Articles tagged with Xenografts
Partial heart transplantation replaces only defective valves and related structures, eliminating need for repeat replacements. This procedure can provide thousands of additional valve transplants annually, benefiting young patients worldwide.
Researchers developed pigs with knocked-down SLA-I/II molecules, showing reduced human complement-dependent cytotoxicity and stronger resistance to T-cell responses. The findings suggest a multi-pronged approach combining genetic modification and targeted immunosuppression for successful pig-to-human transplantation.
Researchers developed a spray shield that adheres to transplant organs using mussel-derived adhesive protein, reducing immune rejection and its side effects. This innovation enables targeted delivery of immunosuppressants directly to the transplanted site, increasing success rates in xenograft transplantation.
Researchers are developing an organ-on-a-chip platform to study immune rejection in pig-to-human liver transplantation, addressing a major hurdle in xenotransplantation. The project aims to generate data supporting future preclinical studies and bring xenotransplantation closer to clinical use.
The study found that even with immunosuppressants, innate immunity remains activated, indicating a need for new therapies to prevent organ rejection. Researchers recommend combining therapies targeting innate immunity with advanced genetic engineering in donor pigs.
A study at Columbia University found that a pig kidney functioned normally for two months in a brain-dead recipient after receiving a xenotransplant protocol developed by immunologists. The study showed promise for preventing long-term rejection of xenotransplants.
Researchers aim to determine if biomarkers can identify adults at risk of developing interstitial lung disease (ILD), a chronic condition that causes inflammation and scarring in the lung tissue. The approach could lead to the development of new, better treatments with more tolerable side effects.
A pioneering case of pig-to-human liver xenotransplantation has been successfully demonstrated, with the genetically engineered porcine liver functioning for an extended period in a human recipient. The patient survived for 171 days despite complications such as xenotransplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy.
A new treatment approach using cyclophosphamide has been found to prevent most graft-versus-host disease in mismatched transplants. The study shows that 80% of patients are alive after a year, similar to outcomes seen in fully matched transplants.
A pioneering study has provided unprecedented insights into the immune response following pig-to-human kidney xenotransplantation. Researchers mapped how human immune cells interact with pig kidney tissue, revealing critical early markers of rejection and potential intervention strategies.
Researchers developed an AI tool called AAnet to characterize cancer cell diversity, identifying five distinct cell groups with different gene expression profiles. This could lead to more targeted therapies and improved patient outcomes.
The CHLA team has demonstrated the possibility of using genetically engineered pig hearts as a 'bridge' to heart transplant for critically ill babies. Eight baboons have survived with a pig heart, with one living for nearly 21 months.
Researchers from the University of Maryland School of Medicine analyzed the second patient to receive a genetically-modified pig organ, identifying key factors contributing to rejection and highlighting areas for improvement. The study provides valuable insights into how to prevent graft failure in future transplants.
MD Anderson researchers have made significant advancements in treating chronic pain, myelodysplastic syndrome, and rare cancers. A novel treatment for chronic pain has been developed with reduced side effects, while targeted therapies like canakinumab show promise for personalized approaches.
Researchers at Niigata University successfully generated rat offspring from ovarian oocytes transplanted into mice, overcame previous challenges in producing fertilized eggs and embryos.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique using fluorescence-guided surgery to enhance visibility of tumors and nerves during head and neck cancer surgery. The technique uses two near-infrared fluorophores, one for tumors and another for facial nerves, allowing for clear differentiation between cancerous tissues and nerves.
Researchers discuss the use of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in treating biologically aggressive tumors, such as uterine serous carcinoma. The ADC T-DXd has shown remarkable preclinical activity against primary USC cells lines and xenografts overexpressing HER2/neu.
Researchers found that regorafenib synergizes with TAS102 to inhibit cancer growth, angiogenesis, and microvessel density in preclinical models of colorectal and gastric cancers. The combination also suppresses ERK1/2 activation regardless of KRAS or BRAF mutational status.
The first pig-to-human kidney xenotransplants detected early signs of antibody-mediated rejection and showed human immune cells rapidly infiltrating the transplanted kidneys. However, the transplanted kidneys also began to repair themselves, with gene expression associated with cell proliferation observed within 24 hours.
A combined mechanical heart pump and gene-edited pig kidney transplant has given new hope to a patient with heart and kidney failure. The surgery was performed in two stages, first implanting the heart pump and later transplanting the gene-edited pig kidney. This innovative approach has shown promise for patients who would otherwise no...
