The couch potato effect
A new study reveals that a key muscle protein is necessary for exercise but not normal muscle development. PGC-1-deficient mice exhibit mitochondrial problems but remain insulin-sensitive and do not develop diabetes.
Diabetes
Research on diabetes and its complications. Covers glucose prediction, nerve pain, weight-loss drugs, insulin access, and diabetes management.
During National Diabetes Awareness month, new report ties disease to shortened life expectancy
A new report commissioned by The National Academy on an Aging Society finds that older adults with diabetes have a lower life expectancy than those without the disease. The analysis, based on data from the Health and Retirement Study, reveals a significant increase in diabetes prevalence among boomers and seniors.
Scientists discover new mechanism for controlling blood sugar level
Researchers at the University of Leicester identified a new way the body controls blood sugar levels after meals, involving the M3-muscarinic receptor protein. The study suggests this mechanism may be disrupted in diabetes, offering potential implications for treatment.
SourceUniversity of Leicester·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateNov 29, 2010
How mom's health may increase risk of kidney disease
Children with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are more likely to have mothers who were obese or had diabetes during pregnancy. Strict control of diabetes and weight loss may lower kids' risk of CKD.
Aged, damaged hearts yield stem cells that could treat heart failure
Researchers found that functional cardiac stem cells can be isolated from aged and damaged hearts, with women producing more CSCs than men. The study suggests that these stem cells have the potential to regenerate heart muscle and vessel tissue, potentially treating heart failure.
Program for young students increases interest in college attendance and medical careers
A unique program in East Harlem helps middle school students learn practical health skills, resulting in increased interest in college attendance and medical careers. The MedStart Summer Enrichment Program improves student knowledge of diseases prevalent in their community, such as asthma and diabetes.
Researchers find tie between fat outside of the arteries and cardiovascular disease
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found a link between fat around the outside of arteries and the development of cardiovascular disease, particularly in individuals with diabetes. The study suggests that this fat tissue, known as perivascular adipose tissue, can lead to inflammation and unstable blood vessels, increasing the ...
Internal body clock controls fat metabolism, UCI study shows
Researchers at UCI discovered that circadian rhythms directly control PPAR-gamma, a protein essential for lipid metabolism. The discovery could lead to new pharmaceuticals targeting the specific amino acid on PPAR-gamma, offering a singular target for drug development.
'If chronic diseases are ignored we will sleepwalk into a world where healthy people are a minority and unhealthy children die before their parents'
The NCD Alliance warns that ignoring chronic diseases will lead to a future where healthy people are in the minority, while unhealthy children die before their parents. The alliance calls for effective actions on diet, physical activity, risks, and determinants related to non-communicable diseases.
Variation in heart disease death risk in England largely attributed to population characteristics
A study in England found that coronary heart disease mortality rates vary greatly between local populations due to factors such as low socioeconomic status, white ethnicity, smoking levels, and diabetes. The study suggests that programs to reduce mortality should target population characteristics rather than healthcare services.
Potential drug therapy for diabetic retinopathy under study
Scientists are exploring the therapeutic potential of (+)- pentazocine in treating diabetic retinopathy. The study aims to determine if the drug can block or promote sigma receptor action and improve retinal health in patients. Researchers also want to know if the drug is effective when given later in the disease process.
SourceMedical College of Georgia at Augusta University·JournalInvestigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·DateNov 8, 2010
Greater food insecurity from recession poses increased risk to low income individuals with diabetes
A new study found that food-insecure adults with diabetes have higher body mass indexes and greater financial constraints on food choices. However, after receiving nutrition education via telemedicine, both groups reported improved diet adherence and similar lab values associated with diabetes care.
Understanding diabetes at the molecular level
Scientists have identified a crucial protein complex called TORC 2 that plays a significant role in insulin signaling and is linked to both diabetes and cancer. The study found that activating this complex is essential for cells to take up sugar from the blood, and that it may hold potential as a new target for treating type II diabetes.
Glucosamine causes the death of pancreatic cells
High doses of glucosamine can cause the death of pancreatic cells, potentially increasing the risk of developing diabetes. Research by Université Laval's Faculty of Pharmacy found that prolonged exposure to glucosamine triggers a mechanism that negatively affects cell survival in the pancreas.
Adverse neighborhood conditions greatly aggravate mobility problems from diabetes
A study found that living in neighborhoods with poor air quality, traffic noise, and infrastructure issues significantly increases the risk of mobility problems among African Americans with diabetes. The researchers discovered that people with diabetes who live in adverse neighborhood conditions are up to 80 times more likely to develo...
