Articles tagged with Reactive Oxygen Species
A review highlights how reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence multiple inflammatory pathways, including NF-κB, Nrf2, HIF-1, and the NLRP3 inflammasome, and how their effects depend on biological context. ROS not only cause damage but also act as signaling molecules under physiological conditions.
Researchers at Nagoya University review the latest results of plasma agriculture, finding that well-tuned plasma treatments boost seed vigor or yield in over two-thirds of studies. Plasma-induced epigenetic changes also promote positive expression of plant genes involved in germination and stress tolerance.
Researchers found that ROS-producing enzymes coordinate cell proliferation, tissue integrity, and differentiation in plants. The study used a liverwort model to examine the role of RBOHs in plant development, revealing their importance in maintaining normal cell shape and tissue organization.
A new study finds herbal cigarettes can be as damaging as tobacco cigarettes, emitting comparable or even more harmful emissions. Fine particles and oxidative potential were measured, revealing a significant risk to cardiovascular and respiratory health.
Researchers at Flinders University developed a high-performance coating made from peppermint essential oil that protects against infection, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The coating demonstrates strong antibacterial action against key pathogens, including E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Researchers at The University of Osaka have developed an eco-friendly method to produce highly stable and biocompatible gold nanoparticles using microalgae. This breakthrough enables the creation of safer and more effective cancer therapies with fewer side effects for patients.
Researchers found that sunlight can transform synthetic fabrics into tiny plastic fibers, releasing thousands of microscopic fragments. The study shows that fabric color and dye chemistry significantly impact microfiber generation, highlighting the need for sustainable textile design.
Researchers at ISTA have discovered a way to tune singlet oxygen, a highly reactive ROS that causes cell damage and degrades batteries. By controlling the pH inside mitochondria, they can produce more 'good' triplet oxygen and reduce the production of 'bad' singlet oxygen.
Researchers reveal protons and superoxide ions mediate long-distance charge transport between cytochrome c and respiratory complex III. This discovery improves understanding of cellular respiration regulation and could inspire new protonic devices.
This study found that ATOX1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth by activating the c-Myb/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. ATOX1 also reduces copper accumulation and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to apoptosis in HCC cells.
Researchers have reimagined hemoglobin as an antioxidant protein in the brain, where it breaks down harmful reactive oxygen species. A new compound, KDS12025, selectively enhances this natural defense mechanism to protect against ALS, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and autoimmune disorders.
Researchers found that sodium phytate inhibits oxygen release and promotes stability in high-nickel oxide cathodes, leading to improved safety and electrochemical performance. The results showed a decrease in thermal runaway temperatures and enhanced cycle life, making PN-modified cathodes suitable for higher voltage operations.
Researchers at Mass General Brigham have identified mutations in VPS35 that can prevent chemotherapy-induced cell death, leading to treatment-resistant tumors. Higher tumoral VPS35 levels were associated with improved treatment responses and overall survival rates in patients with ovarian cancer.
Researchers from the University of Surrey found that a balance between reactive nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species affects drug-resistant bacteria. The study suggests treatments boosting reactive nitrogen species may be effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a novel method to accelerate the development of single-atom catalysts (SACs) for robust and efficient water purification. Using data-driven predictions, they identified an optimized Fe-SAC with high decontamination performance, breaking down pollutants in water.
Researchers found that anthocyanin in wind-pollinated tree stigmas protects pollen germination and growth by scavenging reactive oxygen species. This adaptation helps protect exposed reproductive parts from sun damage.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University developed a method to detect inflammation using antibodies, potentially leading to blood tests for disease-specific biomarkers. The breakthrough also holds promise for drug discovery.
Researchers from Osaka University found that selenoproteins are essential for counteracting lipid peroxides and maintaining hematopoiesis in human cells. The study also showed that dietary Vitamin E can protect hematopoiesis and repair impaired B cell differentiation, providing potential strategies for fighting age-related diseases.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have identified a key gene, glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), that enables Syrian hamsters to survive extreme cold by limiting cellular damage. The discovery could lead to new treatments for human health, such as improving organ preservation and using hypothermia as a therapeutic tool.
A study by Baylor College of Medicine researchers reveals that Tau protein mitigates neuronal damage caused by reactive oxygen species and promotes healthy aging. The findings support a new neuroprotective role for Tau against the toxicity associated with ROS.
