Articles tagged with Transplantation
A novel multicomponent intervention aimed at improving patient access to kidney transplants did not significantly increase the rate of completed steps in a randomized clinical trial involving 20,375 patients. The study highlights the need for sustained efforts to address barriers to transplantation globally.
Scientists from Central South University develop a novel approach to address bacterial infection in bone transplantation by enriching H2O2 and amplifying the Fenton reaction. The technique enhances biocompatibility and safety, promising reduced transplant failures and post-operative complications.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham found that individuals with fatty liver disease are three times more likely to have a personality disorder than those without. Lifestyle modifications, such as changes in diet and exercise, can prevent disease progression but often fail to be implemented due to mental health factors.
Scientists have discovered a suitable combination of chemical compounds that can preserve adult zebrafish hearts for up to 5 days at -10°C. This breakthrough could potentially be used for the preservation of other organs before transplantation, revolutionizing organ donation and increasing the chances of successful transplants.
A new study found that living donor liver transplant access optimizes the timing of transplant for older, frail cirrhosis patients. Patients with moderate to severe frailty, short stature, and low MELD scores benefited from LDLT, reducing waitlist mortality and improving post-transplant outcomes.
A team of researchers identified a protein called RAC2 that appears to drive the foreign body response, which causes the body to reject biomedical implants. Suppressing production of this protein could reduce the risk of implant rejection and improve the design and safety of implants.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases found that lower uromodulin levels are associated with a higher risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. Participants who experienced steeper declines in uromodulin also showed an increased risk of kidney failure.
Researchers at UW–Madison and Stanford University developed a new approach to increase donor and recipient biocompatibility, inducing tolerance in transplanted kidneys. Two monkeys with just one match among key protein strings maintained chimeric immune systems for over four years without rejection or graft-versus-host disease.
A new device developed by Northwestern University researchers can detect temperature irregularities associated with inflammation and other body responses that arise with transplant rejection. This allows for earlier intervention, improving patient outcomes and increasing the odds of preserving donated organs.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed a new monoclonal antibody that successfully prevented organ rejection in primates undergoing kidney and islet transplantations. The findings suggest a safer alternative to existing immunosuppressive drugs, reducing side effects and improving graft survival rates.
A new matching system enabled by Boston College economists facilitates the world's first four-way liver exchange and a cascade of additional matches. The system increases the number of transplants that can be matched among a larger group of participants, expanding capacity beyond traditional two-way exchanges.
Researchers have found that mouse stem cells mimic their parent animals' cold resistance, generating energy differently at low temperatures. This discovery opens up new avenues for studying organ preservation and human hibernation using in vitro models.
Hematopoietic stem cell culture technology improves genome editing in HSCs by increasing successful correction rates to 100%, eliminating genetic mutations, and enhancing cell transplantation outcomes. This breakthrough enhances the efficiency and safety of gene editing in treating genetic diseases.
This study demonstrates the potential of cell therapy using genome-edited iPS cells secreting therapeutic molecules, such as mNAGA, to supply GLA activity in vivo. Transplantation of these cells improved GLA activity in the liver, but not in other organs, and future enhancements are possible through genome editing.
A new AI tool utilizing deep-learning algorithms and volumetric thresholds accurately detected splenomegaly in patients undergoing CT scans. The study analyzed a large sample of 8,901 patients, revealing that splenic volume is strongly associated with weight.
Researchers investigated premature senescence in biliary atresia and assessed senotherapies. They found that human allogenic liver-derived progenitor cells reduced early markers of senescence and improved liver disease in a preclinical model, providing encouraging results for pediatric biliary cirrhosis treatment.
The new scientific statement highlights the importance of identifying the root cause of pediatric cardiomyopathy to develop effective treatment strategies. Genetic testing is recommended for all children with cardiomyopathy, which may lead to financial and emotional cost savings.
Survivors of firearm injury experience chronic PTSD symptoms and poor health-related quality of life, emphasizing the need for comprehensive care. Screening for chronic kidney disease could be cost-effective for US adults starting at age 35.
A study found that heart transplant patients receiving organs from active COVID-19 positive donors had increased risk of death at six months and one year compared to those receiving organs from recently recovered COVID-19 patients and COVID-19 negative patients.
A UNIGE team has developed small beads encapsulating fecal bacteria for treating a serious intestinal infection. The technology overcomes obstacles in current treatments, allowing for easier and more comfortable administration.
