Articles tagged with Biodiversity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study published in the Journal of Applied Ecology found that diverse landscapes with good connectivity between quarries and calcareous grasslands support wild bees. Large, old, and flower-rich quarries are particularly valuable habitats for endangered species.
A global analysis of 1.7 million plant community datasets reveals no positive correlation between functional and phylogenetic diversity in most ecosystems. Instead, many plots exhibit a high level of functional diversity with low phylogenetic diversity.
A pioneering study reveals that transplanting vibrant invertebrate and microbial communities from healthy reefs to damaged ones significantly boosts coral health. The innovative approach, known as 'a coral reef ecosystem transplant,' demonstrates notable improvements in coral photosynthetic efficiency and physiological function.
Research found that plants adapted to colder temperatures have a higher rate of photoinhibition repair when exposed to cold conditions. This adaptation allows them to survive in colder regions. The study used Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes from around the world to demonstrate this phenomenon.
Red squirrels adapt their diurnal activities to minimize predation risk from domestic cats, while avoiding humans and wildlife. During COVID-19 lockdowns, they increased activity in gardens with food sources.
A new study highlights the pressures human activities place on tropical marine ecosystems, with fishing techniques and tourism posing the greatest threat. The research provides insights into the impact of various activities on different habitats, shedding light on how to ensure sustainable management.
Researchers used stable isotope analyses to determine the nitrogen isotope ratios in the hair of four closely related civet species, revealing that faunivory was much more common than previously thought. The study suggests that varying degrees of consumption of animal sources is the key mechanism of niche partitioning among these species.
The NJIT team's Limelight Rainforest developed a drone-delivered technology capable of identifying thousands of rainforest species in mere hours. The device uses telemetry, satellite communications, and AI to interpret data from advanced microphones, cameras, and capture systems.
A long-term study has shown that reintroducing resistant mountain yellow-legged frogs to sites infested with the deadly amphibian chytrid fungus allows for landscape-scale recovery. The frogs have developed resistance to the fungus, enabling them to persist in its presence and thrive in their ecosystems.
Research by an international team found that birds, bees, and bats working together increased macadamia nut production by up to four times, while reducing insect infestation by 40%. The effectiveness of these ecosystem services depends on altitude and natural habitats.
Researchers found that while protected areas show promise for some bird species, many others suffer from limited effectiveness. The study used citizen science platforms to analyze data from over 90 million records and identified a need for better staffing and funding to support endangered species.
The Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need program will fund eight doctoral students at WPI, increasing the department's diversity and footprint. The fellowships will help create new career paths in life sciences.
A new study presents a cutting-edge catalog of banana diversity, tracing the ancestral origins of various cultivars using innovative genomic techniques. The catalog reveals that some locally appreciated banana groups are not single clones, opening perspectives for diversification.
Researchers investigated elevational patterns of seed plant beta diversity and its turnover and nestedness components in the Gyirong Valley. They found a hump-shaped pattern driven by climate variables, with taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity being lower than expected. Conservation efforts should prioritize elevations with diffe...
A new species of crustacean with unique black-and-white coloring, resembling a panda, has been discovered in Japan. The Melita panda was found in intertidal waters and is closely related to other amphipods with distinct physical characteristics.
A study published in Water Biology and Security reveals spatial and temporal patterns of biodiversity in four taxonomic groups along the Za'gya Zangbo River. The findings emphasize the importance of considering multiple biological groups in biomonitoring high-altitude rivers, and highlight areas that require targeted conservation efforts.
A new study reveals that external canopy structural heterogeneity has a stronger influence on species diversity-productivity relationships than internal heterogeneity. Researchers introduced a new index to quantify this external heterogeneity, which plays a key role in mediating biodiversity-forest productivity dynamics.
The study found that uneven distribution of resources gives some individuals more access to play than others. Wildlife is a major draw for nature-based tourism, but human recreation has unintended consequences for biodiversity. To coexist with wildlife, it's essential to follow common-sense rules and minimize disturbance.
The world's freshwater lakes are freezing over for shorter periods due to climate change, affecting more than a billion people worldwide. Changes in ice duration have major implications for human safety, water quality, biodiversity, and global nutrient cycles.
The Safe-Hub platform provides a harmonized and standardized database for pollinator health, monitoring, distribution, and conservation. It offers various tools and resources, such as species distribution maps, knowledge library, and events calendar, to support recommendations and co-design solutions for wild pollinator decline.