Dad's weight and diet linked to offspring's risk of diabetes
Researchers found a significant link between paternal weight, diet, and an increased risk of diabetes in offspring through epigenetic changes. The study, published in Nature, showed that high-fat diets in fathers can 'program' metabolic disease in their children.
Diabetic adults' conditions improved after phone calls with fellow patients
A peer partnership program improved diabetes patients' conditions by reducing blood sugar levels and increasing insulin therapy rates compared to traditional nurse care management. The study found that peer support activated patients to take a more active role in managing their condition.
SourceMichigan Medicine - University of Michigan·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·DateOct 18, 2010
Diabetes hospitalizations rise dramatically for young women
A study published in Journal of Women's Health reveals a rapid increase in diabetes hospitalizations for young adults, particularly young women, which echoes the dramatic rise in obesity rates across the US. The number of hospitalizations among younger adults more than doubled from 1993 to 2006.
Study links large waist size to higher diabetes rates among Americans
A new US study links larger waist sizes to significantly higher diabetes rates among American adults compared to their English peers. The research suggests that waist circumference, rather than traditional risk factors like obesity, poses a substantial health risk for Americans, particularly women.
Patient-provider language barriers linked to worse diabetes control
A new study found that Latino patients with limited English skills have poor blood sugar control if seen by non-Spanish speaking doctors, even with available interpreter services. Direct communication with a Spanish-speaking doctor can improve health outcomes.
SourceUniversity of California - San Francisco·JournalJournal of General Internal Medicine·DateOct 6, 2010
Specific kidney cell could be key in the treatment of kidney failure in diabetes
A recent study published in Cell Metabolism has identified podocytes as a crucial factor in the development of kidney failure in diabetes. The researchers found that these cells become less responsive to insulin, leading to similar kidney disease symptoms in mice with normal blood sugar levels.
Garlic oil shows protective effect against heart disease in diabetes
Scientists have found that garlic oil can protect against heart disease in people with diabetes by reducing inflammation and weakening the heart's muscle tissue. The antioxidant properties of garlic oil were identified as a key factor in this effect.
National study finds strong link between diabetes and air pollution
A national epidemiologic study finds a strong link between adult diabetes and particulate air pollution, persisting after adjustment for other risk factors. The relationship was seen even at exposure levels below the current EPA safety limit.
In pregnancy, a large waistline and high triglycerides: Early screen for gestational diabetes
A study published in CMAJ found that an increased waistline and high triglyceride levels during the first trimester are linked to higher glucose intolerance levels later in pregnancy. Researchers suggest that measuring waist girth in combination with triglyceride concentrations may be useful for early screening of gestational diabetes.
SourceCanadian Medical Association Journal·JournalCanadian Medical Association Journal·DateSep 20, 2010
Drug holds promise to halt debilitating condition of diabetes
Researchers at the University of Kansas have developed a drug that can stop and reverse diabetic peripheral neuropathy, a debilitating condition leading to nerve death and amputations. The compound, KU-32, has been shown to inhibit molecular chaperones and restore sensory neuron function.
Obesity, diabetes epidemics continue to grow in California, UCLA study finds
A UCLA study found that obesity and diabetes prevalence significantly increased in California between 2001 and 2007, with no racial or economic segment unscathed. The study recommends increasing access to recreational facilities, parks, and promoting healthy food options to combat these conditions.
Diabetes impairs but does not halt sex among older adults
A study of nearly 2,000 people with diabetes found that many remain sexually active, but experience impairment in desire and rewards. Men are more likely to express a lack of interest in sex and experience erectile dysfunction, while women report orgasm difficulties.
Study compares risk with 2 diabetes drugs
A new study published by the American Heart Association compares the risks of diabetes drugs rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, finding that patients taking either medication have a similar risk of heart attack, heart failure, or death. The study included over 36,000 patients and followed them for 33 months.
Antibiotic may reduce stroke risk and injury in diabetics
Researchers at Medical College of Georgia found that daily minocycline treatment can help diabetics avoid strokes or minimize damage by reducing blood vessel remodeling. This could benefit diabetics who are already at increased risk for bleeding and stroke damage.
