Articles tagged with Glucocorticoids
A Duke University-led study found that alpha female baboons have significantly lower levels of glucocorticoids, hormones produced in response to stress. The researchers discovered that higher-ranking females get preferential treatment, leading to faster-growing babies and increased survival rates.
A study of wild female baboons found that early life trauma had a significant negative impact on adult glucocorticoid concentrations, which are a measure of health. Despite having strong social relationships as adults, the stress hormone levels were still significantly higher in those who experienced trauma in early life.
The SEMIRA trial found that continuous glucocorticoid regimens controlled disease activity better than discontinuation, but the latter was also effective in preventing long-term side effects. Treatment success rates were 77% for continued prednisone and 65% for tapering regimen.
Researchers at University of Turku find glucocorticoids inhibit interferon signalling, leading to increased mortality rates. Glucocorticoids have been banned by WHO for COVID-19 treatment due to their harmful effects.
Patients with diabetes mellitus and endocrine disorders are at higher risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19. Medical teams need to take extra precautions when treating these patients and consider adjusting their medication regimes as needed.
Individuals taking glucocorticoid medications for conditions like asthma and arthritis are at high risk of severe COVID-19 due to suppressed immune systems. Injectable supplemental therapy can reverse adrenal failure and is crucial in managing patients with primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency.
Researchers at Yale University found that mice exposed to stress in the womb and after birth experience lifelong immune system deficiencies, making them more susceptible to bacterial infections and tumors. Early-life exposure to glucocorticoids permanently alters immune responses, rewiring the body to respond differently.
A new study suggests that the diabetes drug metformin can improve the clinical status of patients on glucocorticoid treatment, reducing infections, hospital admissions, and metabolic side effects. The 12-week trial found a 30% reduction in infection rates and lower hospital admissions compared to the placebo group.
A large-scale trial found that reducing steroid dosage and eliminating plasma exchange did not impact long-term survival for ANCA-associated vasculitis patients. Patients who received lower doses of steroids had fewer serious infections compared to those on higher doses.
Researchers identified a variant in the HSD3B1 gene associated with resistance to glucocorticoids in severe asthma patients. The study suggests that genetic testing may help tailor treatment strategies for individuals with severe asthma, offering new hope for improved management of this chronic condition.
A new study has identified a genetic anomaly associated with poor response to glucocorticoid asthma treatment. The research found that patients with the HSD3B1(1245A) variant are less likely to respond to treatment and may develop severe asthma.
Researchers found that healthy men taking commonly prescribed doses of glucocorticoids for a short period experienced changes in blood sugar metabolism, associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes. The study highlights the need for medical professionals to consider and monitor potential side effects.
A high-caloric diet alters the time-of-day dependent metabolic cycle in mice, suggesting lean and obese patients may respond differently to steroid therapy. The study also highlights the biological function of daily hormone secretion cycles and their impact on sugar and fat storage or release by the liver.
Researchers found that glucocorticoid use, especially above 10mg/d, was associated with increased risk for infections, readmission, and prosthetic joint infections among RA patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. Biologics had similar risks across treatments.
Researchers suggest that combining glucocorticoids with antioxidants could further improve clinical treatment for premature babies while minimizing potential risks. The proposed therapy aims to overcome adverse effects associated with existing glucocorticoid treatment and accelerate lung maturation in infants.
Researchers have pinpointed a mechanism that leads to steroid diabetes in patients undergoing long-term cortisone treatment. The findings suggest that the E47 transcription factor plays a key role in the changes in gene expression, particularly in liver cells.
Researchers studied the impact of social status on macaques' immune systems and found that lower-status individuals had less responsive cells to glucocorticoid hormones. The study suggests a possible mechanism underlying glucocorticoid resistance in humans, which can lead to chronic stress and related health issues.
A recent study found that tree swallow females who absorbed a stress hormone through their skin had lower survival rates and smaller offspring. Another study showed that birds with stronger stress responses were more susceptible to lingering effects of stress.
A UAB-led study published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology found that denosumab was superior to risedronate in increasing bone density in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. The 12-month study enrolled 795 patients and showed promising results for the new drug.
The LSD1 enzyme suppresses mitochondrial metabolism and slow-muscle genes, promoting glycolysis in fast muscles. Glucocorticoids promote LSD1 degradation, allowing for muscle fiber type differentiation.
A new study published in Scientific Reports found that vertebrate species, including humans, exposed to stress prenatally tend to have higher stress hormones after birth. The researchers analyzed data from all known studies across vertebrates and found consistent effects of prenatal stress on offspring stress hormone levels.
