A study published in PeerJ found that people can be identified by their airborne bacterial emissions, which are distinct from those of others. The researchers detected individual signatures within 4 hours using high-throughput sequencing and analyzed settled particles.
A study published in Environmental Research Letters found that peak-time emissions from diesel trains at London's Paddington Station exceeded European air quality recommendations and were higher than nearby roadsides on most days. The station's semi-enclosed design contributed to elevated concentrations of particulate matter, nitrogen ...
Researchers suggest increased low clouds in the Arctic due to rising temperatures could slow the formation of frigid air masses, explaining past and future continental warming. This mechanism may have allowed crocodiles to thrive in Wyoming during the Cretaceous and Eocene periods.
BGU researchers discovered that infected cellphones can use GSM phone frequencies to exfiltrate small bits of data, such as security keys and passwords, from 'air-gapped' computers. The 'GSMem' malicious software uses electromagnetic waves from phones to receive and transmit data over long distances.
The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission observed Typhoon Halola with rainfall rates of up to 40 mm/h near the southeastern side, while the northern side showed less than 10 mm/h. The storm's elongated shape and dry air's effect contributed to its weakening circulation.
Researchers studied hawkmoth's ability to hover and track flowers in mid-air while adjusting to changing light conditions. The moths can slow their brains to improve vision under low-light conditions, but only if the flower is moving rapidly.
A study by researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Harvard found that exposure to high air temperature during pregnancy increases the risk of lower birth weight and can cause preterm birth. High temperatures of 8.5 °C in the last trimester were associated with a 17g decrease in birth weight.
A study published in Scientific Reports reveals that birds like magpies utilize a tiny vortex formed at the alula feathers tip to improve flight maneuverability. The researchers observed this phenomenon through wind tunnel experiments, demonstrating how the vortex helps air flow attach to the wing surface.
Researchers have created a real-time monitoring system for air and water quality in space, reducing the need for sample collection and analysis. The system enables astronauts to test their surroundings more efficiently, making long-term space missions possible.
A Binghamton University doctoral candidate is working on improving data center efficiency by analyzing air flow, turbulence, and cooling capacity. The research aims to reduce energy consumption by up to 30% in data centers.
A Drexel University team conducted a mobile air quality monitoring campaign to assess the impact of natural gas extraction on air quality in the Marcellus Shale region. The study found relatively small increases in air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic chemicals, with elevated ultrafine particles from compressor s...
A new study by Université Laval researchers found that noroviruses responsible for 50% of global gastroenteritis cases can spread through the air up to several meters from an infected person. The discovery suggests that existing measures in hospitals may be insufficient to contain these infections.
A new study published in the Journal of AAPOS found that rates of eye injuries from air guns increased by 511% between 2010 and 2012, with most cases occurring among minors. The authors suggest regulations and stricter marketing guidelines to prevent these preventable injuries.
A new study predicts that increased air conditioning adoption will lead to significant increases in energy consumption and strain on energy infrastructures worldwide. The authors call for action now to develop more energy-efficient and affordable air conditioners for poorer populations.
Case Western Reserve University researchers have developed a metal-free bifunctional electrocatalyst that performs as well or better than most metal and metal oxide electrodes in zinc-air batteries. The carbon-based catalyst works efficiently in both oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions, making the battery rechargeable.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed an adaptive control technology that can override failures and maintain safe handling in aircraft. The L1 system has been tested on a manned aircraft and shown consistent performance across varying flight conditions, making it a promising solution for improving air travel safety.
Researchers discovered baby mantises deliberately create spin and harness it in mid-air to rotate their bodies for precise target landing. By controlling angular momentum, they achieve remarkable accuracy in a fraction of a second.
Austro-Russian research team develops high-energy mid-infrared laser capable of igniting laser filaments in air at normal atmospheric pressure. This technology enables tracing pollutants in the atmosphere using back-scattered light analysis.
NASA's Aqua satellite revealed cloud top temperatures of -28C/-18F and -23C/-9F over the northeastern US, significantly colder than surface temperatures, which ranged from 4F/-16C to 23F/-5C in affected areas. The extreme cold was part of an Arctic air mass that brought wind chills below zero and single numbers across the region.
