Articles tagged with Large Scale Integration
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers create ultra-coherent and efficient photonic integrated circuits by extending optical fiber's ultralow loss performance to silicon wafers. This breakthrough paves the way for precision measurements, AI data-center communications, and quantum computing applications.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a new transistor design using gallium-doped indium oxide, achieving high mobility and reliable performance. The gate-all-around structure enhances efficiency and scalability, making it suitable for big data and AI applications.
MIT engineers developed ultrathin electronic films that sense heat and other signals, reducing the bulk of conventional goggles and scopes. The new pyroelectric thin film is highly sensitive to heat and radiation across the far-infrared spectrum, enabling lighter, more portable night-vision eyewear.
Data-model fusion (DMF) integrates model-based and data-driven methods to reduce limitations in smart manufacturing and digital engineering. It enhances interpretability and accuracy, with applications in product design, manufacturing, experimentation, testing, verification, and maintenance.
A new hardware platform for AI accelerators capable of handling significant workloads with reduced energy requirement has been developed. The platform leverages III-V compound semiconductors to create photonic integrated circuits, which operate at the speed of light with minimal energy loss.
Researchers developed a back-analysis framework for deep excavation in soft soil combining BIM and ML algorithms. This approach improves computing speed and accuracy, providing safer construction management.
A study explores how large language models (LLMs) can transform teaching by generating customized educational materials, assessing student progress, and providing targeted feedback. LLMs excel at automating routine tasks, reducing teachers' workload and enabling them to focus on mentoring students.
Experts from 22 research institutes evaluate optical technologies in photovoltaics to increase efficiency and enable new applications. Coloured solar modules for facades are identified as a promising innovation.
The device enables precise control over terahertz wave polarization, revolutionizing applications such as data transmission, imaging, and sensing. This innovation promises to transform fields like wireless communication and biomedical imaging.
A new real-time surface PM10 retrieval framework uses interpretable automated machine learning to provide accurate data across China. The framework demonstrates robust generalization and stability, outperforming previous studies in cross-validation and rolling iterative validation experiments.
Researchers have developed a new sensor to detect hazardous gas leaks in lithium-ion batteries, which could prevent catastrophic failures and enhance the reliability of battery-powered technologies. The sensor detects trace amounts of ethylene carbonate vapour, targeting potential battery failures before they escalate into disasters.
A team led by Dr. Marcus Botacin is creating a large language model (LLM) to automatically identify malware and write rules to defend against it. The LLM will use signatures to complement human analysts' skills, identifying malware faster and more accurately.
Experts propose evidence-based work design to mitigate administrative harms and improve patient safety, quality of care, and workforce well-being. The new framework aims to integrate short-term financial metrics with long-term outcomes, sparking a transformation in organizational decision-making.
Core-shell nanoparticles offer effective drug encapsulation, shielding from degradation, and controlled release. This innovation enables targeted drug delivery, improving treatment outcomes and reducing side effects. The versatility of these nanoparticles allows for tailored materials to suit different therapeutic needs.
Researchers have developed a flexible dual-band electrochromic device that integrates energy storage, reducing building energy consumption. The device offers excellent performance in various climate zones, providing substantial energy savings through selective modulation of light and heat across multiple wavelengths.
The INSEAD webinar delves into the challenges and opportunities of deploying multi-agent AI systems in large-scale enterprise environments. Experts will discuss balancing automation with strategic control and the potential for companies to operate without human involvement.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, primary care practices in the US experienced declining access to care, while average practice capabilities improved. Integrated practice ownership and accountable care organization participation were associated with better access and capability scores.
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences is part of a new NIH program integrating clinical research into primary care practices in medically underserved areas. The program aims to increase access to vital health care and speed up the adoption of new evidence-based guidelines.
Scientists have successfully demonstrated an integrated spin-wave quantum memory, enabling on-demand retrieval with adjustable storage times. The device outperforms previous methods, achieving a fidelity of 94.9% in storing and retrieving single-photon-level inputs.
Researchers are developing new ways to harvest and adapt energy from everyday home activities, such as turning a doorknob or opening a fridge door. This technology aims to create smart interfaces that can power appliances and assist people with disabilities, increasing energy efficiency and accessibility.
