New research reveals that the US-Israel-Iran war is threatening the food security of millions worldwide by increasing fertilizer costs, fueling speculative spikes in commodity prices, and undermining physical and sociocultural food environments.
Researchers at IBEC and EMBL develop a strategy to program tissue shape changes by controlling cell orientation. The team creates living tissues with reproducible three-dimensional structures, enabling applications in tissue engineering and biohybrid robotics.
A study by Brazilian researchers found that moringa oleifera's saline extract can effectively remove microplastics from water, similar to aluminum sulfate. The treatment method uses in-line filtration and coagulation to destabilize particles and filter out pollutants.
A new study explores potential options for Venice to adapt to sea-level rise, including relocating the city, movable barriers, ring dikes, and closing the Venetian Lagoon. The research suggests that no single approach is optimal, requiring a balance of factors such as resident wellbeing, economic prosperity, and cultural heritage.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison develop a systematic study for sustainable production of malonic acid via oxidation of 3-hydroxypropionic acid with a Pd/Carbon catalyst. The kinetic model validated the network, displaying excellent agreement and providing insight into conditions that maximize MA production.
Professor Noriko Yoshimura has received the IOF CSA Medal of Achievement for her pioneering work on epidemiology and prevention of locomotive organ disorders and osteoporosis. Her research, including the ROAD Study, has significantly advanced understanding of musculoskeletal health.
Astronomers used TACC supercomputers to develop models of Little Red Dot formation, finding better agreement with Direct Collapse Black Hole theories. Researchers also analyzed JWST data using a 'genetic technique' to understand the history of these enigmatic cosmic objects.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in developing a novel platform that harnesses the immune system's ability to produce therapeutic proteins. By editing hematopoietic stem cells with CRISPR gene-editing tools, they were able to create a long-term, boostable source of antibodies capable of protecting against deadly influenza infection...
Dr. Peter Walter joins Buck Institute as Professor to explore fundamental mechanisms of cell health and translate insights into age-related disease prevention and treatment strategies. His work has had a lasting impact on biology, transforming understanding of cellular health and disease.
Researchers suggest that an ancient lake overflowed 5.6 million years ago, establishing the Colorado River's course through the Grand Canyon. The study used uranium-lead dating to confirm a shared sediment source and indicate that the ancestral river was connected by 6.6 million years ago.
Rapidly growing commercial prediction market platforms raise concerns over democratic manipulation, addictive design features, and potential health risks. The authors call for informed regulatory action to address these issues.
Researchers have developed a technique to detect and measure the concentration of rare-earth elements in plants without destroying them. The method uses fluorescence spectroscopy to distinguish between autofluorescence from plant matter and rare-earth element uptake.
The study provides a roadmap for understanding and treating liver cancer by identifying key biological processes that enable tumors to grow and spread. It highlights the potential for precision medicine approaches, including immunotherapy and targeted therapies, to improve outcomes for patients with liver cancer.
Researchers at ISTA report that Anabaena develops a cytoskeleton to control cell shape, transforming an ancient DNA segregation system. This evolutionary shift enables the bacteria to sculpt their cells without relying on traditional spindle-like structures.
A new study suggests that minimally invasive surgeries like robotic and laparoscopic approaches can be successful for gallbladder cancer in carefully selected patients. The review found that these procedures often resulted in less blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and more lymph node removals, with comparable long-term cancer outcome...
Research reveals warm-bodied fish like sharks and tunas burn nearly four times more energy than cold-blooded counterparts, exacerbating the impact of warming oceans. As a result, these species are facing an increasing risk of overheating and habitat loss.
NIST scientists have measured the gravitational constant, a decade-long pursuit that aimed to resolve the mystery of gravity's strength. The measurement was achieved through a precision experiment that replicated an earlier study, providing a more accurate understanding of big G, a fundamental force in nature.
A study reveals that the rhinovirus, causing the common cold, can infect immune cells in the tonsils and adenoids, remaining dormant for extended periods without symptoms. This persistence allows for unexpected transmission and triggers new outbreaks, particularly among children, who are a primary mode of transmission to grandparents.
Research finds over 3,000 genes with sex-biased transcription in the brain, including genetic variants linked to ADHD, schizophrenia, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease. Sex differences may arise from interplay of biological and social influences.
Research from Saarland University reveals gifted individuals tend to be less conservative than their average-intelligence peers. However, social conservatism among men differs significantly between the two groups.