A study using a xenotransplantation model has revealed that human microglia respond to amyloid-β plaques with a complex immune response, influencing the disease course. The research highlights the importance of considering genetic factors in microglia-targeted therapies for Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found combining common immune-suppressing drugs with a complement inhibitor effectively managed the initial human immune response against transplanted pig kidneys. The regimen, which relies solely on already FDA-approved medications, showed remarkable success in Parsons model case series.
Scientists at Niigata University successfully produced marmoset eggs and embryos from xenotransplanted ovaries, offering a new method for generating genetically modified marmosets. The novel egg production system is expected to facilitate research into human diseases and contribute to regenerative medicine.
Researchers have developed a novel zebrafish xenograft platform to screen for novel treatments for glioblastoma, an aggressive brain tumor. The platform uses zebrafish avatars to model glioblastoma cells from individual patients, allowing researchers to identify patient-specific targets and potential treatments.
A case series shows that pig-to-human xenotransplant can provide normal graft function in a deceased human with chronic kidney disease. Future studies are needed to determine long-term xenograft kidney function and its potential as a bridge or destination therapy for end-stage kidney disease.
Researchers analyzed data from the first genetically-modified pig heart transplant into a human patient and found that several overlapping factors contributed to heart failure, including poor pre-transplant health, immunocompromised state, and use of intravenous immunoglobulin. The study provides crucial insight into how these factors ...
Researchers have identified LP-284 as a novel acylfulvene compound with anti-tumor activity against non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The compound exerts nanomolar potency in 15 NHL cell lines and prolongs survival of mantle cell lymphoma xenograft mice, making it a potential therapeutic option for patients with HR or TC-NER deficiency.
The funding will support preclinical research using genetically modified pigs, aiming to improve compatibility and reduce immune rejection in xenotransplantation. The goal is to enable human clinical trials and address the organ shortage crisis.
Researchers investigated the effects of everolimus on the STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway in TP53 mutant cell lines and xenograft models. Everolimus treatment significantly inhibited cell growth and reduced tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
A new study found that the antibody-drug conjugate STRO-001 showed nanomolar cytotoxicity in 88% of cancer cell lines tested, with potent efficacy against proliferating B cells. The research supports ongoing clinical studies for patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Researchers at VHIO have established a unique collection of metastatic cholangiocarcinoma patient-derived xenografts to help prioritize potential clinical trials and deliver precision patient care. The models have identified mutations in genes such as BRCA2, which could serve as a biomarker for response to PARP inhibitors.
Researchers report new findings from a landmark transplant, showing unexpected heart conduction measures that did not contribute to failure. The study suggests genetic modifications made to the pig's heart were not responsible for causing these changes.
Researchers found that MK256 induced differentiation and maturation in leukemia stem cells, inhibiting proliferation of AML cell lines. The study also showed dose-dependent inhibition of the STAT pathway in both in vitro and in vivo studies.
Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine conducted a groundbreaking xenotransplant surgery, implanting a genetically modified pig heart into a 57-year-old patient with terminal heart disease. The patient survived for two months with a strong functioning heart showing no obvious signs of rejection.
A compound called ERX-41 has been shown to kill a range of hard-to-treat cancer types, including breast and ovarian cancers, by targeting a previously unexploited vulnerability. This could lead to new drugs being developed to fight these cancers, which currently have few effective treatments.
Researchers at UAB successfully transplanted genetically modified pig kidneys into a brain-dead human, demonstrating the feasibility of xenotransplantation. The kidneys functioned for 77 hours without immediate rejection, paving the way for potential treatment of thousands suffering from kidney failure.
UAB surgeons successfully transplanted a genetically modified pig kidney into a brain-dead human recipient, testing safety and feasibility in a novel human preclinical model. The experiment showed that the xenograft perfused normally and maintained vascular integrity, paving the way for potential treatment of thousands with organ failu...
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have successfully performed their second xenotransplantation procedure using a genetically engineered pig kidney. The procedure, part of an ongoing study, demonstrates continued promise for these genetically engineered organs as a renewable source of life-saving gifts.
A team led by NYU Langone's Robert Montgomery successfully transplanted a genetically engineered pig kidney into a human body, marking a major step forward in xenotransplantation. The procedure, performed on September 25, 2021, used a GalSafeTM pig with the alpha-gal biomolecule removed to avoid rejection.
A new four-year study identifies appropriate ethical and policy guidance for translational xenotransplantation kidney clinical trials. The research team will develop recommendations and decision aids for transplant candidates, clinicians, and institutional review boards reviewing xenotransplantation protocols.
