Researchers from Mass General Brigham introduce a data-driven approach to prioritizing genes for public health consideration in newborn genomic sequencing programs. The model achieves high accuracy in predicting gene selection across programs, providing a ranked list of genes that can adapt to new evidence and regional needs.
Scientists have developed a new PET imaging compound to visualize key enzymes in mental health, enabling multiple same-day scans. Additionally, researchers have discovered that PET scans can detect not only HER2-positive but also HER2-low breast cancer lesions.
The American Heart Association has awarded $900,000 to four organizations to improve food access in under-resourced communities through the Bernard J. Tyson Impact Fund. The funding supports social enterprises that specifically address food security, particularly among mothers, infants, and people with diabetes.
Researchers developed an AI-based music creation support system called Amuse, which converts user inputs into harmonic structures to support composition. The system has high potential as a creative companion for musicians and is centered on the creator's initiative.
A new study highlights the need for better patient-provider communications regarding sexual health, particularly among general practitioners. Despite considering treating sexual problems an important healthcare practice, GPs are more likely to report barriers due to short appointment times and lack of knowledge about sexual medicine.
Researchers found that eastern and western chimpanzees exhibit different drumming patterns, including evenly spaced hits and alternating intervals. Western chimpanzees use a faster tempo and integrated their drumming earlier in pant-hoot vocalizations.
A new study found that animal manure is a preferable option for limiting metal contamination in agricultural soils. In contrast, oestrogenic activity in the Scheldt estuary decreases downstream, indicating the impact of wastewater treatment and European regulations.
An international team led by the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids created three-dimensional superconducting nanostructures with controlled superconducting states and demonstrated motion of nanoscale defects in a 3D bridge-like superconductor. This breakthrough enables the exploration of novel effects and development ...
Researchers from SWPS University developed a virtual nurse, FLORA, to persuade people to get vaccinated. Studies show that conversations with FLORA significantly increase willingness to vaccinate, even in low-risk groups. The approach can combat misinformation and conspiracy theories, promoting public health.
A study found that 17% of newly arrived immigrants in Sweden reported hearing conversation difficulties, with over half experiencing established hearing problems. The study highlights the crucial role of hearing in language acquisition and social integration for this population.
A research team used the EnMAP satellite to detect carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide in power plant emissions with unprecedented spatial resolution. The study provides new insights into industrial pollutant emissions and enables more transparent satellite-based monitoring.
Researchers achieve plastic warm metalworking in previously brittle semiconductors, enabling efficient and cost-effective manufacturing of high-performance electronic devices. The new technique unlocks new opportunities for scalable fabrication of thermoelectric devices with improved performance.
Researchers discovered a key step in the hepatic ERK pathway that triggers insulin production in response to colonic inflammation caused by obesity. The study reveals a novel role of the gastrointestinal tract in regulating glucose homeostasis.
The study resolved two cryo-EM structures of the Nipah virus L protein in complex with the P protein, revealing well-defined RdRp and PRNTase domains. The P protein formed a tetrameric bundle interacting with the L protein via hydrophobic interactions and zinc-binding sites essential for polymerase activity.
A new biocatalyst for hydrogen production has been discovered in a thermophilic bacterium, demonstrating exceptional heat and oxygen stability. The research team used various techniques to gain insights into the protein's structure and mechanism, revealing crucial amino acids that contribute to its high oxygen resistance.
A recent study reveals that mitochondrial activity and gene expression vary significantly between tissues, even within the same person. The researchers found minimal correlation in mitochondrial function between tissues, with some cases showing negatively correlated functions.
A team of researchers at Rice University developed a new strategy for identifying hazardous pollutants in soil using light-based imaging and machine learning algorithms. The approach can detect toxic compounds like PAHs and PACs even when no experimental data is available, addressing a critical gap in environmental monitoring.
A new film series, 'The Deadly Five,' is launched to raise awareness of five critical animal infectious diseases affecting animal and public health. The series explores disease surveillance, prevention, and control through scientific insights and global collaborations.
The RSV protein subunit vaccine showed similar efficacy to clinical trials, with diminished immune response in immunocompromised patients. The vaccine was associated with a small increased risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome, but not immune thrombocytopenic purpura.
Skia identifies and decodes shadow branches, storing them in a memory area to alleviate bottlenecks and improve throughput. The technique can lead to quicker performance and less power consumption for data centers.