Research by Stanford University School of Medicine researchers provides the first molecular understanding of why people gain weight due to chronic stress and disrupted circadian rhythms. The team identified key molecules involved in controlling fat-cell maturation and found that the timing of glucocorticoid pulses controls weight gain.
Researchers have made significant discoveries about the impact of glucocorticoid hormones on immune cells, shedding light on why some people develop resistance to commonly prescribed medicines. The study found that dynamic changes in DNA organisation occurred after just five minutes of drug application and persisted for up to five days.
A long-running study supports standard prescribing practices for glucocorticoid therapy in DMD patients, showing longer preservation of muscle strength and function and decreased risk of death. The study found that long-term use of these drugs delayed loss of mobility milestones and reduced mortality risk.
Researchers modelled adrenal gland responses to stress, predicting abnormal glucocorticoid release and testing in rats. The study reveals dynamic complexity in the adrenal gland's response to stress, highlighting its role in regulating hormones.
A nationwide Swedish study linked alendronate treatment to a lower risk of hip fractures in elderly patients using medium to high doses of anti-inflammatory medication. The research also found that longer treatment duration was associated with a greater reduction in fracture risk.
The ACR's updated clinical guideline provides recommendations for assessing fracture risk and treatment for adults and special patient populations. For all age groups, the panel strongly recommends optimizing calcium and vitamin D intake and implementing lifestyle modifications to prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
Reducing glucocorticoid steroid frequency improves muscle recovery and function in mouse models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Intermittent dosing regimens may prevent debilitating side effects while preserving therapeutic effects on muscle function.
A recent study found that high-calorie diets cause similar levels of bone loss in mice regardless of fat content. Glucocorticoid signaling in the skeleton plays a crucial role in diet-induced metabolic disturbances. Disrupting this signaling pathway may protect against obesity and related health issues.
Oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens produce high sustained virologic response rates for all six hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes, making them effective for treating patients with chronic HCV infection. The ease of dosing and safety profile of DAAs provide an opportunity to reduce the burden of hepatitis C in the US.
A study found that premature birth can lead to poor muscle growth, affecting strength and function throughout life. Prenatal stress and malnutrition may contribute to this issue by exposing the fetus to high levels of cortisol, a hormone linked to muscle atrophy.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have discovered a previously unknown protein, SETDB2, that helps the liver adapt to fasting states. This protein is increased during times of fasting and alters the genome to turn on genes needed for energy storage.
Systemic glucocorticoids increase risk of life-threatening staph infections by 2.5 times, with higher doses associated with greater risk
Researchers found that stressed male mice have offspring with high blood sugar due to an epigenetic change in their sperm. This study suggests a male's life experience can affect his offspring's glucose levels, offering new insights into the mechanisms involved.
Researchers identified a gene, KLF15, which activates to enhance muscle endurance and alleviate muscular dystrophy without the negative side effects of glucocorticoids. Boosting KLF15 in skeletal muscle improved exercise capacity and strength in DMD patients, suggesting new treatment possibilities.
Researchers have identified a cell receptor that, when stimulated by a cholesterol-lowering drug, increases red blood cell production in patients with treatment-resistant anemias like DBA. The combination of low amounts of glucocorticoids and the repurposed anti-cholesterol drug shows promising results in clinical trials.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital identified a mechanism that helps leukemia cells resist glucocorticoids, laying the foundation for more effective treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Small molecules can reverse this resistance, potentially benefiting a wide range of patients.
Research by Columbia University finds that glucocorticoid treatment restores BBB function within a day of primary blast injury, potentially reducing mandatory rest periods for military personnel. The study's positive results could lead to the development of targeted therapies using steroids to restore BBB integrity after blast injury.
A recent study published in The Journal of Physiology found that increased stress hormone levels in pregnant mice can lead to overeating and reduced fetal growth. However, this effect is not seen when the hormone is administered earlier in pregnancy or when the diet is restricted. The researchers believe that maternal glucocorticoid le...
A study published in The Journal of Physiology found that high stress levels in pregnant mice led to increased cortisol levels, causing mothers to eat more but reducing placental glucose transport. This can result in decreased fetal weight and long-term metabolic health implications for children.
Researchers at the Douglas Mental Health University Institute found that glucocorticoid tablets can synchronize peripheral biological clocks in white blood cells, improving synchronization of the body's internal clocks. This breakthrough could lead to innovative therapies for travelers, night-shift workers, and those with sleep disorders.
