A team of researchers found that primordial black holes triggering Type Ia supernovae can explain several observed characteristics, including chemical abundance trends. The study suggests a non-zero fraction of PBH-triggered SN Ia is necessary to explain the trend in Milky Way stars.
Researchers reveal that missing ordinary matter exists in diffuse clouds surrounding galaxy groups, extending beyond predicted distances. The findings suggest stronger and more violent star activity and black hole jets, pushing matter to larger scales.
A new study by Queen Mary University mathematician Professor Ginestra Bianconi proposes a perspective on the deep question of how the Universe can become increasingly structured while obeying the second law of thermodynamics. The Gravity from Entropy theory suggests that gravity and spacetime may have an intrinsic thermodynamic and inf...
Scientists have successfully prepared and studied radium molecules precisely with lasers in tabletop experiments, marking a breakthrough in understanding the universe's matter-antimatter asymmetry. The new method can be applied to other atoms to create similarly chilled molecules.
A team of scientists has discovered 31 of the most ancient quasars ever found, including two that radiated light from a trillion suns when the universe was just 670 million years old. These findings provide crucial clues for understanding how supermassive black holes formed and offer insights into the early universe's structure.
The European Space Agency's Euclid space telescope has discovered 31 of the oldest quasars ever found, revealing insights into the universe's first 670 million years. The two most ancient quasars have redshifts of 7.77 and 7.69, setting a new record for their age.
A team of U of A astronomers helped an international research consortium discover the faintest and farthest quasars in the early universe, revealing new insights into supermassive black holes and their host galaxies. The discovery includes two record-breaking quasars with cosmic ages of about 670 million years.
Researchers studied dark matter's potential additional attractive force and found it suppresses structure growth, contrary to expectations. The extra clustering effect is counterbalanced by a decrease in dark matter particles' mass over time, reducing the overall impact on cosmic microwave background observations.
A University of Birmingham scientist creates a 'mini universe' with ultracold atoms to test ideas in quantum cosmology and gravity. The experiment demonstrates that time can emerge from changes within a quantum system, revealing a version of time known as 'entropic time', which flows consistently and orders events.
An international team of astrophysicists has confirmed the universe's expansion is accelerating, contradicting a recent claim that it was slowing down. The researchers used Type Ia supernovae to determine the acceleration of the cosmos, with no flaw in the widely-accepted theory of dark energy.
New study by University of Southampton confirms the universe's expansion is still accelerating as previously found, debunking 2025 claims that the cosmos was slowing. The team re-evaluated data using Type Ia supernovae to calculate vast cosmic distances and found no error in their methods.
Researchers have discovered a 'galaxy-killing wind' that could explain the origin of massive dead galaxies in the early universe. Using JWST and ALMA, they imaged a galaxy one billion years after the Big Bang, revealing a huge plume of cold gas extending far away from it.
The HETDEX project has released its comprehensive dataset, containing over 600 million spectra from the early universe. This dataset will enable scientists to study how galaxies formed and evolved, map large-scale cosmic structures, and investigate rare objects. AI is expected to play a key role in analyzing this vast dataset.
Astronomers observed a galaxy protocluster at 1.2 billion years after the Universe's birth, finding it was already shaped by its environment. The Loktak Protocluster had larger, redder galaxies with more rounded shapes than isolated galaxies.
A new study uses unprecedented simulations to reveal how ultra-faint dwarf galaxies reflect the conditions of the early Universe. These tiny satellite galaxies can provide clues about the properties of dark matter and help test early-Universe physics with upcoming observations.
Ultra-faint dwarf galaxies, tiny satellite galaxies of the Milky Way, can reflect conditions of the early universe, shedding light on galaxy formation and dark matter. Simulations suggest these small galaxies are sensitive to early radiation environment and can probe the universe's earliest climate.
New research suggests that relic black holes from before the big bang could help explain dark matter and several long-standing mysteries in cosmology. These primordial objects may have survived into the present day as 'cosmic fossils,' potentially influencing galaxy structure billions of years later.
The COLIBRE simulations successfully reproduce real galaxies in the present-day universe and early universe as seen by the James Webb Space Telescope. The models include cold gas and cosmic dust, which strongly affect galaxy appearance in telescopes.
An international collaboration of astronomers has achieved the most precise direct measurement to date of the expansion rate of the nearby Universe. The result shows a persistent mismatch between measurements based on the nearby Universe and predictions derived from the early Universe, known as the Hubble tension.