A new study suggests that multi-strain probiotics can alleviate chemotherapy-related side effects such as fatigue, nausea, and weakness. Probiotics have been shown to improve blood urea nitrogen levels and enable patients to perform daily activities more independently.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that DNA's behavior changes in a crowded environment, affecting the amount of stress required for strand separation. The study used microscopic magnetic tweezers to investigate interactions between DNA and various molecules.
A marine bacterium produces an organic detergent to attach to oil droplets, allowing it to feed on energy-rich chains. The synthetic pathway of this detergent involves three enzymes and has potential biotech applications for microbial production of key chemical compounds.
A University at Buffalo study found that historically redlined neighborhoods have a disproportionate impact on breast cancer factors and survival, with lower socioeconomic status and exposure to pollution contributing to the increased risk. The research suggests that addressing environmental disparities in these communities is crucial ...
Researchers have developed highly sensitive X-ray detectors using green fabrication methods, surpassing commercial detectors in both sensitivity and long-term stability. The new materials, which can be produced without solvents through ball milling, enable lower radiation exposure during medical imaging procedures.
A new study found that expressions of moral outrage on social media increase post virality but don't necessarily translate to petition signing behavior. Online expressions focusing on agency, group identity, and prosociality are more likely to generate signatures.
A recent study from POSTECH University evaluated ground-level NO2 concentrations using satellite remote sensing data, revealing significant socioeconomic disparities in air pollution exposure. The research found that areas with higher socioeconomic levels had higher NO2 concentrations, contradicting previous findings in other countries.
Mother wasps exhibit exceptional brainpower in managing food for their young, using visual landmarks to locate and remember up to nine separate nests. This intricate scheduling ensures the survival of their offspring, with mothers adjusting feeding orders based on availability and larval development.
Pregnant women with fatty liver disease are at an increased risk of giving birth prematurely, with a threefold higher risk compared to the general population. The study also found that women with fatty liver disease had a 63% higher risk of caesarean section.
Researchers at TUM have developed a new material that exceeds existing records for ion conductivity in solid-state batteries by incorporating scandium into a lithium antimonide compound, creating specific gaps for easier lithium movement
Researchers at KIST develop a high-performance supercapacitor that stores more energy while releasing it faster, improving efficiency and durability. The technology can be used as a replacement or complement to existing battery systems in electric vehicles, drones, and wearable devices.
Researchers have mapped a 7,000-year-old genetic mutation that provides protection against HIV, found in 18-25% of the Danish population. The mutation arose in an individual from the Black Sea region between 6,700 and 9,000 years ago.
Researchers developed a novel Pt/W@NCNF composite catalyst with enhanced CO tolerance and catalytic stability, achieving higher HOR exchange current density and mass activity than state-of-the-art Pt/C. The unique atomical dispersion of W sites on N-doped carbon nanofibers modifies the electronic structure of Pt.
Researchers from China summarize recent progress in wearable plant sensing devices for intelligent agricultural monitoring. These devices can monitor plant growth rate, leaf surface temperature, humidity, organic volatiles, and electrophysiological signals in real time.
A study found that road networks have a significant effect on the distribution of plant specimens in China, with collection activities becoming increasingly reliant on roads. To improve representativeness and completeness of survey outcomes, future surveys should prioritize areas with limited road network coverage.
A team of Brown University researchers has developed an artificial intelligence model called MotionGlot that can generate movement in robots and animated figures. The model enables users to type an action and generates accurate representations of that motion, translating across different robot and figure types.
A study found a consistent 9–12-year cycle in beetle-related salvage logging across Austria, Czechia, and Slovakia, aligned with solar minima. During low TSI, logging spikes up to 24%, while high TSI drops as low as 3%–5%. This pattern sheds light on climate and solar dynamics converging to affect forest health.
Researchers developed a technique that enables robots to learn about an object's weight, softness, or contents by picking it up and gently shaking it. This method uses internal sensors and simulation processes to rapidly identify characteristics of the object, making it suitable for applications where cameras might be less effective.
A novel power system dispatch model optimizes thermal power, wind power, PV generation, and energy storage systems for cost reduction, carbon emission control, and stability enhancement. Increasing ESS capacity improves renewable energy utilization while mitigating power generation fluctuations.
The BRICS countries, accounting for 45% of global GHG emissions, need to transition towards cleaner energy to achieve carbon neutrality goals. The study's energy-economic model projects that non-fossil fuel share will reach 85% in some nations by carbon neutrality deadlines.
