Articles tagged with Vascular Cells
Researchers have successfully mapped the cells and genes that regulate bone formation and loss, revealing blood vessel cells play a critical role in bone health. The discovery has the potential to enable the development of new therapies to reverse bone loss and improve treatments for osteoporosis and other skeletal conditions.
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered that targeting the CNP/GC-B signal pathway may provide a promising approach for treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). The study reveals that CNP/GC-B signaling plays a protective role against PAH, and administration of CNP ameliorates experimental pulmonary hypertension.
This study reveals the regulatory role of BCAT2-mediated BCAA catabolism in VSMCs and its impact on intraplaque calcification in diabetic atherosclerosis. BCAT2 deficiency attenuates vascular calcification severity, decreases calcium salt deposition, and suppresses osteogenic phenotypic transition of VSMCs.
Scientists at UCSF created a new material that enables more predictable organoid growth, allowing for better study of disease and potential tissue replacement. The dynamic gel, invented by Zev Gartner, mimics the body's soft environment and enables precise 3D printing of stem cells.
A mouse study by University of California, Riverside scientists suggests microplastic exposure may accelerate the development of atherosclerosis in males. The study found microplastics dramatically worsened plaque buildup in male mice, but not females.
Researchers from Rutgers University found that metformin blunts improvements in blood vessel function, fitness, and blood sugar control after exercise. This means that people taking metformin may not get the protection they expect to help lower disease risk. The study's lead author, Steven Malin, hopes future research will uncover stra...
A study from The University of Osaka reveals nearly half of patients with extracranial arteriovenous malformations carry mutations in the RAS/RAF/MAPK signaling pathway. These mutations were linked to abnormal vascular morphology and were frequently detected in younger female patients.
Researchers developed a 3D in vitro culture system to study tumor cell behavior, finding that clusters can infiltrate blood vessels by disrupting the endothelial barrier. This discovery suggests new targets for cancer treatment strategies.
Researchers found that fisetin reduces calcium buildup and protects blood vessels from hardening in vascular smooth muscle cells. Fisetin's anti-calcification activity depends on the phosphatase DUSP1, which inhibits p38 MAPK.
Researchers introduced a recombinant protein to pericytes, which change shape and create cellular bridges that support axon regeneration. In mouse experiments, the treatment promoted robust axon regenerative growth and restored leg function.
Researchers have made significant discoveries about the role of GP38 in viral infections and pathogenesis, highlighting its potential as a target for vaccines and medical countermeasures. Non-neutralizing GP38-specific antibodies have shown protective efficacy against lethal challenge, reducing circulating GP38 and vascular leak.
Researchers have discovered that common anticancer drugs can reduce vascular growth in patients with PTEN Hamartoma Tumour Syndrome, offering new hope for treatment. These findings were made possible by the development of a mouse model and clinical trials using rapamycin and capivasertib inhibitors.
A team of scientists has successfully developed a novel platform for diabetes treatment utilizing bioink derived from pancreatic tissue and 3D bioprinting technology. The HICA-V platform replicates the structure and function of the human endocrine pancreas, supporting islet maturation and functional enhancement.
A new study found that artificial sweetener aspartame triggers insulin spikes leading to blood vessel inflammation in mice, which can contribute to atherosclerosis and increased risk of heart attacks and stroke. The researchers identified an immune signal called CX3CL1 that plays a key role in this process.
Researchers at FAU's Schmidt College of Medicine will explore the use of genetically engineered cells to treat degenerative diseases, with a focus on understanding how hypoxic conditions drive cellular transformation. The study aims to identify novel pathways controlling this process and develop strategies for engineering more complex ...
A new nanotechnology-based drug delivery system has been developed to save patients from repeated surgeries. The approach, called Pericelle, uses a paste of nanoparticles containing hydrogel on transplanted veins to prevent blockages, which can lead to repeated surgeries in heart and dialysis patients.
Researchers developed a new approach to engineer tissue structures across multiple scales, from small cells to large organs. They used gallium as a molding material, allowing them to create complex vascular and interwoven networks that mimic natural biological systems.
Research highlights Nup93's critical role in endothelial cell function and vascular health, with promising findings for new treatments to slow down aging. Low Nup93 levels are associated with inflammation and cellular aging, while restoring its levels can reverse harmful effects.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center present promising new treatments, including a gastric cancer therapy using T cell antigen coupler technology. Additionally, COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are shown to improve responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with non-small cell lung and melanoma cancers.