Astronomers have identified the most pristine star in the known universe, SDSS J0715-7334, with a metal content of less than 0.005%. This ancient immigrant was born about 80,000 light-years from Earth and has been pulled into the Milky Way galaxy over time.
Gravitational waves may have contributed to dark matter formation through stochastic gravitational waves during the early universe's formation. This new mechanism could lead to mass-free or nearly mass-free fermions that would acquire mass and form dark matter particles.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a new theory that suggests the universe's rapid early expansion could emerge naturally from a deeper, more complete theory of quantum gravity. This approach offers a unified picture that connects the earliest moments of the universe to modern cosmology.
Researchers found a shift in key cosmic measurement may be due to statistical artefact. Combining CMB and BAO data showed a mild tension that weakens evidence against standard inflationary models.
Astronomers have used Line Intensity Mapping to create the largest and most accurate 3D map of Lyman alpha emissions in the early universe, adding nuance to the formation of galaxies. The map reveals the location of fainter galaxies and gas, providing insight into the evolution of galaxies and the role of intergalactic gas.
A team of researchers from Illinois and UChicago has developed a novel way to compute the Hubble constant using gravitational waves, improving accuracy over prior methods. The new method uses background gravitational-wave hum from merging black holes in distant galaxies to learn about the age and composition of the universe.
Astronomers have imaged and modeled an exceptionally rare supernova that could provide a new way to measure the universe's expansion rate. The supernova, known as SN Winny, is a superluminous stellar explosion 10 billion light-years away and appears five times in the night sky due to gravitational lensing.
Astronomers from the University of Waterloo have observed a distant jellyfish galaxy, providing rare insight into how galaxies were transformed in the early universe. The discovery challenges previous beliefs about galaxy clusters and their impact on galaxy properties.
A team of physicists at UMass Amherst has proposed a new model for black holes, the 'dark charge' model, which explains high-energy neutrinos and solves cosmic mysteries. The model suggests that quasi-extremal primordial black holes, with a 'dark charge,' could be the missing link in explaining the universe's fundamental nature.
A study by researchers at Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe has developed a method to resolve phase ambiguity in measuring cosmic birefringence. The technique may provide clues to unknown physical theories and dark matter, reducing uncertainty in observations.
Physicists at MIT observed clear signs that quarks create wakes as they speed through the plasma, confirming the plasma behaves like a liquid. This finding provides new insights into the properties of the quark-gluon plasma and its behavior in the early universe.
Researchers created the highest resolution map of dark matter, showing its interaction with normal matter through gravity. The new data from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope confirms previous research and provides new details about dark matter's influence on the Universe.
A Simon Fraser University researcher believes his team's new research may bring them closer to cracking the Hubble tension, a decades-old question about the universe's expansion rate. The theory centers on primordial magnetic fields, which could have accelerated recombination and affected the value of the Hubble constant.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have explained the mysterious 'red dots' seen in James Webb Space Telescope images as young black holes. The discovery provides insight into how the universe's first black holes were born and sheds light on their early development.
Researchers challenge a decades-old dark matter theory, suggesting it could have been 'incredibly hot' when first born. The study opens up new possibilities for dark matter and its interactions with other matter, providing clues about the origins of our Universe.
A team of researchers has observed a massive galaxy cluster that challenges existing models of the universe's evolution. The cluster's unusual structure and high density of cold, neutral hydrogen gas suggest a different history than previously thought. This discovery raises questions about the fate of large structures in the universe.
Researchers found evidence that dark matter and neutrinos interact, offering a rare glimpse into the universe's darkest regions. The study casts doubt on the long-standing cosmological model, suggesting interactions between dark matter and neutrinos could explain a discrepancy in cosmic structure formation.
Researchers at Texas A&M University are building highly sensitive detectors to explore dark matter and energy. The team's work builds on previous breakthroughs in detecting low-mass particles, and they aim to find ways to amplify signals that were previously buried in noise.
An international team of astronomers has detected a supernova at an unprecedented cosmic distance using the James Webb Space Telescope. The event, occurring when the universe was only about 730 million years old, provides a direct look at the final moments of a massive star from the era of reionisation.
Astrophysicists from UChicago analyzed galaxy shapes and distances to independently examine inconsistencies in the LCDM model. The team's findings support previous weak lensing measurements, indicating consistent growth of structure in the universe.
Astronomers at the University of Tokyo use time-delay cosmography to measure the universe's expansion rate, finding a result consistent with current-day observations. The method exploits gravitational lensing to improve models of cosmic expansion and potentially resolve the Hubble tension.
