Articles tagged with Salts
A clinical trial found that moderate salt restriction reduced blood pressure and depressive symptoms without adverse effects in patients with primary aldosteronism. The study suggests a feasible approach to improving care for these patients and may also benefit those with essential hypertension.
Researchers developed StarCrete, a cosmic concrete made from Martian dust, potato starch, and salt, which is twice as strong as regular concrete. The material's compressive strength reaches 72 MPa, making it suitable for space construction.
The study reveals hydrated salts can lose their facets and become soft when slowly dissolved in humid air, exhibiting liquid-like molecular mobility at their surfaces. This finding challenges the conventional understanding of crystal formation and behavior.
Research suggests that females are more prone to salt sensitivity, leading to higher blood pressure, particularly after menopause. Salt sensitivity affects about half of hypertension cases and is often linked to treatment-resistant hypertension.
Researchers used AI to map sparse life hidden in salt domes, rocks, and crystals at Salar de Pajonales, a Martian analog. The study found that microbial life is concentrated in patchy biological hotspots linked to water availability, and AI can detect biosignatures up to 87.5% of the time.
Researchers have identified four simple ways to minimize the formation of potentially harmful disinfection byproducts when cooking pasta with iodized table salt and chloramine-treated water. By using straining noodles and boiling without a lid, people can significantly reduce their exposure to these compounds.
Researchers have discovered that convection of saline water beneath the surface is responsible for the formation of hexagonal honeycomb patterns in salt deserts. The consistent size and shape of these patterns can be attributed to the unique combination of temperature, salinity, and groundwater flow.
Researchers identify a new mechanism of corrosion morphology using electron tomography and theoretical calculations, finding a one-dimensional wormhole structure in metal alloys. The study could lead to the development of more advanced materials with improved resistance to localized corrosion.
Scientists have discovered a new type of solid crystal that forms when water and table salt combine in cold and high-pressure conditions, potentially existing on the surface of Jupiter's moons. This finding has significant implications for planetary science and the search for extraterrestrial life, as it could explain the mysterious ch...
Researchers have developed a chloride-free salt mixture that can melt snow and ice on roads for seven to eight years. The new asphalt additive, made from waste products and polymers, provides effective winter road safety without the downsides of traditional salt-based solutions.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a new method using cooperating catalysts to perform challenging dearomative carboxylation reactions. This process enables the production of α-amino acids, which are potentially useful for drug development, and offers greater freedom in designing and synthesizing molecules with carboxyl ...
The UK comic Beano promotes unhealthy food brands through quizzes and games on its website, raising concerns among health experts. The company collects data on children's consumption preferences, which is sold to companies, contributing to the problem.
A new solar distillation device, developed by KAUST professors and researchers, can purify brine from seawater with high efficiency. The device produces double the freshwater production rate of existing technology, meeting the drinking needs of two people daily.
Researchers at New York University captured extremely fast dynamics of water molecules moving around salt ions at a scale of over a trillion times per second. The findings allow for more reliable models of ion dynamics, which could improve rechargeable batteries and MRIs.
Experimental physicists discovered that water impurities become entrapped within icicles, creating chevron patterns and ripple effects. The study reveals that internal patterns are connected to external shapes, leading to a deeper understanding of natural ice formations.
A lower frequency of adding salt to foods is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease, regardless of lifestyle factors and pre-existing disease. Combining a DASH-style diet with low salt usage further improves heart health.
A high-salt diet was found to increase the levels of a stress hormone by 75 per cent in mice, indicating that excessive salt consumption may contribute to higher blood pressure and related health risks. Experts hope the findings will encourage policy changes to reduce salt intake in processed foods.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have discovered a mechanism by which lipids regulate pacemaker ion channel proteins in the heart. By disrupting a specific molecular connection, certain lipids can enhance pacemaker channel activity, leading to potential treatments for cardiac arrhythmias and other conditions.
Researchers at University of Copenhagen discover that plants use stress hormone ABA to reorganize their roots and grow away from salty areas. This mechanism could lead to the development of more salt-tolerant crops, reducing crop yields loss due to salinity.
Researchers used live fluorescence imaging experiments to uncover the mechanism behind cell volume regulation, revealing that WNK kinases activate the 'switch' through phase separation. This discovery has implications for human health, particularly in relation to kidney function and salt-sensitive hypertension.
Scientists have developed a method to store and release highly pure hydrogen using salts in the presence of amino acids, which could make large-scale hydrogen storage more feasible. The technique uses potassium salts, manganese-based catalysts, and amino acids to produce high-yield and pure hydrogen with minimal byproducts.
