Articles tagged with Mrna Expression
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A new UC Davis study has identified 194 significantly different genes in the brains of people with autism, with many linked to brain connectivity, immune response, and inflammation. The research also found age-dependent differences in genes related to synaptic function and cell loss.
Scientists at Max-Planck-Gesellschaft created an interactive atlas of gene expression in the zebrafish brain, revealing hundreds of genes with single-cell resolution. The new map integrates seamlessly with existing data, providing new insights into neural structure and function.
Researchers estimate transcription error rates in human cells and identify genetic and epigenetic factors responsible for inaccuracies. Inaccurate transcription produces truncated or altered proteins, leading to disease.
A new approach to boosting protein production has been discovered, which could lead to the generation of a universal booster for protein production. The breakthrough centers on Exin21, a sequence that increases mRNA synthesis and stability and protein expression and secretion.
Smidt Heart Institute researchers have identified a way to control the natural 'fight back' response of heart cells against RNA therapies, leading to increased effectiveness. By targeting specific microRNAs, they were able to stabilize the heartbeat and boost gene expression.
Research finds that individuals who received monoclonal antibodies before COVID vaccination exhibit a diverse antibody response, increasing the coverage provided by vaccines. This phenomenon, known as antibody feedback inhibition, is beneficial for diversifying immune responses to viruses.
Using an AI, researchers successfully designed synthetic DNA that controls protein production in cells. The technology can speed up the development of vaccines, drugs for severe diseases, and alternative food proteins.
Researchers found that MK256 induced differentiation and maturation in leukemia stem cells, inhibiting proliferation of AML cell lines. The study also showed dose-dependent inhibition of the STAT pathway in both in vitro and in vivo studies.
A study using mRNA and miRNA expression profiles identified molecular signatures that can differentiate muscle invasive bladder cancer patients who respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy from those who do not. The research found distinct gene pathways and subtypes associated with response, which may lead to more effective treatment delivery.
A new CAPSTONE study aims to identify inflammatory biomarkers associated with positive and poor outcomes in patients after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) strokes. By analyzing patient blood and plasma samples, researchers hope to develop targeted treatments to prevent long-term brain degeneration.
A study by Kumamoto University researchers found that a defective isoform of the SIGIRR gene activates an inflammatory pathway associated with cystic fibrosis. This defect leads to decreased expression and function of anti-inflammatory molecules, resulting in severe inflammation.
Researchers at USAMRIID have demonstrated the use of messenger RNA (mRNA) to develop treatments for infectious diseases. The study found that administering mRNAs encoding monoclonal antibodies targeting poxviruses resulted in significant systemic levels of functional antibodies, offering potential for rapid response to disease outbreaks.
A study by CIBER Consortium found that centenarians' offspring share a unique genetic footprint, exhibiting lower rates of age-related pathologies and frailty. The research used genetic analysis to compare the offspring of centenarians with those of non-centenarians, revealing similarities in gene expression patterns.
Researchers identified DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4) as a critical factor regulated by histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) in skin aging. Overexpression of HDAC4 rescued cells from senescence, while DDIT4 overexpression reversed changes associated with aging.
Researchers evaluated the toxicological effects of BaP on bay scallops, finding increased immune response-related parameters with time at higher concentrations. The study suggests that BaP dampens the immune response of scallops and decreases their capacity to respond to oxidative stress.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital studied mRNA vaccine safety in pregnant women, finding no Spike protein expression in placentas. The study provides further evidence of mRNA vaccine safety, supporting expanded vaccination efforts for vulnerable populations.
Researchers studied peptide bond formation between tRNA molecules and a ribosomal RNA segment, revealing the potential for minihelices to bind to the primordial peptidyl transferase center. The study suggests that functional interactions between tRNA and PTC could have been 'revised' in evolution.
Researchers from HKUST have identified secondary RNA elements that control DICER's cleavage activity, improving miRNA expression and shRNA design for effective gene silencing. The study provides a foundation for designing accurate and efficient short-hairpin RNAs.
A new CAR T-cell product targeting CLDN6 showed acceptable safety and early signs of efficacy in a phase I/II clinical trial. The therapy combined with an mRNA vaccine expanded transferred CAR T cells and improved tumor cell killing.
Researchers found that epigenetic inheritance can affect the genetic composition of a population for multiple generations. Exposure to high temperatures accelerated the rate of evolution, increasing the spread of genes through mating.