SourceMedical College of Georgia at Augusta University·JournalJournal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism·DateAug 23, 2010
UT professor: Study underscores link between walking, cycling and health
A study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that communities with more walkers and cyclists are healthier than those relying on cars. The research analyzed city- and state-level data to show a significant link between active travel and physical activity, obesity, and diabetes rates.
SourceUniversity of Tennessee at Knoxville·JournalAmerican Journal of Public Health·DateAug 19, 2010
Health disparities exist among black and Hispanic kidney donors
Research found that black and Hispanic kidney donors are more likely to develop hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease compared to white donors. The study highlights the need for better pre-donation counseling and post-donation follow-up to address these health disparities.
Obesity and diabetes: Immune cells in fat tissue explain the link
Inflammation-causing cells in fat tissue contribute to the link between obesity and diabetes. Researchers found that macrophages produce cytokines that lead to insulin resistance. Losing weight reduced macrophage presence and risk of complications.
New diabetes risk assessment developed
The University of Leicester has developed an online diabetes risk assessment tool using 7 questions to identify those at high risk. The tool is being used in a number of studies to encourage people to see their doctor and has already been taken by over 21,000 individuals.
Prevalence of eye disorder high among older US adults with diabetes
A study estimates nearly 30% of US adults over 40 with diabetes have diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness. The study also reveals higher prevalence and risk factors for vision-threatening retinopathy among diverse populations.
1 high-fat diet, 2 different outcomes: The path to obesity becomes clearer
A study by Yale researchers found that a high-fat diet influences the brain's development, making some individuals more prone to obesity and others resistant. The study suggests that genetic and environmental factors, particularly maternal impact on the developing brain, play a critical role in determining vulnerability to obesity.
One molecule, many more insulin-producing cells to treat diabetes, says Pitt team
A single stimulatory molecule has been found to sustain human insulin-producing cell replication in a mouse model of diabetes, indicating potential treatment options for the condition.
Diabetes monitoring device benefits man and man's best friend
Researchers have successfully used a continuous glucose monitoring device to treat dogs with diabetes, providing greater monitoring capabilities and alleviating the need for multiple blood samples. The device, commonly used in human diabetes treatment, helps veterinarians determine proper insulin dosages and manage diet-related factors.
Overcoming childhood obesity means addressing mom's weight issues as well
The STOP Obesity Alliance Task Force on Women highlights four critical factors hindering women's efforts to combat childhood obesity: socioeconomic challenges, lack of access to healthcare, limited education and awareness, and societal pressure. By addressing these obstacles, the Alliance aims to promote healthier lifestyles and reduce...
Mayo Clinic researchers find dementia in diabetics differs from dementia in nondiabetics
Researchers find vascular disease in the brain causes dementia in diabetics, while Alzheimer's-related plaque is more common in nondiabetics. A new blood test may be more accurate for predicting Alzheimer's disease in nondiabetics.
Disruption of circadian rhythm could lead to diabetes
A study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that disrupting two genes controlling circadian rhythms can lead to diabetes. The researchers discovered that mice with defective CLOCK and BMAL1 genes developed pancreatic cells unable to release sufficient amounts of insulin, leading to diabetes.
New discovery in nerve regrowth
Researchers discovered a way to boost nerve growth in peripheral nervous system, offering potential treatments for diabetes and traumatic injuries. Blocking PTEN molecular brake increased nerve outgrowth, providing hope for recovery from nerve damage
Severe angina poses 3 times the coronary artery disease risk for women than men
Women with severe angina are three times more likely to develop severe coronary artery disease than men. The study found that even younger women face a higher risk of developing CAD than men in the same age group. Diabetes and high blood pressure also play a significant role in increasing the risk, particularly among young women.
A bittersweet warning for women with gestational diabetes
A Tel Aviv University study finds that women who fail the glucose challenge test have a nearly 50% chance of developing Type II diabetes within ten years. The test's predictive power highlights the need for personalized counseling and intervention to prevent disease onset.
Inactivity 'no contributor' to childhood obesity epidemic
A new study published in Archives of Disease in Childhood found that physical activity has no impact on weight change in children, but weight loss can lead to reduced physical activity. This suggests that addressing childhood obesity through reducing caloric intake and portion size may be more effective than increasing physical activity.
SourceThe Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry·JournalArchives of Disease in Childhood·DateJul 7, 2010
Study examines outcomes of blood-pressure control for diabetes and coronary artery disease patients
Patients with hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease who maintained systolic blood pressure at less than 130 mm Hg did not have improved cardiovascular outcomes compared to usual blood pressure control. Tight blood pressure control was actually associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality.
