Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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A national clinical trial found that oxybutynin significantly reduced hot flash frequency and quality of life for men undergoing hormone therapy for prostate cancer. The study showed substantial improvements in hot flash symptoms, often within the first week of treatment.
OYE-101, a novel intravenous caffeine formulation, aims to accelerate recovery from general anesthesia and deep sedation in adults. The FDA-cleared treatment also seeks to address opioid-induced respiratory depression and related overdose situations.
Cancer cells tap into the nervous system's power grid by forming synaptic contacts with nerve cells, promoting tumor growth and spread. Venkataramani's research aims to repurpose the drug perampanel for glioblastoma treatment and develop gene therapy approaches to disconnect tumors from the nervous system.
A national clinical trial found that abemaciclib, an oral cancer drug, may slow tumor growth in patients with aggressive meningiomas with specific genetic mutations. The trial showed promising results, with a median progression-free survival of 10 months and a median overall survival of 29 months.
The Phase 2 ANDROMEDA trial combines two types of PSMA-targeted radiopharmaceuticals with stereotactic body radiotherapy to delay progression and minimize side effects in patients with oligorecurrent prostate cancer. Researchers aim to determine which approach provides the most durable cancer control.
A major U.S. clinical trial has uncovered a genetic factor that may inform how to optimize the dosing of abiraterone, a widely used hormone treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Researchers found that men who carry a specific version of the gene SULT2A1 clear abiraterone from their bodies more slowly, which could affect how well it w...
A new clinical trial, PAGODA, seeks to minimize treatment interruptions and help patients complete their chemotherapy as planned. The trial will test a structured plan to guide doctors in making small, proactive changes to chemotherapy doses to prevent treatment delays.
A clinical trial by UC San Diego School of Medicine found that personalizing cancer treatments using molecular testing improves treatment success. The study used advanced genomic sequencing to identify unique tumor DNA profiles and developed personalized treatment plans, resulting in better treatment results for patients.
In a new study, Northwestern scientists identified a previously unknown toxic sub-species of amyloid beta oligomers that drive brain changes in Alzheimer's disease. NU-9 decreased this toxin and reduced damage in a mouse model, suggesting it could prevent or delay the cascade of toxic events that destroy neurons.
The study will select the exact phage that is appropriate for each patient's bacteria, and aims to reduce antibiotic use and healthcare costs. Bacteriophages have been shown to be effective against resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infections.
Acute sepsis alters fluid kinetics and creates a 'third space' resistant to adrenergic modulation, leading to maldistribution of crystalloid fluid. Vasoactive drugs have limited effect on fluid distribution in septic sheep compared to healthy animals.
A blood test may help doctors identify which patients with colon cancer can benefit from anti-inflammatory medication and chemotherapy after surgery. The test measures circulating tumor DNA levels, and high-risk patients who test positive see improved survival rates when taking celecoxib with chemotherapy.
A study found that only 6% of FDA-approved drugs reflect the US racial and ethnic makeup, with a decline in Black and Hispanic enrollment between 2021 and 2023. The researchers recommend setting diversity goals at preclinical stages and collecting biological samples to understand how people's bodies react to medications.
Mass General Brigham's new AI company, AIwithCare, has developed a software platform that leverages generative AI to screen patients for clinical trial eligibility. The tool, RECTIFIER, was found to accurately identify eligible patients and enroll them in clinical trials at a lower cost than traditional methods.
A randomized trial found that etomidate is safe to use and significantly decreases the risk of dangerously low blood pressures during tracheal intubation compared to ketamine. This new evidence supports the use of etomidate as a safer alternative for critically ill adults.
The company's AI tool, RECTIFIER, uses generative AI to screen patients for clinical trial eligibility, significantly outperforming manual screening in accuracy and efficiency. The tool has been shown to more accurately identify eligible patients and reduce the burden of manual chart review in various healthcare settings.
A new online tool has been developed to detect drug exposure directly from patient samples, revealing a more accurate picture of what drugs are in a person's body than what is listed on their medical record. The tool uses a publicly-available library of chemical fingerprints from thousands of drugs and their breakdown products.
A new treatment called MA-5 has been developed to target mitochondrial diseases, a rare and intractable condition with severe symptoms like neurological disorders and organ damage. The Phase II clinical trial is expected to slow the progression of the disease and improve hearing loss, a common complication.
A new method for detecting illicit drugs on surfaces uses common household items to identify both the type and quantity of substances, achieving high levels of sensitivity and selectivity. The process reduces toxic chemicals and is faster, simpler, and more environmentally sustainable than existing methods.
