer in conflict zones face significant barriers to treatment, including lack of standard procedures and funding for rebuilding capacity. This results in many patients being diagnosed with advanced breast cancer, often with limited palliative care options.
Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body survive for longer if treated with pyrotinib. The new drug targets proteins involved in HER2-positive breast cancer and shows a 22% reduction in risk of death compared to lapatinib.
New research suggests that vitamin D supplements can reduce the risk of peripheral neuropathy in patients undergoing paclitaxel treatment. The study found that patients with vitamin D deficiency were more likely to experience severe neuropathy, and that inducing vitamin D deficiency caused similar symptoms in a mice model study.
A specific nucleotide metabolite called GTP controls responses to radiation and chemotherapy in an unexpected way. Increasing GTP levels makes cells resistant to treatment, while lowering them makes cells more sensitive.
A UCLA-led study shows datopotamab deruxtecan, a Trop-2 directed antibody-drug conjugate, significantly improves progression-free survival in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment primarily benefits patients with non-squamous tumors, reducing disease progression and improving overall survival.
New study reveals that microtubule poisons effectively treat cancer by causing abnormal cell division, leading to tumor cell death. The findings contradict decades-long assumptions about the mechanism of action of these drugs.
A clinical trial has shown that combining chemotherapy with immunotherapy nivolumab significantly improved outcomes in patients with advanced bladder cancer. The study found nearly twice as many patients with no evidence of disease after treatment, and a median complete response of 37.1 months.
A new study from Columbia University Irving Medical Center suggests that chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, or 'chemobrain', may be caused by an excess of calcium floating around inside cells. The research could lead to new treatments to restore cognition in patients experiencing symptoms.
Researchers developed a nanotechnology method to deliver medication through the blood-brain barrier, overcoming its selectivity and expanding therapeutic options for glioblastoma treatment. The technique demonstrated improved tumor shrinkage and survival rates in mice, paving the way for further preclinical studies.
A new study published in JNCCN found that intensive local-regional treatment to remove as much tumor as possible did not significantly impact overall quality of life for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. However, the treatment was associated with a higher risk of adverse events.
Researchers discovered the STAT3 signaling pathway as a potential target for treating H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), a uniformly lethal central nervous system malignancy. The current standard of care, including palliative radiation and chemotherapy, remains ineffective in this disease.
A VHIO-led study has identified DPPA3 as a regulator of dormant cancer cells and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. High levels of DPPA3 are found to predict disease relapse, while HIF1 is proposed as a potential therapeutic target to sensitize CRC cells to chemotherapy.
Research reveals increased sympathetic nerve activity and reduced exercise capacity in patients with heart failure resulting from anthracycline chemotherapy. Sympathetic neural overdrive is associated with skeletal myopathy and decreased cardiac function.
Researchers have developed a new approach to treating invasive bladder cancer, combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy, which may preserve quality of life. In a phase 2 clinical trial, approximately 43% of patients achieved complete response without surgical removal of the bladder.
Researchers at MedUni Vienna discovered that dormant tumor cells surviving chemotherapy can be targeted through the inhibition of P-glycoprotein, opening new possibilities for delaying relapse. This breakthrough could represent a step forward in treating aggressive triple-negative breast cancer, which has limited treatment options and ...
Men with metastatic prostate cancer in Sweden experienced an average survival rate increase of six months after dual treatment was introduced from 2016 onwards. This improvement coincides with the gradual rollout of 'dual treatment', combining standard hormone therapy and chemotherapy or androgen receptor blockers.
A new drug called vorasidenib has been shown to significantly slow tumor growth and extend the average time until tumor growth in patients with grade 2 IDH-mutant gliomas. This breakthrough could offer a first early treatment option for these cancer patients, potentially improving their quality of life.