Researchers found that heavy alcohol use and the presence of metabolic syndrome were associated with a higher risk for advanced liver disease. The study suggests an increasing interaction effect between MetS, heavy alcohol use, and a recent surge in alcoholic liver disease-related mortality.
Keck Medicine of USC has launched a clinical trial to perform the world's first human bladder transplant. The procedure involves removing the patient's diseased bladder and replacing it with a healthy one from a deceased donor. This could be a historic step in improving lives for those with debilitating bladder conditions.
Researchers have developed a non-invasive technique using laser speckle imaging to visualize microvasculature in donor hearts and detect abnormal blood flow. The method enables precise visualization of blood circulation, potentially identifying hearts suitable for transplantation.
A new Cochrane Review found that stool transplantation can increase the number of people recovering from Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infection by 77%, compared to 40% with standard antibiotic treatment. The study also showed a decrease in side effects with stool transplantation.
Researchers found a genetic variant of TNFAIP3, which regulates inflammation, can paradoxically protect the kidneys from damage in the short term. The study could lead to simple genetic tests for predicting kidney disease risk and personalized treatment approaches.
Medical University of South Carolina researchers streamlined kidney transplant evaluations to increase access for African Americans. They used telehealth and partnerships with local providers to help patients complete the evaluation process, resulting in higher numbers of African Americans beginning and completing the evaluation.
Researchers created the integrated-gut-liver-on-a-chip platform to examine how gut and liver cells interact, particularly in relation to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The study showed significant changes in gene expression and DNA damage when free fatty acids were introduced, leading to cell death similar to severe cases of NAFLD.
Researchers link acute severe hepatitis in children to co-infections with multiple common viruses, including AAV2. The study suggests that getting more than one infection may have made children vulnerable to severe hepatitis.
Corneal graft rejection can be as high as 10% due to poor patient compliance with medications, which require frequent eyedrop administrations. Researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University developed nanoparticles to encapsulate eye medication, decreasing graft rejection while requiring fewer and smaller doses. The approach reversed s...
A 53-year-old man has been cured of HIV after receiving a stem cell transplant, marking the third person to achieve this. The patient's genome contained a mutation in the CCR5 gene, making it impossible for most HIV viruses to enter his CD4+ T-lymphocytes.
Researchers analyzed electronic health record data from over 7.1 million children to identify risk factors associated with a faster decline in kidney function, including disease origin, proteinuria, hypertension, and younger age. The study found that certain attributes are linked to a more rapid decline in kidney function, providing va...
Researchers identified HCirV-1 in a patient with unexplained chronic hepatitis, demonstrating its role in liver damage. After treatment, the patient's liver enzymes returned to normal levels, indicating the end of hepatic cytolysis.
A new Pitt study reframes understanding of graft-versus-host disease, suggesting that GVHD is locally maintained by donor T cells in target tissues. The research, published in Immunity, offers an alternative model that could guide development of novel therapies and improve outcomes for stem cell recipients.
A team of researchers from MedUni Vienna has identified the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) as a key player in protecting against alcohol-induced liver damage. The study found that pIgR-mediated secretion of antibodies in the intestines helps to prevent bacterial translocation and inflammation in the liver.
Research from Brigham and Women's Hospital found that genetic analysis can identify up to 65% more A2 donors, increasing potential kidney transplants for recipient candidates with blood type B. This could improve availability and equity in kidney transplantation.
A large cohort study found that long-term low-dose hydroxychloroquine use is associated with a low risk of developing retinopathy, while higher doses increase the risk. Regular screening can identify the issue at an early stage.
A study in Japan reveals that universal screening methods for biliary atresia, a rare and severe lung condition in infants, are cost-effective. The research found that stool color card screening and direct bilirubin testing gained significant clinical benefits and saved lives.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism reveals that pancreas transplantation can provide up to 90% of recipients with diabetes freedom from insulin therapy and glucose monitoring. Despite high success rates, transplant numbers have declined due to lack of consensus criteria, education, and resource ...
A recent analysis of COVID-19-positive donor heart transplants found no significant differences in transplant outcomes compared to those from non-COVID-19 donors. The study's results suggest that COVID-19-positive hearts may be as safe for transplantation, potentially addressing the shortage of available donor organs.
The American Association for Thoracic Surgery published an Expert Consensus Document recommending use of mechanical circulatory support before, during, and after lung transplantation. The guidelines include recommendations for veno-venous ECMO and central veno-arterial ECMO.
Researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine found that many reasons clinicians reject transplantation in cannabis users have no scientific basis. They identified areas where more research is needed, including interactions between cannabis and immunosuppressants.
Researchers have developed genetic testing to diagnose cardiomyopathy in children, identifying those at risk of heart failure and requiring a transplant. The test provides precise clinical diagnosis, enabling targeted treatment options and reducing the need for life-threatening interventions.
The study found that the COVID-19 pandemic led to increased waiting list times for pediatric heart transplants, but did not affect graft and recipient survival rates. Waiting list mortality remained unchanged during this period.
A national US kidney disease registry found that 60% of participants were unaware of their kidney function level, hindering clinical trial recruitment. The National Kidney Foundation Patient Network aims to address this issue through real-world data collection and patient-centered research.
Researchers found that Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT) using capsules has a cure rate of 86% at one month and 81% at two months for recurrent CDI, comparable to colonoscopic FMT. Patient selection is key to optimizing FMT success.
A new study conducted by researchers from Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital shows that fecal transplantation is an effective cure for life-threatening intestinal infections, with a cure rate of over 90%. The treatment was found to be far superior to the standard treatment, which typically consists of antibiotics.
Researchers found that using race-free creatinine formula helps equalize access for Black and white patients. The study showed that among 350 Black patients, kidney failure was reached at an average 23 months, versus an average 22 months for 122 white patients.
A recent study published in Clinical Nutrition found that sufficient protein intake is necessary to prevent sarcopenia after kidney transplantation. The research showed a positive correlation between changes in skeletal muscle mass and protein intake, with insufficient protein intake resulting in decreased muscle mass.
A team of EMBL researchers used data from over 300 human faecal microbiota transplants to investigate the ecological understanding of what happens when two gut microbiomes clash together. The study found that species richness and how different a recipient's gut microbiome is from a donor's are key factors in determining which microorga...
A new treatment may enable the use of a larger part of donated lungs, leading to improved outcomes and reduced complications. Researchers are conducting a clinical pilot study to investigate the effects of reducing cytokine levels in donor lungs.
A group of researchers from Osaka Metropolitan University found that administering parathyroid hormone to rat Achilles tendons increased the production of cartilaginous matrix and promoted chondrogenic differentiation. This breakthrough discovery may lead to improved outcomes for meniscal reconstruction surgery, protecting knee cartila...
Research finds that liver transplant recipients with a BMI of 30 or higher and those who drank heavily have a high risk of needing a second surgery within 48 hours. Coagulopathy, or decreased blood clotting, is also linked to this risk. The study aims to reduce the number of return-to-operating-room cases by mitigating these factors.
Bone marrow donors can now receive significantly reduced opioid medication during and after the donation procedure, resulting in a more comfortable experience. The new pain control method, using regional anesthesia, drastically decreased opioid usage from 84% to 23% among patients.
The study reveals uterus transplant outcomes are safe for the recipient, living donor, and child, making it a potential solution for women struggling with uterine-factor infertility. Uterus transplants may be a viable option for these individuals, offering a chance to conceive and carry a pregnancy.
A team proposes banking stool samples for future use in autologous fecal microbiota transplants to rejuvenate the human gut microbiome. This approach aims to treat various diseases, including asthma and type 2 diabetes, by restoring an ancestral state of the microbiome.
A study found that over 60% of parents of children with kidney disease or hypertension are unsure or unwilling to vaccinate their child against COVID-19. Effective vaccines exist to protect children from COVID-19, and the findings highlight the need for clear communication to address parental concerns.
The study found that uterine transplantation is an effective method to remedy infertility, with a clinical pregnancy rate of 33% and cumulative live birth rate exceeding expectations. The procedure also showed positive health outcomes, including improved quality of life and low rates of anxiety and depression.
Researchers found that a bridge therapy approach prior to consolidation therapy can improve event-free survival in patients with stable metastatic cancer after induction therapy. Patients who received this treatment had significantly better outcomes compared to those who underwent direct consolidation or post-induction therapy alone.
A new study from University of Minnesota Medical School suggests Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) is an optimal and cost-effective treatment option for the first recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. The research model indicates it's effective and cost-effective when used in patients after a single episode of recurrent CDI.
A large randomized controlled trial found that treatment with methylprednisolone reduces the risk of kidney function loss and failure in patients with IgA nephropathy. The study's results suggest a lower dose regimen may be effective while minimizing side effects.