A monthly injection has helped 90% of severe asthma patients reduce their reliance on daily steroid tablets. Treatment with tezepelumab improved asthma symptoms, lung function, and overall quality of life, with two-thirds of patients experiencing no asthma attacks.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have developed a new treatment for acute myeloid leukemia, a deadly form of blood cancer. The FDA-approved medication works by disrupting cellular protein interactions that drive leukemia cell growth and survival, offering patients a potential cure.
The article highlights the mismatch between psychedelics and economic drug development principles. Pharmaceutical companies are developing short-acting compounds and neuroplastogens to engineer trips out of the experience altogether. Dr. Sandy Hager's research suggests investors should remain cautious due to weak intellectual property ...
Sorfequiline, in combination with pretomanid and linezolid, showed greater activity against TB than the standard of care, indicating potential to shorten treatment time. The regimen had a comparable safety profile to the standard of care for people with drug-sensitive TB.
A new study has identified three existing medications that could potentially prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease. The shingles vaccine is the most promising candidate, showing a strong safety record and reducing dementia risk by 16%. Repurposing medicines from other conditions offers a quicker and safer route to potential new treatments.
A nationwide telehealth clinical trial is now open at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center for adults with advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer with specific mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene. The study will test pemigatinib, a smart drug targeting these genetic mutations.
Researchers used human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids to model nephronophthisis, revealing the Hippo signaling pathway's role in fibrosis. Inhibiting this pathway with drugs like verteporfin shows promise as a treatment option.
Researchers found high-engagement social media posts lack essential risk information and promotional elements, potentially eroding patient decision-making. The study highlights the need for fair balance in online advertising to maintain informed consent.
Researchers found olezarsen significantly reduced acute pancreatitis incidence by 85% in patients with severely elevated triglyceride levels. The drug also lowered triglyceride levels below 500mg/dL in over 85% of participants.
In a clinical trial of 12,257 patients at high risk, investigators found that adding the drug evolocumab to a patient’s treatment reduced the risk of a first heart attack, first stroke, or coronary heart disease death by 25%. The study also showed a 36% reduction in heart attacks and a nominally lower rate of death in the evolocumab arm.
The DEFEND study aims to assess whether virtual exercise sessions can be successfully delivered to patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy. Researchers will evaluate the impact on physical function, fatigue, and disability.
Three new Cochrane reviews found GLP-1 drugs result in clinically meaningful weight loss, but evidence on longer-term outcomes and side effects is limited. The wider use of these drugs should consider social and commercial determinants to avoid deepening existing health inequities.
The FDA has approved elinzanetant for treating hot flashes and night sweats in postmenopausal women. The drug significantly reduces the frequency and severity of symptoms while improving sleep quality and quality of life.
A new Alliance trial is exploring the effectiveness of a combination of targeted therapy and immunotherapy for patients with advanced adrenocortical carcinoma, a rare and aggressive cancer. The study aims to improve disease control and quality of life for patients with limited treatment options.
The termination of thousands of federal grants has raised ethical concerns about clinical trial closures, particularly among children and adolescents. Researchers argue that sudden stops can break trust and harm participants, violating long-standing principles.
A new clinical trial found that adding a PSMA-targeting agent to stereotactic radiation therapy doubled progression-free survival in patients with limited metastatic prostate cancer. The study also showed that the treatment delayed hormone therapy by 24 months and improved local control.
Researchers have designed a novel quintuple agonist combining GLP-1R, GIPR, and PPAR agonism to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes. The molecule, lanifibranor, shows potent effects in reducing body weight and improving hyperglycaemia in mice with obesity and insulin resistance.
Researchers are testing whether low-concentrate atropine drops can delay the onset of myopia in children. The study aims to reduce the risk of sight-threatening complications later in life by decreasing how nearsighted someone becomes.
A large international clinical trial found that elinzanetant significantly reduces hot flashes and night sweats in postmenopausal women by over 73%. The drug also shows secondary benefits such as improved quality of life and reduced sleep disturbances, with no harmful effects on the liver or bone density.
A daily pill of baricitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, preserves insulin-producing beta cell function and slows type 1 diabetes progression in people recently diagnosed with the condition. The treatment's therapeutic effect is lost when it's stopped, justifying its testing in earlier stages to prevent or delay clinical diagnosis.
The Ver-A-T1D trial suggests that verapamil could preserve beta-cell function in adults with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The study demonstrated encouraging trends towards beta-cell preservation and well-established safety profile, but narrowly missed statistical significance.