Researchers aim to produce enough mRNA vaccines from spinach and lettuce to rival traditional shots. They're exploring chloroplasts as a key to making plant-based mRNA vaccines that can be stored at room temperature.
A new study reveals that multiple pathways regulate poly(A) tail lengths in yeast, involving poly(A) binding proteins and a self-regulating pathway. This discovery sheds light on the complex control of mRNA tails and their impact on protein production.
Researchers developed a 'frameshifting' therapy that alters mRNA to reduce mast cell tumor size and prevent organ infiltration. The treatment, targeting the c-KIT gene, shows promise in reducing KIT protein expression, signaling, and function.
Researchers found that miR-133b levels were significantly lower in FAP-associated Desmoid tumors than in sporadic Desmoid tumors, while SIRT1 mRNA levels were up-regulated. A negative correlation between miR-133b and SIRT1 was observed, suggesting a novel mechanism underlying progression of FAP-associated Desmoid tumor.
Researchers have developed modified mRNAs with sulfur atoms that accelerate protein synthesis by at least 20 times, paving the way for efficient protein production and mRNA therapeutics. This breakthrough has significant implications for medical treatments, including vaccine therapy and protein replacement therapy.
A Northwestern University team uncovered a common mechanism regulating gene expression during development, linking stochasticity to physical constraints. The researchers found that bursts of natural randomness impact protein levels and developmental outcomes.
Research found that miR-133b levels were significantly lower in FAP-associated Desmoid tumors than in sporadic Desmoid tumors. SIRT1 mRNA levels were up-regulated in FAP-associated Desmoid tumor, suggesting a novel mechanism underlying progression.
A study found that survivin positivity by IHC correlates with shorter survival in Neuroendocrine tumors. Radiation exposure increases BIRC5 gene expression, which is associated with an inferior survival. Survivin long peptide-mimic vaccine shows promise in preclinical studies.
Researchers mapped CB1R mRNA expression in male and female mice, revealing distinct patterns in brain regions associated with Parkinson's disease, maternal behaviors, and the estrus cycle. The study provides a foundation for understanding sex differences in physiological and pathological brain functions related to cannabinoids.
Researchers found that AEZS-108 upregulates the tumor suppressor gene MASPIN, inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in LHRH receptor-positive uveal melanoma cells. The study suggests that targeted cytotoxic LHRH analogs like AEZS-108 could serve as an effective treatment for patients with this disease.
The study reveals that EGFR overexpression is associated with lower expression of multiple proliferation genes, leading to replication stress and decreased survival. Interestingly, certain proteins like CLPTM1L and PBXIP1 are upregulated in EGFR-activated cases, but this does not promote increased proliferation.
Chinese cabbage has an independent mechanism for flowering, differing from the model plant A. thaliana. IncRNA expression is induced by cold treatment, but not in the FLC locus.
Researchers developed a new molecule, HDO-antimiR, that can silence malfunctioning miRNA with heightened efficacy and lowered toxicity. It has been shown to be 12 times more efficient in binding to targeted miRNA and producing enhanced phenotypic effects in mice.
A new study led by Juana Díez has discovered a common regulator, Xrn1, that connects the three main stages of gene expression. This common coordinator prevents toxic aggregations in membrane proteins, ensuring the cell's robustness against genetic alterations.
Researchers have created a new CRISPR/Cas9 delivery system that reduces off-target effects and improves gene editing efficiency. The 'hit and run' approach delivers Cas9 activity transiently, allowing for highly efficient genome editing while minimizing unwanted results.
A Kanazawa University study found that Xeno/endobiotic metabolism potencies differ significantly between rat strains and sexes. The study quantified the absolute mRNA expression of Ugt isoforms in rats' livers and small intestines, revealing variations in metabolism between strains and sexes.
A comprehensive genomic study found that BACE1 and SIRT2 have significant roles in Alzheimer's disease progression, while ADAM10 and SIRT1 levels are lower in affected individuals. The study also reveals correlations between enzyme expression and cognitive performance scores.
Researchers developed a new technique called intron seqFISH that allows for the imaging of over 10,000 genes within single cells. This technique provides precise and instantaneous snapshots of single cells, revealing that gene expression oscillates globally across many genes on a surprisingly short timescale.
Exposure to high temperatures in Caenorhabditis elegans can lead to genetic changes that persist through both sperm and egg, affecting up to 14 generations. These changes are driven by a temperature-induced reduction in an enzyme, resulting in gene expression alterations that 'remember' the environmental stress.