Researchers developed a miniaturized all-fiber photoacoustic spectrometer for intravascular gas detection, achieving detection limits of 9 ppb and response times as quick as 18 milliseconds. The system detects trace gases at the ppb level and analyzes nanoliter-sized samples with millisecond response times.
Researchers have developed a coral-inspired biomimetic material that promotes faster healing and dissolves naturally in the body. The material has been shown to fully repair bone defects within 3-6 months, overcoming limitations of traditional synthetic substitutes.
This editorial introduces persistence landscapes as a mathematical method to identify and correct biases in medical imaging. Persistence landscapes offer a way to reduce random noise while preserving important details, making it easier for clinicians to focus on meaningful image parts.
Researchers have developed a deep-learning-powered metalens imaging system that overcomes limitations of traditional metalenses. The system pairs a mass-produced metalens with an image restoration framework driven by AI to achieve aberration-free, full-color images while maintaining compact form factor.
The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has successfully developed a robotic suite capable of servicing satellites in orbit, enabling resilience for the US space infrastructure. The Robotic Servicing of Geosynchronous Satellites Integrated Robotic Payload (IRP) will enable satellite upgrades and repairs, reducing complexity and cost.
The Macrosystems EDDIE modules have been effective in building student and instructor quantitative literacy and data science skills in ecological forecasting, reaching over 35,000 students globally. The modules aim to introduce students to core concepts of forecasting and complement educators' work teaching ecological concepts.
A new study found compositional and functional differences in the gut microbiota of Chinese long-living adults (over 90 years) compared to elderly adults (65–74 years). The researchers noted lower relative abundances of bacteria in certain genera, which may regulate biological processes like autophagy and telomere maintenance. These fi...
A pilot study found that AI tools can accurately process hospital quality measures, achieving 90% agreement with manual reporting. This can lead to more efficient and reliable approaches to healthcare reporting, especially for complex measures like severe sepsis and septic shock.
Hospitalizations involving alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) are a significant concern, especially in high-risk individuals. The study found that AWS burden is comparable to complications of other chronic diseases.
A Cornell University-led research team found that using a technique called 'cultural prompting' reduces bias in large language models like ChatGPT for over 100 countries. The approach involves specifying a cultural identity directly in prompts, adapting to different cultural norms and values.
A systematic review of pharmacogenomics clinical decision support systems found that e-health tools can help integrate personalized medicine into everyday clinical practice. However, current implementation is limited, particularly in non-US healthcare systems.
Researchers propose a leaf-inspired luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) design to overcome scalability limitations. The innovative setup enhances photon collection and transfer, improving efficiency and reducing self-absorption issues.
A roundtable discussion explores the integration of positive psychology and autism, highlighting its potential to amplify strengths and improve interpersonal dynamics. The study suggests that appreciating character strengths can have a significant impact on daily life.
A recent study analyzing over 1.5 million patients' electronic health records found that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is significantly underdiagnosed in rural areas of West Michigan. Researchers discovered a higher rate of MCI skippers, where patients progress directly to dementia without a prior diagnosis, in these communities.
A novel AI tool has been shown to accurately estimate gestational age from blind ultrasound sweeps, comparable to expert sonographers. The technology has the potential to democratize prenatal care in resource-limited settings by expanding access to quality diagnostic tools without the need for expensive equipment or specialized training.
Researchers at UC San Francisco found a link between healthy diets and a younger biological age. Even when people eat healthy diets, each gram of added sugar is associated with an increase in epigenetic age. The Mediterranean diet had the strongest association with lower epigenetic age.
Researchers warn of rapid global changes and geo-political instability due to climate change. International cooperation is needed to rethink mobility and cultural integration to ensure a benign transition.
Silicon photonics enables frequency-entangled qubits, allowing secure quantum information distribution across a five-user quantum network. The breakthrough promotes advancements in quantum computing and ultra-secure communications networks.
A new study published in GEN Biotechnology describes the establishment of a 3D hydrogel-based platform for producing functional T-cells from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The platform was engineered with key thymic components to direct T-cell development, producing cytokine-producing T-cells.
Scientists at uOttawa have developed Fourier Quantum Process Tomography (FQPT) to validate quantum circuit performance. The technique allows for high-accuracy characterization with minimal measurements, enabling significant advancements in quantum computing.