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope's sixth and final data release confirms the 'Hubble tension' and rules out extended cosmological models, providing new insights into the Universe's evolution and current state. ACT's observations offer a cleaner starting point for future research.
Astronomers detect a distant galaxy with temperatures of 90 Kelvin, indicating an extreme star factory that could have produced stars at a rate 180 times faster than the Milky Way. This discovery provides insight into how galaxies formed quickly in the early universe.
Researchers propose that interactions between particles in primordial matter domination could have given rise to the first black holes, boson stars, and cannibal stars. These compact objects could have formed through gravothermal collapse, leading to surprising cosmic structures.
A new study published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society suggests that the universe's expansion may have started to slow rather than accelerate at an ever-increasing rate. The findings cast doubt on the long-standing theory of dark energy, which is believed to be driving distant galaxies away increasingly faster.
A new model explains how extremely massive stars (EMS) forged the chemistry of globular clusters, the ancient archives of the universe. EMSs release powerful stellar winds that mix with surrounding gas to form chemically distinct stars.
International physics experiments suggest neutrinos may have tipped the balance in favor of matter over antimatter. Neutrinos' unique oscillation behavior could have led to an imbalance in the early universe.
A new study from UBC Okanagan has mathematically proven that the fundamental nature of reality operates in a way that no computer could simulate. The researchers demonstrate that a complete and consistent description of everything requires non-algorithmic understanding, which is beyond algorithmic computation.
Combining data from T2K and NOvA experiments, MSU researchers provide precise measurements of neutrino properties, including oscillation behavior and mass ordering. The results shed new light on the mystery of how the universe evolved, with implications for theories of particle behavior.
Researchers have achieved breakthrough in understanding the universe thanks to a joint analysis between NOvA and T2K experiments. The study brings scientists closer to answering why the universe is filled with matter, shedding light on neutrino oscillations and their role in shaping the cosmos.
Physicists have analyzed how neutrinos change 'flavor' as they travel through the cosmos, gaining insights into their masses and evolution. The study's findings hint at possible Charge-Parity violation in neutrinos and their antimatter counterparts, with researchers seeking more data to answer fundamental questions about the universe.
Japanese physicists have shown that knots can arise in a realistic particle physics framework, potentially explaining the origin of the universe's matter surplus. By combining two long-studied extensions of the Standard Model, the team found a stable knot configuration that could have formed and dominated in the early universe.
Researchers used the James Webb Space Telescope to study young galaxies in the early universe, finding most were turbulent and 'clumpy'. Despite this chaos, galaxy dynamics show a gradual transition towards ordered structures, suggesting that galaxies like our Milky Way formed through frequent mergers and bursts of star formation.
A new study reveals that most massive stars in the early universe were born as binary systems, similar to those in our own galaxy. This finding provides the first strong evidence for the common existence of massive binary stars in the early universe, shaping black holes and supernovae.
Researchers propose that natural forces of the universe slowly weakening as it ages could explain phenomena such as galaxy rotation and expansion. This new approach challenges established concepts by explaining these observations with the same equation without needing dark matter or dark energy.
Researchers from Tel Aviv University predict that detecting radio waves from the cosmic dark ages can help resolve the nature of dark matter. The study uses computer simulations to show that dense clumps of dark matter formed throughout the Universe, pulling in hydrogen gas and causing it to emit intense radio waves.
Researchers used the James Webb Space Telescope to study 12 quasars from 12.9 billion years ago, revealing mature galaxies with active supermassive black holes. This challenges previous research suggesting black hole activity suppresses galaxy growth, instead showing a complex relationship between the two.
Researchers at Rutgers University uncovered evidence of how galaxies expand by tracing the invisible scaffolding of the universe created by dark matter. They analyzed large samples of special galaxies called Lyman-alpha emitters to study galaxy formation and evolution over billions of years.
A team of scholars from USC, UC Riverside, and Carnegie Observatories will develop computer models to simulate the birth of structure in the universe, testing theories about galaxy formation. The Lyman-Alpha forest Research Collaboration aims to reveal quantum properties of dark matter and neutrino particles.
A new study uses advanced computer simulations to shed light on the fundamental properties of dark matter. The research reveals how gas clouds in the early Universe could reveal information about dark matter's mass, which is crucial for particle physicists to develop theoretical models.
Astronomers suggest that tiny red objects spotted by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope could be giant spheres of hot gas powered by supermassive black holes. The objects, called 'universe breakers,' defy prior understanding of galaxy formation and may represent an entirely new class of celestial object.