A research team at UFSCar developed a biodegradable slow-release fertilizer using modified nanocellulose, which releases nutrients slowly and in a controlled manner. The material is designed to reduce the release of non-biodegradable chemicals into the ecosystem.
Research identifies Colorado River flow decline as main cause of Salton Sea's shrinking, leading to increased salt and chemical concentrations. The study highlights the need for a watershed-centric approach to mitigate the environmental risks and health impacts of the Salton Sea's decline.
Researchers at KAUST have developed ultrathin polymer-based ordered membranes that simultaneously exhibit high water flux and high salt rejection. The membranes display excellent performance in both forward and reverse osmosis configurations, surpassing those containing advanced materials like carbon nanotubes and graphene.
The Great Salt Lake is losing freshwater input to agriculture and urban growth, causing salt concentrations to spike. Like Iran's Lake Urmia, it's reaching levels stressful for brine shrimp and brine flies, which are essential for migratory birds.
Researchers at PNNL and UW discover a flow-based method to isolate pure magnesium salt from seawater, skipping energy-intensive purification steps. This approach could revolutionize US domestic magnesium production and enable more efficient processing of seawater.
A recent study by Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center researchers has shed light on the mechanisms of salt transport across membrane barriers. The findings have significant implications for treating cystic fibrosis, a disease caused by mutations in three types of sodium-potassium pumps.
A recent study published in Ear, Nose & Throat Journal found that twice-daily nasal irrigation with saline solution significantly reduced hospitalizations and deaths among patients with COVID-19, particularly those aged 55 and older. The technique is safe, effective, and inexpensive, offering a vital public health impact.
The U.S. Department of Energy has renewed funding for a research center studying molten salts, which have potential applications in improving the safety and efficiency of nuclear power. The center, led by Brookhaven National Laboratory, will receive $13.3 million over four years to advance our understanding of molten salt properties.
A new study led by a 16-year-old scientist found that certain ultra-processed foods, such as candy and pastries, can lead to increased consumption of other unhealthy foods among teenagers. Reducing consumption of these 'gateway' foods may help reduce overall unhealthy food intake and positively impact health.
Two large studies found a link between high consumption of ultra-processed foods and increased risks of cardiovascular disease, bowel cancer, and death. The findings support policies limiting ultra-processed foods and promote eating unprocessed or minimally-processed foods for improved public health.
Researchers at the University of Münster have identified a specific group of cells in plant roots that react to salt stress, forming a 'sodium-sensing niche' and triggering a calcium signal. This signal is controlled by a calcium-binding protein (CBL8) that helps pump out salt from the plant under severe stress conditions.
Researchers at NUS developed a self-charging fabric-based 'battery' that can generate electricity from air moisture using sea salt as an absorbent. The device provides higher electrical output than conventional AA batteries and has long-lasting performance.
A 1g reduction in daily salt intake could prevent nearly 9 million cases of heart disease and stroke in China by 2030, saving 4 million lives. This is based on a modelling study that estimates the impact of reducing salt intake across the nation.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have successfully synthesized the cationic low-valent aluminum complex [Al(AlCp*)3]+, which exhibits ambiphilic reactivity. This breakthrough brings us closer to developing catalysts using abundant and earth-abundant metal like aluminum, potentially replacing expensive transition metals.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have created a novel deelectronator made from a commercially available chemical, allowing for the production of previously unknown cluster cations. This breakthrough enables the efficient removal of electrons while preserving complex structures.
Researchers from NUS Medicine developed a probiotic that detects antibiotic-induced microbiome imbalance and regulates bile salt metabolism to prevent Clostridioides difficile infection. The probiotic significantly reduced CDI in laboratory models, demonstrating a 100% survival rate and improved clinical outcomes.
Researchers have developed a novel simulation method to calculate free energy using deep learning artificial intelligence, providing accurate models of molten salts' thermodynamic properties. The study could help examine corrosion in metal containers and improve the design of next-generation nuclear reactors.
Studies in rats have found that T-cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contribute to preeclampsia complications. Researchers are exploring ways to dampen this response to reduce the risk of premature birth or worse outcomes for mother and child.
Research suggests that overly restrictive salt intake may worsen outcomes for people with a common form of heart failure, particularly in younger individuals and those of black and other ethnicities. The study found that participants who consumed more salt had a lower risk of hospital admission for heart failure.