Researchers found that stem cell transplant can accelerate cellular aging in patients with blood cancer, increasing the molecular age by up to three times pre-transplant levels. The study's findings may help physicians predict patient risk and benefit associated with the treatment.
Researchers at the University of Chicago and Tel Aviv University have discovered a new chemical modification that can boost gene conversion to proteins. The study enriches the epitranscriptome, a critical new dimension in molecular biology, suggesting an even larger cellular control panel.
Researchers at Rockefeller University found that mRNA components are expressed unevenly, with some regions carrying coding sequences and others not. This skewed expression may regulate protein production, particularly during embryonic development, and could provide new insights into gene function.
Researchers discovered that antidepressant amitriptyline increases FGF2 mRNA expression in astrocytes through RTK activation. This signaling cascade could guide the development of novel antidepressants with new mechanisms. The study expands on previous findings, identifying EGR1 as a necessary protein for FGF2 expression.
A new study found that an increase in CELF2 expression drives widespread changes in mRNA splicing during T-cell development, leading to physiologically important changes in proteins. The research provides unprecedented insight into the regulation of splicing during thymic development and reveals a biologic role for CELF2 in human T cells.
A new study published in the American Journal of Pathology suggests that HLA class I hyperexpression on pancreatic islet cells may not be a crucial step in developing type 1 diabetes. The study found discrepancies between results from immunohistochemistry and quantitative molecular techniques.
Research by Yan Yu et al. found that substance P receptor neurokinin 1 is highly expressed in both hippocampus and striatal marginal division, affecting learning and memory function. The study suggests a similar role of the marginal division in learning and memory as the hippocampus.
Researchers develop a new ISH method, called RNAscope ISH, for rapid and sensitive localization of mRNA molecules in plant tissues. This approach is faster and highly sensitive than traditional methods, allowing for precise quantification of gene expression.
Researchers found that Kaixin Jieyu Fang reduces cerebral white matter damage by increasing Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expression, while decreasing Bax protein and mRNA expression. This compound may provide a potential therapeutic approach for treating vascular depression through its protective effects on the brain.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have discovered that mRNA expression levels do not always reflect differences in protein expression between humans and chimpanzees. This finding suggests that protein expression levels may evolve under greater evolutionary constraint, potentially due to a yet-uncharacterized compensation mechanism.
Researchers found that messenger RNA expression affects bitter taste sensitivity in individuals with the same genetic makeup. The study discovered a direct relationship between mRNA expression and bitterness ratings of broccoli juice.
Liping Chen's study found that Shuyusan-containing serum increased survival rates of SH-SY5Y cells, reduced Bax expression, and elevated brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expression. The effect was more pronounced at high doses.
Researchers discovered a new aspect of the gene-splicing process that produces messenger RNA, controlled by the rare small RNA U6atac. This mechanism regulates hundreds of genes involved in cell growth, cell-cycle control, and global physiology.
The study found that Braintone increased the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, heme oxygenase-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in ischemic cortex of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion. This suggests a neuroprotective effect on ischemia-induced brain damage.
A new strategy uses synthetic small RNA to regulate multiple genes at the translation level, allowing for efficient development of microbial cell factories. This method enables fine control of gene expression levels, transferability to different host strains, and identification of essential genes.
Recent studies have discovered new negative regulators in Egfr signaling, explored whole-genome association mapping in yeast, and resolved the mutation load paradox in humans. Researchers also developed a method for identifying lethal alleles using next-generation sequencing.
Researchers discovered that RfaH protein can unfold and reform into a completely new structure, granting it an additional function. This remarkable ability has significant implications for gene expression control and protein structure studies.
A team of scientists has discovered that two competing noncoding RNAs play a crucial role in regulating FLO11 gene expression in yeast cells, allowing them to adapt to different environments. This finding provides new understanding of location-dependent gene expression and its significance in various biological processes.
The study found that mindin expression is upregulated during intestinal inflammation and induces NF-κB activation through a TLR-9 mediated manner. This suggests the importance of the TLR-9 mediated pathway in defining mindin's function and signaling pathways.
A study by Jeff Coller and his team reveals that messenger RNA (mRNA) is predominantly degraded on ribosomes, altering the common dogma of how gene expression is controlled within cells. This finding has significant implications for understanding genetic diseases linked to mRNA degradation.
The Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates the expression of cystathionase, an enzyme involved in hydrogen sulfide production. FXR agonists may correct for altered endogenous vasodilator generation in chronic liver diseases.