This study reveals periostin as a superior serum biomarker for diagnosing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, with high sensitivity and specificity compared to traditional markers. Periostin levels also correlate with disease severity and predict acute exacerbations in IPF patients.
A Phase II trial demonstrates the safety and clinical benefit of PRL3-zumab, a novel humanised antibody therapy targeting PRL3 in advanced solid cancers. The treatment has shown promising results, slowing disease progression in patients with no response to existing treatments.
Viet Le, a clinician and researcher, will serve as the next editor of the American College of Cardiology's CardioSmart program. The program aims to personalize care and foster partnership between patients and clinicians through trusted resources and tools.
Researchers classify MXene applications in TENGs into four types: conductive layer, triboelectric layer, filler of polymer film as triboelectric layer, and charge trapping layer. MXenes exhibit excellent performance due to their unique combination of properties, such as electronegativity, electrical conductivity, and flexibility.
A recent study by USDA Forest Service researchers highlights the critical need for understanding and managing nonnative forest specialist and generalist pests. Specialists caused more tree deaths, while generalists inflicted more nonlethal damage due to their broader impact across multiple species.
Scientists create two innovative electrolysis systems that use urea found in urine and wastewater to produce green hydrogen at a lower cost than traditional methods. The breakthrough overcomes limitations such as toxic by-products and corrosion issues, paving the way for scalable production.
Researchers developed a small sensor system that tracks passing cars and sends data to riders' phones. The team tested the system in Seattle and found a significant correlation between close passes and other indicators of cycling risk. The system could support mapping or navigating cyclists on safer bike routes through cities.
The journal Nano Research Energy has been accepted for inclusion in the Web of Science (Emerging Sources Citation Index). This recognition acknowledges the publication's high-quality research papers and review articles on nanomaterials and nanotechnology for energy.
A new material platform is introduced to overcome limitations of conventional solid-state acousto-optic phase modulators. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) acousto-optic phase modulator enables fourfold increase in phase modulation index and sub-MHz spectral resolution.
A groundbreaking study finds North Korea engages in unsustainable and illegal wildlife trade, breaching its own laws and posing a threat to biodiversity recovery. The country's economic hardship drives black market trade, with hunters simultaneously engaging in state-sanctioned and black market trade.
A new AI tool, FaceAge, estimates a person's biological age from their facial characteristics, which is associated with cancer survival outcomes. The tool outperforms clinicians in predicting short-term life expectancies for patients receiving palliative radiotherapy.
A single blood test could identify early-stage cancer in up to half of cases, potentially preventing late-stage disease and improving patient outcomes. Regular MCED testing showed more favourable diagnostic rates than usual care alone, with annual screenings having a higher impact on stage shift.
Even among non-smokers, women are 50% more likely to develop COPD than men. The study suggests that factors other than cigarette smoke may be at play, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and treatment efforts.
Diana Wall's posthumous major donation of $514,000 to the Ecological Society of America will support ESA's programs advancing ecological research and supporting ecologists. The gift reflects her dedication to ecology as a critical tool for addressing global environmental challenges.
A study found moderate elevations of certain PFAS in health care workers' blood, with notably higher odds of detecting Sb-PFOA and PFDoA compared to other professions. Firefighters had the highest concentrations of PFAS, specifically concentrations of PFHxS, Sm-PFOS, n-PFOS and PFHpS.
Scientists at UC Riverside are investigating plasmonic materials that can transfer energy when struck by light. Their findings could lead to sensors capable of detecting molecules at trace levels and other technologies with practical applications.
Richard Finkel, MD, is named to TIME100 Health for his pioneering work in treating spinal muscular atrophy prenatally with the orally administered drug risdiplam. This breakthrough has shown promising results, with no identifiable features of SMA observed two years after treatment.
The introduction of standardized criteria for amino acid PET in brain metastases diagnosis and treatment could improve patient care and accelerate innovative treatment strategies. The new criteria may allow a more precise distinction between true tumour changes and therapy-related effects.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital created a cortical organoid model for the rare disorder UBA5-associated encephalopathy, revealing stunted GABAergic interneuron growth and imbalance in neuronal excitation and inhibition. The model suggests boosting the expression of the existing partially functioning copy of UBA5 may...
Researchers from Mass General Brigham presented key findings from multiple innovative studies on gene and cell therapy, focusing on rare diseases, brain cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. The studies explored strategies to improve care delivery and accelerate translation from lab to clinic, with potential breakthroughs in treatin...