Glucocorticoids suppress inflammation by targeting nuclear factor-κB and upregulating IRAK-M, a key negative regulator of inflammatory pathways. The discovery provides new insights into the mechanism of glucocorticoid action and could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for controlling overactive inflammation.
Researchers found that adding glucocorticoid to local anesthetic epidural injections provided minimal or no additional pain relief and physical limitations improvement. Corticosteroids may have caused increased satisfaction but also more adverse events, calling into question their routine use.
Researchers found that lower doses of glucocorticoids and pulsed therapy can be as effective as traditional treatments, with fewer side effects. The study suggests using anti-malarial drugs, such as hydroxychloroquine, as a long-term treatment option.
A new study published in PLOS ONE has found that steroid injections given to pregnant women before premature birth may increase the child's risk of later behavioral and emotional difficulties. The study of over 6,000 children revealed poorer scores on general mental health at ages eight and 16, and a higher likelihood of symptoms of ADHD.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids is associated with cortical thinning and increased risk for stress and emotional problems in healthy, full-term children. The findings suggest that glucocorticoid administration may alter the trajectory of brain development.
Researchers demonstrate that a single course of rituximab therapy is as effective as the current standard of care regimen in patients with ANCA-associated Vasculitis. The RAVE study shows that a short course of rituximab can induce and maintain remission, providing an alternative to long-term cyclophosphamide treatment.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute have identified a protein that is the target of glucocorticoids, which increase red blood cell production in patients with certain types of anemia. The discovery could lead to the development of drugs capable of increasing this protein's production without causing severe side effects.
A new study published in JAMA Network found that a 5-day glucocorticoid treatment course was non-inferior to a 14-day course in reducing re-exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during 6 months of follow-up. The shorter-course regimen also resulted in significantly reduced glucocorticoid exposure.
LncRNAs have been found to regulate gene expression in various diseases, including brachydactyly and HELLP syndrome. Additionally, research on obesity has shown that early genetic intervention can rescue mice from obesity-induced metabolic disorders. Furthermore, editing mistakes in miR-376 cluster have been linked to invasive brain tu...
A new study reveals that time-of-day specific treatment with a synthetic glucocorticoid can shift the circadian rhythms of atria samples, but with different effects on the direction of shifts compared to the liver. The study highlights the sensitivity of the heart's circadian clock to glucocorticoid signaling.
A large study found a direct association between the presence of a small genetic alteration in a hormone receptor and increased body fat and insulin resistance. The BclI polymorphism, which makes the glucocorticoid receptor more sensitive to glucocorticoids, was linked to greater effects with similar hormone levels.
Scientists at Aarhus University have developed a new technology that conjugates glucocorticoid steroids to antibodies binding to macrophage receptors, reducing side effects and increasing potency. This intelligent medicine shows promise for treating various inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune disorders.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have discovered a novel target for treating stress-linked disorders: a protein called HDAC6. By modulating glucocorticoid signaling in serotonin neurons, HDAC6 may provide a path towards resilience to stress.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS) have published a guidance document outlining management strategies to prevent bone loss and related fractures in high-risk patients. The guidelines provide a framework for developing national assessment and treatment guidelines, emphasizing...
Long-term oral glucocorticoid therapy is associated with a significant risk of bone loss and fractures, particularly in older adults and those with higher doses. To mitigate this risk, patients should take preventive measures such as maintaining adequate calcium and protein intake, exercising regularly, and getting enough vitamin D.
Biologists Fran Bonier and Ignacio Moore investigate how stressed bird parents care for their young and respond to environmental challenges. The study aims to determine whether glucocorticoid levels affect bird parenting behaviors, with potential implications for understanding the effects of stress on organisms and evolution.
Researchers found that glucocorticoid therapy can decrease citrullination and PAD4 enzyme levels in people with rheumatoid arthritis, leading to reduced inflammation. Treatment had no effect on methotrexate, but showed promising results for RA management.
A comprehensive study found that maternal use of inhaled glucocorticoids for asthma during pregnancy is not associated with most diseases in childhood, but may increase the risk of endocrine and metabolic disorders. The study followed 65,085 mother-child pairs from early pregnancy to childhood.
A new UCSF-led study reveals that premature infants exposed to steroids after birth have 10% smaller cerebellar volumes, associated with impaired brain growth and motor development. The findings challenge the American Academy of Pediatrics' policy statement on low-dose glucocorticoids.