A new species of fish, dubbed the grumpy dwarfgoby, has been discovered in the Red Sea with a surprisingly menacing appearance. The species, which is less than 2 centimeters long, has bright red coloration that helps it blend into its natural habitat.
A new study investigates genetic diversity and population structure of common walnut (Juglans regia) in Central Asia. The research reveals moderate genetic diversity across the region, with a core genetic diversity region in the western Himalaya.
A study using plant fossils from East Asia found that evergreen broad-leaved forests occurred in different temporal-spatial patterns than previously thought. The research indicates a diverse occurrence of EBLFs due to the multistage evolution of Asian monsoon.
A new species of tarantula spider has been discovered in the Chiricahua Mountains in southeastern Arizona. The species, Aphonopelma jacobii, is threatened by climate change and habitat loss due to rising temperatures and precipitation.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a wavelength-multiplexed diffractive optical processor that enables all-optical multiplane quantitative phase imaging. This approach allows for rapid and efficient imaging of specimens across multiple axial planes without the need for digital phase recovery algorithms.
A new study reveals that data on popular community science platforms is biased towards easily identifiable and attractive species. Researchers found that iNaturalist's reliance on photos creates a personal bias, underreporting certain species and overreporting others.
A straightforward and adaptable method for tubulin/cilia staining has been developed in ciliates, offering four significant advantages in cytoskeleton research, morphology studies, taxonomy, and ecological studies. The new method enables seamless integration with immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy.
A new computer software package, gam.hp R package, calculates individual R² values for predictors in GAMs based on the average shared variance concept. This allows for equitable distribution of shared R² among related predictors and provides a measure of each predictor's unique and shared contribution to the model's fit.
The University of Texas at Arlington has awarded seven Interdisciplinary Research Program (IRP) grants totaling $140,000 to foster collaboration between groups. The grant increase represents a 40% boost over the previous year's funding.
Cultivated rice has also evolved into weedy varieties that shatter and are successful in limiting production worldwide. A long abscission zone is a key factor in ease of shattering across various weedy groups, indicating humans' management inadvertently selects for these traits.
Research shows that ocean warming and acidification could lead to catastrophic shark embryo survival decline by 2100. Monthly temperature variation plays a significant role in mortality rates.
A new legal requirement for developers to demonstrate a biodiversity boost in planning applications may not be effective in improving bird and butterfly populations. Despite this, researchers suggest that the metric can capture plant biodiversity well, but needs improvement to reflect ecosystem intricacies.
A study on fish communities in Daya Bay reveals a decline in diversity, shifts in composition, and shrinking of fish body size over the past 30 years. The research highlights the impact of environmental pollution, overfishing, and habitat fragmentation on the ecosystem.
This study identified 299 coral reef fish species in Huaguang Reef, with Perciformes exhibiting the highest species count. Notably, a reduction in species at the order and family levels was observed compared to historical data. The succession patterns indicate a notable impact of overfishing on coral reef fishes.
A study by Osaka Metropolitan University reveals that fish use physical punishment to promote helping behavior in their offspring, demonstrating advanced social and cognitive abilities. The research highlights the presence of punishment in animal societies, bridging a gap in understanding cooperative behavior and its mechanisms.
Researchers create special language Phenoscript to describe traits in a way that both humans and computers can understand. This allows for large-scale studies of organismal traits, boosting the emerging field of phenomics. The new language is being tested and aims to integrate semantic species descriptions with nanopublications.
Researchers used machine learning to integrate high-throughput transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic profiles to identify four distinct molecular profiles of Alzheimer's Disease. These profiles were associated with varying levels of cognitive function and neuropathological features.
A new species of medium-sized venomous snake, Ovophis jenkinsi, has been discovered in Yunnan, China. The snake is dark brownish-grey with trapezoidal patches on its back and is generally slow-moving but shows great aggression when disturbed.
A team of international experts emphasizes the need for collaboration across borders and within countries to address the growing threat of invasive alien species. The paper, published in Nature, Ecology & Evolution, highlights the critical evaluation of existing knowledge on invasive alien species and their control.
A new nematode species, Pristionchus seladoniae, has been identified at the University of Tsukuba's Sugadaira Research Station. The species exhibits unique physiological and ecological traits, making it a valuable comparative model for studying genome biology, physiology, and environmental adaptation.