Researchers have developed a compact, palm-sized light field camera that simultaneously captures 3D spatial and spectral information in a single snapshot. The camera uses inkjet printing to create its key optical components, enabling efficient manufacturing and customization.
The new law recognizes personalized medicine as a fundamental patient right, emphasizing individualized treatment and care. It sets a precedent for future health care innovations worldwide, integrating genomics, proteomics, and AI technologies.
A large health system study found cannabis use was prevalent among primary care patients, with most using it to manage health-related symptoms. The study suggests clinicians could benefit from integrating cannabis use information to assess patient risk for cannabis use disorder.
A new, low-cost, high-efficiency photonic integrated circuit has been developed using lithium tantalate technology. The breakthrough platform offers scalable and cost-effective manufacturing of advanced electro-optical PICs, paving the way for volume manufacturing.
A large multi-model study published in Science found global biodiversity declined 2-11% due to land-use change. Climate change could become main driver of biodiversity loss by mid-century, with combined effects leading to decline in all world regions.
Researchers developed a comprehensive modeling method to predict energy losses during hurricanes. The U.S.-Caribbean super grid configuration showed the highest power reliability increase. The study has broad implications for renewable integration and U.S. energy independence from fossil fuels.
A new case report uses longitudinal multi-omics monitoring to detect a precancerous pancreatic tumor in a patient. The study highlights the potential of blood-based LMOM for early detection and personalized medicine, warranting further translational research.
The innovative Integrated Virtual Care (IVC) program successfully connected residents with family physicians in Renfrew County, addressing the rural shortage of primary care providers. Over 2,800 unique patient appointments were conducted, with 70% done virtually, offering comprehensive team-based primary care.
Two new Review articles explore AI's application in early cancer detection, highlighting its potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve treatment selection. The articles emphasize the need for a robust, multi-disciplinary approach to integrate AI into medicine.
The University of Houston contributes to the local hydrogen ecosystem through Texas Innovates' winning proposal, 'Carbon and Hydrogen Innovation & Learning Incubator.' The organization will provide incubation, access to partner laboratories, and scale-up support for hydrogen startups in the greater Houston region.
A Northwestern University study found ChatGPT's responses to radiation oncology patient questions were on par or exceeded professional society answers. The AI technology aims to empower patients before and after seeing physicians, while also reducing clinician burnout.
Researchers have developed two innovative methods for mass-producing metalenses, reducing production costs by up to 1,000 times. The team achieved successful creation of large-scale infrared metalenses with high resolution and exceptional light-collecting capabilities.
Researchers are developing a new framework to integrate renewable energy sources with the power grid using machine learning. The goal is to ensure efficient and stable operations while maximizing wind and solar power usage.
Researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology developed an open-source AI solution to address voltage fluctuations in power grids caused by renewable energy and electric vehicles. The DRL algorithms optimize large-scale coordination of energy sources safely under fast fluctuations.
A global team of researchers has invented recyclable water batteries that don't catch fire or explode, addressing safety concerns in lithium-ion technology. The batteries use abundant materials like magnesium and zinc, reducing manufacturing costs and environmental risks.
A self-powered movable seawall system harnesses microtidal energy to generate electricity, protecting ports against tsunamis and providing emergency power. The system is feasible in 20 Japanese ports along the western coast, facing the Nankai Trough, which is prone to megathrust earthquakes and tsunamis.
Researchers found that practice interventions for improving integrated behavioral health (IBH) activities had a minimal impact on patient outcomes. However, practices that completed the intervention and those with higher IBH levels showed improved patient outcomes.
A UTHealth Houston researcher is leading a large-scale implementation trial to address disparities in palliative care for Parkinson's disease and related dementia patients. The study aims to reduce low-value and unequal care, improve end-of-life care, and promote health equity.
Researchers developed a novel approach to predict therapeutic targets for aging and age-related diseases. They trained a domain-specific BioGPT model on biomedical literature, which improved its performance in identifying prospective targets.
A significant share of EU voters perceive the European Commission as having more power than it actually does, according to a new study. Citizens' misperceptions about EU institutions can be exploited by populist parties, researchers warn.