A study published in Journal of the American College of Surgeons confirms the effectiveness of pre-trauma center blood transfusions in increasing one-day survival rates and reducing shock among air-lifted trauma patients. The UPMC protocol involves giving guidelines on when to administer transfusions, resulting in improved outcomes.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that global warming will not increase the number of storms, but rather make strong storms stronger and weaker storms weaker. The atmosphere's circulation pattern is like a heat engine that requires fuel to do work.
Researchers found that geo-stationary satellites can greatly improve air-quality forecasting by providing aerosol optical depth every hour in high resolution. Combining this data with low Earth-orbiting satellite data produces more detailed maps for improved forecasts.
The Air Force Office of Scientific Research has awarded approximately $16.6 million in grants to 57 young investigators from research institutions across the US. The recipients will conduct basic research in areas such as dynamical systems, quantum processes, and energy, with a focus on advancing the Air Force mission.
A new study published in Anesthesiology found that even when patients are actively warmed with forced air, their body temperature still decreases during the first hour of surgery. Patients who experience the most hypothermia are more likely to require blood transfusions.
University of Washington experts are using the physics behind rain-on-snow flooding to better predict risks. They found that warm, humid air surrounding raindrops is most to blame for melting snow, and that tree cover can reduce flood risk by slowing storm winds.
Researchers from PNNL present studies on persistent cold air outbreaks, sequestered carbon leaks in drinking water, and the environmental impacts of carbon sequestration. The team aims to collaborate between environmental and health science communities to better understand how the environment affects human health.
Researchers from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology measured high concentrations of organic pollutants emitted during fracking processes in the US, exceeding urban air quality standards by a factor of one thousand. The study found that certain technologies, such as open fracking facilities, release significantly more benzene and oth...
James M. Crowley, SIAM's Executive Director, has been named a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for his outstanding record as a scientific administrator in the US Air Force and his two decades of leadership at SIAM. Crowley holds a PhD in Applied Mathematics from Brown University.
New research reveals hand dryers can spread bacteria in public toilets, increasing the risk of infection. Studies found airborne germ counts were 27 times higher around jet air dryers compared to paper towels.
Ankylosaurs had a unique nasal structure that allowed them to regulate their body temperature. The long, winding passageways would have warmed the inhaled air and cooled the blood before it reached the brain. This adaptation likely helped maintain the dinosaur's stable brain temperature.
By 2050, cumulative exposure to ozone during the summer is expected to be high enough to damage vegetation globally. Ozone levels will remain below safe limits if greenhouse gas emissions peak in 2040, but may exceed safe limits if emissions continue to rise until 2100.
A Drexel University researcher studied indoor aerosol spikes caused by cleaning products and air fresheners, revealing the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) due to limonene reactions. The study suggests a significant impact on indoor air quality, warranting further public health research.
Research found links between chromium and styrene exposure and increased risk of autism spectrum disorder, affecting one in 68 children.
Typhoon Phanfone made landfall in Japan, bringing powerful winds and heavy rain to the region. At least one Airman is confirmed deceased after being washed out to sea from Okinawa, while two others are missing.
Researchers analyzed African dust transported to South America, finding large seasonal peaks in winter and spring. Dust concentrations exceeded World Health Organization guidelines, posing respiratory health risks.
New research by the University of Southampton suggests that air traffic growth rates will surpass carbon reduction efforts unless demand is substantially reduced. To achieve emission reductions, ticket prices must rise by at least 1.4% annually.
Researchers found genetic fragments of MERS-CoV in air samples from a camel barn, suggesting short or intermittent shedding of the virus. The study emphasizes the importance of preventing possible airborne transmission and highlights the risk of camel-to-human transmission.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have successfully extracted atoms of rare or dangerous elements such as radon from the air using a material called CC3. This new method has potential applications in industries like lighting, medicine, and nuclear waste clean-up.
Researchers propose building three east-west great walls to eliminate the major tornado threat in Tornado Alley. The walls, inspired by Jiang-Huai Hills in China, can be built locally at high-risk areas and gradually extended to cover the entire region.
Hurricane Cristina intensified rapidly on June 12 before quickly weakening the next day, with cloud top temperatures decreasing by nearly 30C. The storm's convection weakened, causing cloud heights to drop and temperatures to rise.
The Signal Fire in New Mexico is a rapidly spreading wildfire with 507 firefighters and resources from NASA. The fire's cause is believed to be human, with evacuations ordered for residents near the affected area.