Researchers introduce EBDA, a novel framework that replaces traditional PKI certificate systems with a blockchain-maintained Graph of Trust (GoT), enabling fully decentralized identity authentication for vehicles. The approach reduces authentication latency by at least 22.93% while maintaining low computational and storage overhead.
Researchers at Peking University have developed a general nanofabrication strategy for van der Waals materials, allowing for the creation of low-loss and high-performance photonic structures. This enables the demonstration of efficient continuous-wave nonlinear optical processes in vdW microcavities.
Researchers find that brief exposure to prallethrin-based insecticides used in mosquito repellents significantly impairs bumblebees' ability to navigate back to their nests. This impairment can lead to reduced food collection and ultimately threaten the survival of entire colonies.
A global, multicentre phase III trial demonstrates the potential of Dato-DXd as an effective new treatment option for triple-negative breast cancer. The novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) nearly doubles overall survival and improves progression-free survival in patients with untreated, advanced TNBC.
Research from Lund University found a link between male infertility and an increased risk of developing colorectal and thyroid cancer. Men who underwent assisted reproduction techniques, such as ICSI, were more likely to develop these cancers.
A new study from Aarhus University identified nearly 200 proteins that change during the menstrual cycle, influencing conditions like endometriosis and bleeding disorders. The study provides a comprehensive picture of biological changes over a full cycle.
A new study from Aarhus University reveals that weight-loss drugs containing GLP-1 hormone may influence joint inflammation in arthritis patients. The study found that high doses of GLP-1 in medication could have a dual effect, both through weight loss and by increasing levels in the joints.
A study analyzing Neanderthal mitochondrial DNA sequences found evidence of a rapid decline in genetic diversity and geographic distribution around 65,000 years ago. This 'bottleneck' event is believed to have triggered the extinction of the species, with later populations emerging from refugia in southwestern France.
A large Nordic register-based study finds that high-dose folic acid supplementation before pregnancy reduces the risk of major congenital anomalies by 45% in women taking antiseizure medication. Starting folic acid after pregnancy onset has no protective effect.
Dorothee Haroske and Leszek Skrzypczak are awarded €200,000 for their joint research on function spaces, approximation theory, and Fourier analysis. Their work has given rise to numerous publications and specialist conferences.
Dr. André Biedenkapp's work on generalizability in reinforcement learning aims to make AIs more robust and adaptable, with potential applications in real-world scenarios
A study by the University of Bath found that elite MBA graduates hold top management positions and CEOs more frequently than those with non-elite MBAs or no MBA. The benefits of an elite MBA were not evenly spread between men, women, and minorities, and varied according to economic conditions.
Researchers developed mosaic mini-brains to study focal cortical dysplasia type II, a condition causing seizures in children. The findings support the two-hit model, suggesting that complete loss of DEPDC5 is necessary and sufficient to initiate the disease, with mosaicism determining lesion extent.
The research team successfully synthesized a novel single-crystalline 3D borate covalent organic framework, demonstrating exceptional performance as a solid-state electrolyte. The advancement promises safer and higher energy density solutions for electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage.
The UNITE project has selected three joint interregional projects to tackle health data sharing and personalized remote care. The selected projects will focus on heart failure, neonatal intensive care, and radiation exposure in medical imaging.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University have developed a novel method to send, manipulate and measure quantum information across many frequency channels simultaneously, enabling faster and more efficient secure communication technologies.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed an AI-based method integrating physics-based modeling for rapid screening of material candidates. The approach significantly improves accuracy by evaluating basic properties before predicting complex ones.
The University of Tartu Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health has launched a new continuing education course on refugee and migrant health, based on the World Health Organization's global competency standards. The course aims to provide healthcare professionals with specific knowledge and skills to deliver high-quality care to...
The study found that non-Hispanic Black men experienced the highest absolute increase in opioid-only mortality rates, followed by non-Hispanic White men and Hispanic men. Structural factors such as unequal access to care and medical mistrust continue to drive these disparities.
Indiana University has expanded its free generative AI course, GenAI 101, to over 805,000 alumni worldwide. The course provides practical skills in prompt engineering, data storytelling, and ethical AI use, preparing learners for an AI-powered world.
Researchers developed Adaptive-SN2N, a risk-aware adaptive deep learning framework that resolves critical background artifact challenges. The framework integrates risk-aware adaptive normalization, self-inspired learning, and Gaussian-weighted overlap inference to suppress artifacts while improving photon efficiency.