Researchers created a single cell atlas of prenatal human skin, providing a molecular recipe for building skin. The study also led to the creation of a mini organ model that grows hair, offering insights into scarless skin repair and potential clinical applications in regenerative medicine.
A Cornell University-led collaboration has developed a machine learning model that uses cell-free molecular RNA dregs to diagnose pediatric inflammatory conditions, including Kawasaki disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children. The diagnostic tool accurately determines the patient's condition while monitoring organ health.
Researchers used advanced imaging techniques to create detailed maps of mouse brains, identifying areas vulnerable to blood vessel degeneration. These changes can lead to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
Recent research reveals that targeting senescent cells as the cause of aging is not accurate. Instead, these cells have positive health impacts and may pose risks if targeted therapeutically.
Scientists designed ring-shaped proteins targeting growth factor receptors to control human stem cell development. The resulting vascular networks formed tubes, healed, and absorbed nutrients, offering a new approach to repairing damaged hearts and kidneys.
A study using induced pluripotent stem cells has revealed that inflammation triggered by retrotransposons and interferon signaling causes atherosclerosis in Werner syndrome patients. The researchers propose targeting the interferon signaling pathway as a potential treatment for reducing stroke and heart attacks.
Researchers at Texas A&M University developed vessel-chip technology to create a platform for preclinical drug discovery, reducing the need for animal testing. The system mimics human circulatory systems using tissue-engineered microfluidic devices.
A new study found that brief anger episodes can negatively impact blood vessel function, leading to increased risk of heart disease and stroke. The researchers investigated the effects of anger, sadness, and anxiety on blood vessel function and found that evoking an angered state led to blood vessel dysfunction.
A recent study published in Cell reveals significant similarities between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), two distinct neurological disorders. The research found shared gene expression patterns across various brain regions, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for both conditions.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System are developing a technique to 'paint' tiny nanoparticles on transplanted veins to prevent blockages, potentially sparing patients from repeated surgeries. This approach could significantly reduce the number of vascular reconstructions performed annually in the US.
Researchers are developing minimally invasive techniques to repair and regenerate tissue in aortic aneurysms using actively targeted, drug-releasing nanoparticles. The team found that rod-shaped particles with high aspect ratios were selectively taken up by diseased endothelial cells, leading to improved therapy outcomes.
The Almodóvar lab is studying the link between HIV and pulmonary hypertension, a condition that increases pressure in lung arteries. By examining the interactions between different cell types and using a humanized mouse model, researchers hope to propose novel therapies to prevent lung diseases in people with HIV.
Researchers discovered that consuming over 22% of daily calories from protein can lead to increased activation of immune cells contributing to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Leucine, an amino acid found in animal-derived foods, plays a disproportionate role in driving pathological pathways linked to atherosclerosis.
A new study from Tulane University found that perlecan LG3, a protein commonly found in blood vessels and the brain, forms a stable bond with the COVID spike protein, enhancing the virus's ability to bind with cells. This discovery may lead to new forms of treatment or prevention for COVID-19.
The study explores the impact of light conditions on plant hydraulic conductance and water demands, revealing adaptive strategies for improved crop productivity. Shaded leaves exhibit higher water-use efficiency due to reduced transpiration, offering insights into optimizing agricultural practices.
A study by Waseda University explores the effects of different vascularization strategies on brain organoids, improving cell differentiation and transcriptome profiles. Vascularized cerebral organoids exhibit a gene expression profile closer to fetal human brains than non-vascularized ones.
Researchers at the Josep Carreras Institute have discovered a crucial protein, PI3K-C2b, that regulates mTORC1 signaling and angiogenic growth in blood vessels. This finding holds promise for developing new treatments for congenital vascular disorders.
Research published in The FASEB Journal suggests that spaceflight can negatively affect vascular tissues, increasing the risk of erectile dysfunction. Treatment with antioxidants may help counter some effects. Functional improvements after targeted interventions suggest that erectile dysfunction may be treatable.
Researchers are developing a bioengineered pancreas-like tissue using innovative biomaterials and engineered cells. The goal is to implant these cell-laden scaffolds into patients who need help managing their glucose levels.
Engineers use module assembly to develop vascularized organotypic tissues with high cell density and well-organized vasculature. This approach enables the rapid generation of functional tissue substitutes with improved efficacy in treating diseases.
A new study found that even a mild chronic sleep deficit can lead to inflamed and dysfunctional vascular cells, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Shortened sleep duration for six weeks caused oxidative stress in these cells.