A study found that men infected with high-risk types of HPV could experience sperm death from oxidative stress, leading to impaired fertility. The researchers also discovered a weakened local immune response in the urogenital tract, which may contribute to these effects.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University found that Ecklonia cava polyphenols can protect against neurodegeneration and improve motor function in Parkinson's disease model mice. The antioxidants activate the AMPK enzyme and inhibit reactive oxygen species production, reducing neuronal cell death.
Twendee X reduces oxidative stress, improves skin and lung health, and suppresses fibrosis in SSc mouse models. The supplement's antioxidant effects are likely more potent than individual compounds alone.
A Stanford University study finds that increased humidity can create anti-viral compounds in air microdroplets, potentially reducing the spread of airborne viruses. The researchers recommend maintaining relative humidity levels between 40-60% to achieve this effect.
Researchers at the University of Córdoba designed a new plasma reactor that generates reactive species capable of degrading organic compounds and killing microorganisms in water. The new configuration expands the applicability of this type of plasmas, enabling efficient removal of high concentrations of dyes from water in minutes.
Researchers identified Benidipine as a compound promoting the death of cigarette smoke-induced senescent lung cells, improving lung emphysema. The dihydropyridine family of calcium channel blockers constitutes a new class of senolytics that could improve lung diseases.
Mitochondrial fragmentation is a key mechanism underlying ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD), leading to excessive reactive oxygen species production and calcium homeostasis impairment. Blocking mitochondrial fission at the initiation of mechanical ventilation with a molecule like P110 could potentially prevent VIDD.
A research team has developed a technology that selectively targets and eliminates aging cells, contributing to various inflammatory conditions. This approach represents a new paradigm for treating age-related diseases with minimal toxicity concerns.
Researchers at City University of Hong Kong have developed a new class of near-infrared-activated photo-oxidants that can effectively kill cancer cells without requiring oxygen. The discovery offers a promising direction for developing anti-cancer drugs and could overcome existing limitations of photodynamic therapies.
Researchers have developed a molecular 'singlet oxygen battery' that can target and kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria in deep tissue layers. The technology, which does not require external light or oxygen, is highly effective in treating pulmonary infections caused by MRSA.
The study found that multiple copies of two genes, cldnj and fthl27, enable the hadal snailfish to maintain auditory senses and withstand high pressure. The fish's genetic variations allowed it to adapt to the absence of light in the deep sea, with some genes related to circadian rhythms lost.
The nucleus is metabolically active and uses antioxidant enzymes to repair DNA damage. Cells relocate mitochondrial machinery to the nucleus in response to DNA damage, highlighting a paradigm shift in cellular biology.
Researchers developed a novel hybrid protein complex by binding lysozyme to copper for enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) removal. The CuST@lysozyme hybrid protein showed high SOD activity and stability in biological fluids, paving the way for its therapeutic applications.
A research team at Hokkaido University has developed a system to deliver antioxidants to mitochondria in the liver, reducing oxidative stress and damaging caused by ROS. The system, called CoQ10-MITO-Porter, was found to be more effective when downsized particles were used.
Researchers at Ritsumeikan University have made a breakthrough in understanding how macrophages recognize microplastics, discovering an interaction between aromatic rings that drives this process. The study suggests that while microplastics may not induce acute inflammation, chronic exposure could lead to autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have overturned the traditional view that oxygen derives from water splitting, instead finding that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced at mineral-water interfaces are a key source of oxygen. This discovery has significant implications for understanding the evolution of Earth's atmosphere and the habitability of early life.
High concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected in intertidal sands of the Wadden Sea. ROS inhibit microbial activity, reducing mineralization processes such as aerobic respiration and sulfate reduction, but their removal boosts microbial growth.
Researchers detected high levels of hydrogen peroxide in pancreatic cancer cells, which makes it a critical target for cancer treatment and research. The study also showed that cancer-promoting mutations lead to suppressed genetic expression of enzymes breaking down hydrogen peroxide.
Researchers found that SIRT6 maintains mitochondrial function through transcription regulation of mitochondrial genes. Without SIRT6, mitochondrial gene expression is down-regulated, leading to increased ROS production and impaired ATP generation, similar to changes observed in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
A study by Tokyo Institute of Technology mapped how singlet oxygen molecules travel along DNA strands, shedding light on their propagation and oxidation patterns. The research could lead to more efficient and selective photosensitizer agents for targeted photodynamic therapy, a promising cancer treatment.
Researchers investigated micro-sized polyethylene's toxicity on human colorectal cancer cells, finding decreased cell viability and increased reactive oxygen species production. Exposure to high doses caused cell death and oxidative stress responses.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis found that nanoplastics from polystyrene can produce reactive oxygen species when exposed to light, which can harm wildlife and the aquatic ecosystem. The study suggests that smaller particle sizes of nanoplastics may be more reactive and decompose faster under light.