Researchers at University of Exeter have developed a new method to accurately measure the surface temperature of nanoscale objects by analyzing their Brownian motion in air. This technique can determine different temperatures across the surface of tiny spheres, opening doors for studying nanotechnology and aerosol research.
A research group from Jülich has found that nitrous acid (HONO) is not a net source of hydroxyl radicals, which are central to the air's self-cleaning capacity. The discovery was made using air measurements recorded by a Zeppelin NT during the EU PEGASOS project.
A NASA simulation shows that stratospheric ozone intrusions have a significant impact on ground-level ozone concentrations in the US West, with effects two to three times greater than previously estimated. High-resolution models can now comprehensively examine these events for the first time.
A study by UC Davis researchers found that laboratory chamber walls can suppress the formation of secondary organic aerosol in the atmosphere. This effect has contributed to underpredictions of SOA concentrations in regional air quality models, which impacts air quality and climate.
A new study on Michigan's smoke-free indoor air law found a statistically significant reduction in cardiovascular disease and death with related hospitalizations decreasing by 2.03 percent after the ban implementation.
Researchers have made progress on a 'breathing' battery that could replace lithium-ion technology in electric vehicles, with the potential for nearly twice the energy storage capacity. The new battery design uses air instead of traditional materials and has shown high conductivity and the ability to discharge and recharge 100 times.
Scientists investigate how flying snakes glide through the air, discovering lift enhancement mechanism to boost flight. The research uses computational fluid dynamics to model a snake's cross-section, providing insights into air pressure and rotation.
New research reveals that the ocean's surface acts as a sink for nitrogen oxides at night, removing about 15% of these chemicals from polluted air. The study measured dinitrogen pentoxide and nitryl chloride in the air above the sea surface, finding no net exit of nitryl chloride into the air.
Scientists at NPL have created a synthetic air reference standard to measure carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere, providing a trusted base unit for global monitoring. This innovation addresses the growing demand for standards comparable to the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) scale.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health reveals that Air Force reservists who flew in dioxin-contaminated aircraft after the Vietnam War were exposed to higher levels of dioxin than previously acknowledged. The findings challenge the current position held by the Air Force and VA.
Researchers found that Air Force reservists exposed to dioxin-contaminated aircraft used to spray Agent Orange during the Vietnam War were at higher risk than previously acknowledged. The study's findings contrast with current Air Force and VA policies, highlighting a previously unrecognized source of exposure.
A new high-efficiency cabin air filter (HECA) can reduce ultrafine particle (UFP) exposure by 93% and keep carbon dioxide levels low. Most modern car filters only block 40-60% of UFPs, but the HECA filter's smaller synthetic fibers can capture more particles.
Researchers at Saarland University have developed a novel sensor system that can monitor airborne contaminants and automatically adjust ventilation levels to maintain high-quality indoor air. The system has the potential to reduce energy consumption by up to 50% and minimize health hazards associated with poor air quality.
A study published in the Canadian Journal of Surgery found that helicopter transport significantly improves survival rates for trauma patients with severe injuries, reducing mortality rates compared to ground ambulance transport. The researchers attributed this improved outcome to advanced monitoring and equipment available in air ambu...
The Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) has awarded approximately $15.5 million in grants to 42 young researchers from across the US, fostering basic research and early career development. The recipients will conduct projects in areas including dynamical systems, quantum processes, and complex materials.
The University of Cincinnati has received over $1 million from the US Air Force to fund seven research projects studying the effects of air medical evacuation. Researchers will investigate how altitude affects medical equipment, resuscitation methods, and caregiver performance during flights.
Researchers have found that properly designed rough surfaces can reduce skin-friction drag in turbulent conditions. The study models fluid flow between two surfaces covered with tiny ridges, which trap air bubbles and create a hydrodynamic cushion.
Leading scientists will examine the western tropical Pacific Ocean's 'global chimney,' which shapes climate and air chemistry globally. The region fuels heat and moisture into thunderstorms that loft gases and particles into the stratosphere, influencing climate patterns.
Researchers present a body-wing-blending configuration with double flanking air inlets layout to achieve high lift-to-drag ratio and volumetric efficiency. A novel forebody design methodology using rotating and assembling two waverider-based surfaces is also introduced.