The East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet (EASWJ) and East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) relationship shows stable anti-phase changes across three climate periods. A significant mode shift is identified in the second MV-EOF mode, with varying relationships between EASWJ displacement and EASM intensity.
Researchers develop an event-based framework for functional biological imaging, capturing vascular and neuronal dynamics at high temporal resolution. An unsupervised reconstruction algorithm maps sparse event data into smooth functional images.
Researchers cloned novel BB resistance gene Xa48 in indica rice variety Shuangkezao, revealing molecular mechanism of BB resistance. The study provides foundation for breeding high-yielding disease-resistant rice varieties and improving crop disease resistance.
Researchers have uncovered a vital mechanism for survival by studying the interaction between brain cells and fat cells in fruit flies. The study found that the immune system's discovery of pathogens leads to a change in behavior, triggering an avoidance response through the release of neurotransmitters octopamine and dopamine.
A new research paper proposes Wireless Environmental Information Theory (WEIT) as a novel theoretical foundation for 6G environment intelligence communication. WEIT validates the EIC architecture aided by wireless environmental information and discusses key challenges for its practical application.
Researchers at SKKU have successfully demonstrated the mass production of large-area visible metalenses using a fully automated roll-to-roll manufacturing platform. The platform achieves a record-high throughput of 300 metalenses per second, paving the way for the commercialization of flat optics.
Researchers at Indian Institute of Science have devised a method to grow high-quality 2D magnetic materials over centimetre-scale wafers, paving the way for their integration into next-generation electronics. The technique uses Physical Vapour Transport Deposition and enables scalable fabrication with minimal surface roughness.
A new genetic study found that Indigenous populations in Malaysia have well-preserved olfactory receptor genes, suggesting a strong evolutionary pressure to maintain them. The study suggests that the human sense of smell has played a bigger role in shaping evolution than previously thought, adapting alongside major cultural changes.
A nationwide study reveals that individuals with lower educational attainment are more likely to die from colorectal cancer at a younger age. The disparity in young-onset CRC mortality nearly doubled over the past three decades among those with 12 years or less education compared to those with 16 or more years of education.
Researchers at the University of Seville and Polytechnic University of Madrid demonstrate a new method to grow tomatoes beneath solar panels, reducing water consumption by 50% while generating clean energy. The agrovoltaic system improves irrigation management, increasing fruit productivity for every drop of invested water.
Researchers used a novel technique to analyze millions of individual particles in Antarctic ice cores, revealing common dust sources during the last Ice Age. The study highlights the importance of atmospheric circulation changes and provides insights into ancient climate systems and potential future environmental shifts.
A new mapping model uses geo-mapping and statistical analysis to identify areas with the greatest need for prehospital whole blood transfusions. The model can help hospital systems quickly deploy scarce blood resources and minimize waste, particularly in underserved communities.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have created a new method to produce insulin-producing cells from human stem cells, effectively regulating blood sugar levels in laboratory tests and reversing diabetes in mice. The optimized production process yields more mature and purer cells, demonstrating their potential for future treatments.
A study estimates annual mortality rates among US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detainees between 2004 and 2026. The analysis reveals notable shifts in age and cause of death patterns over the two-decade period, providing valuable insights into the health risks faced by this population.
Researchers developed LightELF to detect phase singularities and encode information in optical topological knots. The system uses event-driven mechanism for high-speed detection and decoding of knot-based optical signals.
Neurobiologists have identified the brain circuitry responsible for placebo pain relief, revealing a site where endogenous opioid peptides drive pain relief. The study offers hope for using expectancy-driven placebo effects as a substitute for painkillers and developing protocols to produce placebo pain resilience in humans.
Research at the University of Vienna found a link between gut bacterial diversity and acute stress response in healthy adults. Higher microbial diversity was associated with stronger hormonal and subjective stress reactivity, suggesting the gut microbiome may play a role in regulating the acute stress response.
Researchers from Kumamoto University and partners discovered a method to enhance titanium alloys using high-density pulsed electric current, achieving improved strength and toughness. The technique harnesses an electron wind force to reorganize the internal crystal structure, producing nanoscale martensitic phases that disperse stress ...
A new study uses a human stem cell-derived model to identify potential therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), highlighting glycyrrhizin as a promising candidate. Glycyrrhizin significantly prevents intestinal cell death in both stem cell models and mice with IBD, reducing inflammation and cell death.