Regenstrief Institute Research Scientist Sikandar Khan received the prestigious Paul Beeson Emerging Leaders Career Development Award to study the role of reactive oxygen species in cognitive impairment. The award supports his work on delirium, a common complication in ICU patients with acute respiratory failure, which can lead to post...
A new strategy for treating rheumatoid arthritis has been proposed, integrating small interfering RNAs and Prussian blue nanoparticles to silence proinflammatory cytokines and scavenge reactive oxygen species. The approach was tested in a mouse model, showing improved therapeutic efficacy and real-time monitoring capabilities.
The study found that a combination of NOX1, loss of function, and TNF leads to an abnormal increase in microfold cells, driving increased recruitment of immune cells. Reversing the defect with reactive oxygen species restored healthy gut balance. Further studies on reactive oxygen species-stem cell modulation therapy are proposed.
A team from The Institute of Industrial Science at The University of Tokyo has developed a new platform that uses organorhodium(III) phthalocyanine complexes to achieve the combination of traits necessary for photodynamic therapy. The new system shows toxicity to HeLa cells, indicating its potential as a cancer treatment.
A new class of light-activated hemithioindigo molecules developed by Rice University scientists kill specific Gram-positive bacteria and their biofilms. The molecules induce reactive oxygen species that chemically attack and destroy drug-resistant cells, offering a safer alternative to conventional antibiotics.
Researchers have discovered that reactive oxygen species (ROS) can serve as a communication signal to indicate plant stress, which is critical for crop survival and can significantly decrease with multiple stressors. By monitoring ROS levels, farmers can identify plants under stress and take corrective measures to prevent crop loss.
Researchers discovered that human egg cells skip a crucial metabolic reaction to maintain their reproductive capacity without losing energy, allowing them to remain dormant in ovaries for up to 50 years. This finding explains why some women with mitochondrial conditions linked to this reaction do not experience reduced fertility.
Researchers discovered that stressed plants produce salicylic acid, a protective hormone, to counteract stress caused by climate change. This discovery could help plants survive increasing stress and ultimately protect the food supply.
A new study reveals that oxidative damage to telomeres can trigger cellular senescence, leading to the development of 'zombie cells'. Researchers found that damage at telomeres disrupts DNA replication and induces stress signaling pathways, contributing to age-related diseases.
A team of scientists has developed a solar-powered water filter that can remove pathogens, pesticides, and micropollutants from contaminated water. The filter uses titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanowires and carbon nanotubes to produce reactive oxygen species that kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms.
The Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center has received a five-year, $1.87 million NIH grant to investigate the role of vitamin A depletion in Alzheimer's disease. The research aims to test the hypothesis that a lack of antioxidant all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) promotes reactive oxygen species toxicity.
A study led by Frank Keppler and Ilka Bischofs reveals that all organisms release methane, with the process driven by reactive oxygen species. The researchers verified this finding in over 30 model organisms, including bacteria, archaea, yeasts, plant cells, and human cell lines.
Researchers have found that two receptors on the surface of endothelial cells come together to enable new blood vessel growth. The discovery reveals a new connection between copper metabolism and angiogenesis, highlighting CTR1 as a potential therapeutic target for conditions like ischemic heart disease.
Researchers have developed a CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system to enhance the effectiveness of sonodynamic therapy, allowing tumors to be effectively shrunk in a mouse model of liver cancer. The technology reduces antioxidant defense systems, increasing cancer cell death from the treatment.
Researchers have developed a new cancer photodrug that can treat deep-seated tumors more effectively and with reduced toxicity. Copper cysteamine photosensitizers allow the production of reactive oxygen species to kill cancer cells, minimizing damage to healthy cells.
The April issue of SLAS Technology explores the therapeutic potential of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in applications ranging from wound healing and hair growth enhancement to cancer treatment and stem cell differentiation. However, limitations in controlling the temporal pattern of ROS release hinder their clinical translation.
A recent study published in Circulation reveals that immune cells can activate inflammation in the heart by modifying proteins, leading to structural changes and cardiac dysfunction. The researchers have identified a potential target for new treatments, an agent that binds to specific molecules altering cardiac proteins.
Researchers developed SuperNova2, an enhanced version of phototoxic protein SuperNova, for localized oxidative stress and molecular biology tasks. The new protein displays high speed and completeness of maturation, making it suitable for various applications.