A new study highlights the human impacts of endangered species mating with domestic relatives, causing economic loss and death. Conservation efforts are also overlooked for marginalized pastoralist populations, who often lack effective defense against aggressive wild males.
A new study found that removing hedgerows and field margins decreases the diversity and abundance of arthropods, which can lead to reduced natural pest control. The research suggests that using flowering plants in field margins and implementing agri-environmental measures can be effective ways to increase farmland biodiversity.
A study by LMU researchers reveals that crab diversity is more complex than species numbers alone. The team found greater variety in shield shapes among 'false' crabs, which are related to their ecological roles.
A study by the University of Göttingen investigated regional differences in bird diversity within cocoa agroforestry systems in Peru. The research team found that biodiversity decreases with increasing distance from natural forests, with greater richness of species found in humid subtropical forests than in dry tropical forests.
Researchers analyzed the genome of Corylus chinensis to understand its demographic history and adaptive potential. They found species-specific gene families involved in adaptation and identified diverged genetic lineages with southwest-northern differentiation patterns.
The BiCIKL project has shared lessons learned on improving data findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability (FAIR-ness) of various biodiversity data types. The project's policy briefs provide recommendations for policymakers and research funders to adopt best practices and guidelines.
A new study reveals no consistent pattern between tree diversity and forest productivity at different elevations; biodiversity can increase or decrease productivity in various regions.
The V142I transthyretin variant is associated with substantial risk for heart failure hospitalization and death in Black individuals, particularly those with reduced ejection fraction. Further investigation into the complex interplay between the variant, ancestry, social determinants of health, and biological factors is warranted.
A comprehensive global dataset shows that phylogeny plays a crucial role in shaping wood density patterns. Wood density varies significantly among different biomes and climatic zones, with higher values found in drier regions. Phylogenetic signal explains 84.3% of total variation, while environmental factors account for only 2.7%.
A new study found that barley plants recruit distinct microbial communities based on the sugars they secrete from their roots. The custom community of beneficial microbes improves the plants' growth, while differences in gene activity between the two barley types explained the variation in their root communities.
The Hong Kong Biodiversity Genomics Consortium has launched a project to sequence the genomes of its eukaryotic biodiversity, which is rich in species but threatened by climate change. The first five genomes have been published in GigaByte Journal to coincide with International DNA Day.
A study from the Max Planck Institute found that storks choose routes with high densities of other storks, especially for young birds. As they gain migration experience, their preference decreases, suggesting a shift towards independence.
A new study by Heriot-Watt University found that large groups of spectator boats can create loud and sustained noise impacting marine mammals, fishes, and invertebrates. The research suggests event organizers should limit the potential impacts of underwater noise from motorized vessels.
A study by MLU found that ecosystems with diverse plant mixes can regulate up to 5% of regional climate, while plant traits like leaf thickness affect climate. The research highlights the complex relationship between plants and climate, emphasizing the need for biodiversity in nature conservation.
A new study reveals that wildebeest populations which no longer migrate are less genetically healthy and more prone to decline. The loss of migration routes due to fencing and roads leads to lower genetic diversity, increased inbreeding, and reduced fertility.
Despite being in place to rebuild fish populations, marine protected areas have flatlined or declined adult fish populations. Strong enforcement and climate-friendly design are crucial for their success.
A study by Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research and Macquarie University highlights the ecological value of orchard meadows in Central Europe. The research team advocates for moderate management intensity, connectivity to neighboring habitats, and preservation of structural diversity to maintain biodiversity.
A UK feasibility study suggests that a carbon credit scheme could support private investment in saltmarsh restoration, providing vital habitat for wildlife and addressing the climate crisis. The introduction of a Saltmarsh Code would pave the way for projects with public financing to contribute to restoration efforts.
Bee colonies face a critical 'hungry gap' when recommended pollinator plants start blooming too late in the spring, resulting in low colony survival and queen production. Adding early-blooming species like ground ivy and red dead-nettle to existing hedgerows can improve colony success rates significantly.
A recent study reveals that non-native ant species have profoundly altered the historical distributions of ant species, reshaping global ecosystems. The study found that just 2% of ant movements are sufficient to erode established borders and redraw the distribution map for this diverse array of insects.