A randomized clinical trial shows that low-dose aspirin reduces the risk of recurrence by 55% in patients with colon and rectal cancer harboring a specific genetic mutation. Aspirin's anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects may be responsible for its therapeutic benefits.
A phase 3 trial of once-daily orforglipron found substantial weight loss in people with obesity but not type 2 diabetes. The medication improved cardiometabolic levels and was associated with significant reductions in body weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride levels, and non-HDL cholesterol.
A recent study found that two-thirds of clinical trial participants experienced complete remission from major depressive disorder five years after psilocybin-assisted therapy. The treatment also showed significant and large reduction in depression symptoms, with many participants reporting improved well-being measures.
A new study from Mizzou's College of Veterinary Medicine analyzed the effects of radioactive iodine therapy on thyroid cancer in dogs. The research found that tailoring the dose of radiation more precisely for each dog could improve outcomes and potentially lead to more targeted care.
A comprehensive registry study in Sweden found that healthy, full-term babies under three months old are at risk of severe illness from RSV. The study highlights several risk factors, including birth weight and sibling age, which increase the risk of needing intensive care or dying.
Researchers found that individuals from African American, Hispanic and Asian groups were less likely to have elevated amyloid in the brain based on blood levels of p-tau217. This finding suggests that these groups may have a lower prevalence of amyloid and are not at sufficient risk to qualify for amyloid-lowering trials.
Ibezapolstat, a new antibiotic, has been shown to be effective in treating Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infections with high rates of sustained clinical cures. The study found that ibezapolstat killed harmful bacteria without harming the good bacteria in the gut, which helps prevent recurrent C. diff infections.
A single dose of MM120 (lysergide) produced a dose-dependent reduction in anxiety in participants with moderate to severe generalized anxiety disorder. The study supports the efficacy of MM120 and informs dose selection for phase 3 pivotal trials.
Semaglutide significantly reduces cocaine-seeking behavior in rats by 26%, with a 62% drop in seeking after abstinence. This finding suggests semaglutide's potential as a treatment for human cocaine dependency, currently lacking effective pharmacological options.
A clinical trial led by Professor Robert Bals found that azelastine nasal spray significantly reduced the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by 66%. The treatment group showed fewer symptomatic infections and lower respiratory rates compared to the placebo group.
A new study published in The New England Journal of Medicine and the European Heart Journal finds that beta blockers, commonly prescribed after a heart attack, provide no clinical benefit for patients with preserved heart function. Women treated with beta blockers had a higher risk of death, heart attack, or hospitalization for heart f...
A clinical trial led by Tohoku University has found that lubiprostone can prevent the decline of renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease. The study evaluated the effects of lubiprostone on kidney function and found that it improves mitochondrial function, which exerts a renoprotective effect.
A new class of targeted therapy showed promise in treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in pet cats, with 35% of patients experiencing controlled disease. The drug, which targets the transcription factor STAT3, also raised levels of PD-1, a protein associated with an immune response to cancer.
Research from the University of South Australia finds that ibuprofen and paracetamol drive antibiotic resistance when used individually, but amplifying it when combined. The study also reveals that common bacteria like E. coli become highly resistant to antibiotics and multiple other medications.
A new RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated for the analysis of orlistat, a widely used anti-obesity drug. The method ensures accurate quantification and is fully compliant with International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines, reducing solvent use and analysis time.
A new imaging approach allows researchers to visualize how dual-acting diabetes and obesity drugs like tirzepatide interact with cells in the pancreas and brain. The tool, called daLUXendins, provides insight into the metabolic effects triggered by these drugs, which stimulate both GLP-1R and GIPR receptors.
Researchers from Australia and China have found nine high-priority pathogens in aircraft lavatory wastewater, including some resistant to multiple drugs. The study suggests that monitoring aircraft wastewater could provide an early warning system for the spread of antimicrobial-resistant superbugs.
Researchers have found a way to rearrange atoms in a new generation of malaria drugs to make them more soluble, maintaining their effectiveness against drug-resistant parasites. This breakthrough could lead to an effective successor to artemisinin-based combination therapy.
Researchers developed a deep learning model to predict ADRs using molecular structures, achieving high accuracy in detecting rare effects and minimal risk for novel molecules. The model demonstrated potential as a decision-support tool in early-phase drug discovery and regulatory safety monitoring.
A recent University of Michigan study found that nonmedical use of prescription ADHD drugs among adolescents has dropped from 10% in 2005 to 6% in 2023. Lifetime medical use also increased slightly during the same period, but overall trends suggest a decrease in misusing these prescriptions.