Studies show that people with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) have a 50% increased risk of coronary heart disease, despite not exhibiting metabolic complications. This raises questions about the validity of the MHO concept.
Researchers found that DPP4 inhibition increased sunitinib efficacy in RCC spheroids and upregulated DPP4 in sunitinib-resistant cells. This suggests potential repurposing of DPP4 inhibitors to target therapy resistance in renal cell carcinoma.
Researchers discovered that a small subpopulation of AIB1-expressing cells in breast cancer enables invasion and metastasis. The study suggests that these subpopulations play a crucial role in tumor growth and spreading to distant sites.
A new immune-infiltrated human kidney organoid-on-chip model enables the assessment of on-target, off-tumor effects of immunotherapeutic T cell bispecific antibody drugs. The study's findings provide important insights into which cells are targeted by a given TCB and what, if any, off-target damage arises.
Researchers from Anglia Ruskin University have successfully grown retinal pigment epithelial cells on a nanofibre scaffold treated with fluocinolone acetonide, showing increased resilience and growth. This breakthrough technology has great potential for developing ocular tissue transplantation to treat age-related macular degeneration.
A team of researchers identified a specific subtype of complement-producing macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions that exacerbate plaque necrosis and cardiovascular events. The study suggests a potential therapeutic target to control complement activation within cells, which may also apply to other chronic inflammatory diseases.
A study by John Innes Centre researchers has revealed how plants avoid cracking under stress by using a growth hormone called brassinosteroid to loosen the straitjacket effect on their skin. The findings, published in Science, have implications for our understanding of plant development and potentially improve crop yields.
Researchers have found a new target and drug combination that appears to stop the destruction of vision in premature newborns. By blocking ACAT1, an enzyme that converts cholesterol into smaller pieces, scientists can prevent the formation of leaky blood vessels and inflammation in the retina.
Researchers at Nagoya University found an alternative route for microglia colonization in the embryonic brain, suggesting a novel approach to combat diseases like fetal brain dysfunction. Macrophages can convert into microglia later in development, providing new insights into microglial plasticity and behavior.
Researchers discover a mechanism for shaping tissue boundaries during Arabidopsis root vascular tissue development. Positionally biased cell proliferation generates anisotropic compressive stress field, symmetrizing the boundary between xylem and procambium cells.
Researchers found a link between astrocytes from schizophrenic patients and reduced vascularization in the brain, which may contribute to the disease's metabolic flux. The study suggests that astrocytes could be a target for novel therapies to address schizophrenia.
A new study by Osaka University researchers demonstrates that the endothelial cell-specific protein Robo4 plays a crucial role in reducing mortality in severe infection. By upregulating Robo4 expression, a drug treatment can decrease vascular permeability and increase survival rates.
Researchers developed a natural material derived from seaweed to promote vascular cell growth and prevent blood clots in heart bypass surgery. Fucoidan, a seaweed-derived compound, was added to synthetic blood vessels using nanotechnology, significantly reducing the chances of clots forming.
Researchers found that oral cancer cells releasing EVs under TGF-β induce EndoMT in endothelial cells, leading to vascular destabilization. This process may facilitate cancer cell entry into the bloodstream, promoting metastasis.
A Rice University bioengineer has developed a noninvasive technology to measure gene expression in deep tissues, particularly in the brain. This innovation could improve the monitoring of gene therapy treating neurodegenerative disorders such as epilepsy, ALS, and Huntington's disease.
A UCSF-led study sheds light on the mechanisms behind sex differences in ICI-induced myocarditis, a potentially fatal side effect of cancer immunotherapy. The research suggests that immune checkpoint inhibitors may interact with sex hormones to cause cardiac toxicity in female patients.
A new study by Kyoto University found that Regnase-1 gene expression is low in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), mirroring the pathology of humans. The protein's mRNA degradation leads to PAH inhibition, offering a potential new treatment for heart failure and premature death.
Researchers at National University of Singapore have identified S1P as a potent signaling molecule crucial for maintaining blood vessel integrity and function. The study highlights the importance of S1P export from blood cells and blood vessels in preventing complications and mortality related to vascular diseases.
A new study has identified the genes that become active in carotid arteries when plaque rupture causes a stroke. The researchers sequenced the RNAs in plaques from patients who had experienced a stroke within two to five days, revealing increased inflammation and loss of protective cap.
A new device replicates short sections of human blood vessels allowing for variable flow conditions that mimic the body. Researchers can now watch what's happening inside treated grafts down to individual cells.