CWRU study finds visually impaired people get insulin pen dosages right
A CWRU study of 60 participants with visual impairment and sighted peers found that visually impaired individuals performed slightly better in dosing accuracy, despite using non-visual tools. The results challenge the common warning against visually impaired people using insulin pens.
SourceCase Western Reserve University·JournalJournal of Diabetes Science and Technology·DateJul 1, 2010
Aggressive control of cardiac risk factors might not benefit all patients with diabetes
A mathematical model suggests that aggressively treating low blood pressure and cholesterol levels may harm some patients with diabetes. The study found that only a small proportion of patients at average risk received significant benefits from intensive treatment.
A 1-2 punch: Embryonic cell and adult pig islet transplants cure diabetes in rats
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have alleviated diabetes in rats using transplants from both embryonic and adult pigs. The rats adopted the pig transplants as their own and produced enough insulin to control their blood sugar levels, a significant breakthrough in treating the disease.
Diabetes doubles risk of heart attack and strokes: The disease is now responsible for 1 in 10 cardiovascular deaths
A recent study of 700,000 people found that diabetes approximately doubles the risk of developing blood vessel diseases, including heart attacks and strokes. The disease is now estimated to be responsible for 325,000 cardiovascular deaths per year in industrialized countries.
Adults with newly diagnosed diabetes at risk of liver disease
A 13-year study found a higher incidence rate of serious liver disease in adults with newly diagnosed diabetes compared to non-diabetic controls. The study suggests that insulin resistance and fatty load in the liver may contribute to liver disease in people with diabetes.
SourceCanadian Medical Association Journal·JournalCanadian Medical Association Journal·DateJun 21, 2010
Diabetes patients admitted for acute exacerbations of COPD have longer hospital stay
Patients with diabetes admitted for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience longer hospital stays and are at an increased risk of death. High blood sugar may cause more severe infections due to impaired immune responses, leading to a trend towards longer hospital stays for patients with diabetes.
Many people with diabetes do not know or heed dangers of hot weather
A new survey found that people with diabetes in hot climates have impaired knowledge about proper self-care in extreme temperatures. Many patients surveyed had suboptimal glycemic control during summer months, increasing their risk of dehydration and heat-related illnesses.
Certain obese people are not at high risk of heart disease, diabetes
A recent study found that only 6.8% of obese individuals are 'metabolically healthy', meaning they have no history of heart disease or stroke, diabetes, or high blood pressure. These metabolically healthy obese individuals appear to have protection against cardiovascular disease.
New role for ancient clock
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered a direct link between the pancreas' molecular clock and insulin production, highlighting its role in regulating glucose homeostasis. The findings suggest that faulty clocks may contribute to the development of diabetes.
Risk of heart attack in patients
A new study reveals that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have a two-fold increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI), comparable to diabetes patients. The risk is particularly high in young women with RA, increasing six-fold for those under 50 years old.
Aspirin recommendations changed for many younger diabetic patients
Experts now advise against low-dose aspirin therapy for men under 50 and women under 60 with diabetes, citing risks of stomach bleeding and other side effects. Generic medications for high blood pressure and cholesterol control may be more effective in preventing heart attacks.
New pathway to cheap insulin
Scientists from the Helmholtz Centre in Braunschweig, Germany, have created a new and cheaper way to produce insulin. The new method uses yeast Pichia pastoris to increase the yield of an insulin precursor, reducing costs. This breakthrough could make insulin more affordable for people in developing countries.
Research points to 2 promising proteins for preventing diabetes
Researchers identify two promising proteins, eIF5A and DHS, as potential targets for preventing diabetes. Blocking their actions significantly reduced the development of diabetes in mice, offering a new route for drug therapies.
SourceIndiana University School of Medicine·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·DateMay 24, 2010
What is the protein modification hypusine? A therapeutic target in diabetes
Researchers have identified eIF5A as a crucial player in pancreatic beta cell dysfunction in diabetes. Blocking hypusine modification of eIF5A protected mice in a model of diabetes, suggesting potential therapeutics for preserving beta cell function.
Frequent doctor visits help diabetics lower blood pressure more quickly
A large study found that frequent doctor visits can help diabetes patients lower their high blood pressure to normal levels more quickly. Patients who visited their primary care physicians at intervals of one month or less saw a faster decline in blood pressure, with an average time to reach normal levels of just 0.7 months.