Researchers found that combining an Aurora Kinase A inhibitor with a KRAS inhibitor or WEE1 inhibitor showed efficacy against lung cancer cells resistant to KRAS inhibition. The study suggests that Aurora Kinase A activation contributes to intrinsic and acquired resistance to sotorasib in KRAS-mutated lung cancer cells.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have developed a more accurate laboratory model for studying retinoblastoma, a rare pediatric eye cancer. The models closely mimic the biology of patient tumors and provide an important resource for studying the earliest stages of the disease as well as screening new therapies.
Research shows that relacorilant enhances paclitaxel-driven apoptosis in various cancer cell lines and xenograft models, providing a basis for its potential as an adjunct therapy. The study's findings support clinical benefits observed with relacorilant addition to paclitaxel-containing therapy in ovarian and pancreatic cancers.
Research found that combining copanlisib with cetuximab significantly improves treatment outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. The study suggests PI3K inhibition as a potential biomarker for predicting treatment responses.
Targeting HDAC2 with romidepsin inhibits MDM2 expression and promotes apoptosis in dedifferentiated liposarcoma. This approach may offer a new therapeutic avenue for treating this aggressive tumor type.
A new study has developed highly sensitive and specific assays to detect infectious agents in pigs, a crucial step towards ensuring the safety of xenotransplantation. The assays were validated on over 300 pig specimens and showed promising results, suggesting they can identify potential pathogens in donor pigs.
Researchers at IU School of Medicine are working on printing 3D pig liver tissue for xenotransplantation research. The collaboration with Lung Biotechnology aims to accelerate the development of unlimited organs for life-saving transplants.
Researchers at eGenesis have successfully produced the first PERV-free piglets using CRISPR technology, addressing safety concerns in xenotransplantation. The breakthrough demonstrates the potential of gene editing to prevent cross-species viral transmission and pave the way for safe human transplantable cells, tissues, and organs.
Researchers developed a new method to design more effective breast cancer treatments by combining patient-derived xenografts and proteogenomic integration. This approach allows for the identification of potential targets for drugs and has shown promise in suppressing tumor growth in laboratory models.
The EurOPDX consortium develops patient-derived xenografts to replicate tumor behavior in mice, enabling personalized medicine and drug assessment. Researchers aim to validate multicentric preclinical studies using these models, increasing the efficiency of cancer research and treatment.
The 13th biennial Congress of the International Xenotransplantation Association showcased significant breakthroughs in xenotransplantation, including the survival of cardiac, kidney, and pancreatic islet cell xenografts for extended periods. New technology to improve animal donor safety was also presented.
Researchers successfully transplanted genetically engineered pig hearts into baboons, achieving prolonged survival of over 200 days. The use of target-specific immunosuppression and human genes in the pigs enabled the hearts to remain viable without complications.
Researchers at IDIBELL have identified a key component of the complement system that plays a major role in rejecting xenotransplanted porcine chondrocytes. Inhibiting this component, C5, protects cartilage tissue from rejection and inflammation.
Researchers have developed a nanofibrous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) nerve conduit for the repair of long-segment sciatic nerve defects. The study found that regenerated nerves were macroscopically observed and histologically assessed, with restoration of nerve continuity and formation of myelinated nerve fibers.
Researchers have made significant progress in xenotransplantation using genetically modified pigs, showing promising results in pig islet and neuronal cell transplants. Clinical trials are underway or planned for these techniques, which could expand to include other organs such as the liver and heart.
Chinese scientists have discovered genetic modifications that enable pigs to be transplanted into humans with fewer complications. Human PD-L1 overexpression in pig artery endothelial cells induces tolerance and reduces rejection response.
Scientists selectively sensitized prostate cancer cells to radiation therapy by knocking down a key protein repair gene. The approach shows promise for treating locally advanced prostate cancer, reducing disease recurrence.
Xenotransplantation holds promise for replacing diseased organs, but immune rejection and pathogen transmission are major concerns. Genetic modifications in pigs have improved compatibility with humans, offering hope for this technique's success.
Researchers develop a new xenotransplantation model where human cells coexist with porcine cells, showing that they can live long-term without PERV infection. The study suggests that pigs may be a safer source for human transplantation due to the low risk of transmitting viruses.
Scientists have grown functional kidneys in rats using embryonic tissue transplants, demonstrating their ability to filter blood and excrete waste. The research marks a critical step towards developing animal-to-human transplants to address chronic organ donation shortages.