A comprehensive new study examines the hydrological impact of lithium mining in Chile's Salar de Atacama, revealing that most water used is decades old. The research highlights the complexity of the region's hydrology and the need for longer-term monitoring to ensure responsible water usage.
Researchers developed a heart-healthy diet based on traditional Chinese cuisine that reduced sodium levels by half, increased dietary fiber, and cut fat intake. The study found significant blood pressure reductions among participants, with potential implications for cardiovascular disease prevention.
A study of over 500,000 people found that those who always added salt to their food had a 28% increased risk of dying prematurely. This is equivalent to one more person in every hundred dying prematurely due to excessive salt intake.
A recent study found regional variations in iodine status across Canada, with higher deficiency rates in Vancouver and Quebec City. The researchers identified dietary sources of iodine, including seaweed, seafood, and dairy products, as well as environmental factors that may contribute to lower iodine intake.
A Japanese research team has developed a chopstick-shaped device that uses weak electrical charges to stimulate the tongue's saltiness. The study found that individuals following a low-sodium diet can reduce their salt intake by 30% through electric taste stimulation, enhancing the full flavor of salty foods.
A study of over 1000 consumers from Australia and NZ found that 27% would pay nearly double the price for 'healthy' drinks with low/no sugar, natural/no additives, or vitamins and minerals. Younger consumers (18-24 years) are more likely to be interested in healthy drinks.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia identified a new high-salt receptor, IR7c, in fruit flies that governs their ability to detect dangerously high concentrations of salt. This discovery provides insights into how animals sense and avoid excessive salt, which is essential for survival but can be toxic in high amounts.
Researchers from Japan have found that organic vapors can trigger the dissolution of molecular salts in a way similar to water vapor. This phenomenon, known as organic deliquescence, has potential applications for cleaning up indoor pollutants and can be used to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from indoor environments.
Scientists identified proline-modified dipeptides and larger proteins that enhance umami and salty flavors in soy sauce. This discovery could help producers optimize fermentation conditions to boost desirable compounds and tailor the taste of soy sauce.
The American Society for Nutrition hosted a live virtual debate on the concept of ultra-processed foods, with leading scientists presenting arguments for and against incorporating it into dietary guidelines. Research suggests that consumption of ultra-processed foods is linked to weight gain and increased risk of chronic diseases.
Researchers at Purdue University found that the presence of salt in seawater can impact a planet's habitability, with saltier oceans tending to result in warmer climates. This discovery may allow life beyond our solar system to exist further from its host star than previously thought.
Great Salt Lake wetland plants can accumulate hazardous metal pollution, which can be passed up the food chain to herbivorous insects. This study found high concentrations of lead, mercury, and other metals in plant tissues, threatening terrestrial ecosystems.
Researchers have developed a new carbon capture method using sponge-like materials that can trap CO2 without degrading over time. The materials are made from sugar and low-cost alkali metal salts, making them a potentially cost-effective solution for reducing coal-fired power plant emissions.
Researchers developed efficient metal-free polymeric scintillators for high-resolution X-ray imaging, outperforming conventional anthracene-based scintillators. The polymers exhibit multicolor radioluminescence and high photostability, enabling applications in radiation detection, medical diagnosis, and security inspection.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science have designed a tunable physical reservoir device based on dielectric relaxation at an electrode-ionic liquid interface. The system can store and process analog signals, enabling real-time processing of signals in living environments.
A comprehensive review of scientific literature on sodium reduction strategies in food production identifies five main approaches: salt reduction, salt replacers, flavor modification, physical modification, and functional modification. These methods can help food companies reduce sodium content while maintaining palatability.
The Rice University lab has improved the recipe for synthesizing molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a highly sought-after material for its semiconducting properties. By using iodized salt, the team was able to speed up the synthesis process while reducing growth temperatures.
The SODIUM-HF trial found that reducing sodium intake for one year improved quality of life and slowed heart failure progression in patients. However, it did not significantly reduce major adverse events or hospitalizations. The study suggests that individualized recommendations may be beneficial for certain patients.
A study of 806 patients with heart failure found that reducing sodium intake improved symptoms such as swelling, fatigue, and coughing. However, it had no effect on rates of death, hospitalization, or emergency department visits. The researchers recommend a lower sodium intake limit for heart failure patients.
Researchers found that increasing availability of healthier options, such as low-fat chips and lower-calorie biscuits, led to significant changes in purchasing behaviors. Removing seasonal chocolates from prominent locations also attenuated the usual increase in confectionery sales.