Articles tagged with Inflammatory Response
A team of scientists at UMass Medical School identified a long non-coding RNA called lincRNA-EPS, which regulates innate immunity and prevents inflammation. In mice lacking this RNA, inflammatory responses were increased, leading to toxic shock.
A two-year study found that restricting calories by 25% in healthy non-obese individuals reduced markers of chronic inflammation without negatively affecting immune responses. Chronic inflammation is linked to age-related diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and dementia.
Researchers found that mosquito bites can facilitate viral replication and spread by triggering an inflammatory response in the skin. The study suggests new approaches for combating viruses, including using topical creams to suppress bite inflammation.
Immune cells build a molecular memory of their first meal after eating a dying neighboring cell, shaping their inflammatory behavior. This discovery may lead to novel therapies for inflammatory disorders such as atherosclerosis, cancer, and arthritis.
A research team at the University of Tsukuba identified a crucial role for spleen marginal zone B lymphocytes in exacerbating endotoxin shock through cytokine production. MZ B cells produce large quantities of IL-6 and other inflammatory chemokines in response to LPS, highlighting their strong pro-inflammatory role.
Researchers found that topoisomerase 1 inhibitors suppress inflammation in mice, potentially treating sepsis and other immune disorders. These drugs have shown promise in rescuing mice from a lethal inflammatory response caused by bacterial infections, suggesting a new approach to controlling acute infections.
Research found that TNF-alpha induces immune surveillance cells called M cells, which promote the body's ability to regulate and suppress inflammatory responses. This discovery could lead to more targeted drug therapies for treating IBD and other autoimmune diseases.
A recent study from Texas A&M University reveals that consuming saturated fats at certain times can disrupt the body's internal clock and trigger metabolic disorders. The research suggests that timing of fat consumption plays a crucial role in inflammation and disease prevention.
A high viral load is associated with a dampened inflammatory response in innate immune cells from HIV-infected individuals. Epigenetic modifications at the TNFα gene locus are observed in monocytes of patients with high virus levels.
UAB researchers have identified a protein called IL-37 that suppresses the inflammatory response after spinal cord injuries, minimizing tissue degeneration and functional disabilities. This discovery opens the door to a new treatment for acute spinal cord injuries, which currently has no effective treatment available.
A new study published in Nature Communications has identified predictors and response mechanisms to the hepatitis B vaccine. Researchers found that elevated levels of inflammatory response transcripts correlate with weaker responses, while augmented B-cell responses are linked to stronger reactions.
Researchers have identified alveolar macrophages as key contributors to cystic fibrosis airway inflammation, with the overabundance of XBP-1 protein mediating their inflammatory effect. This discovery bolsters the case for targeting this pathway in therapy.
Researchers at Georgia State University have discovered a critical role for CYLD in controlling the body's inflammatory response to pathogens. This finding could lead to the development of novel anti-inflammatory agents, as traditional treatments like steroids can cause serious side effects.
Researchers identified quebecol, a molecule in maple syrup with anti-inflammatory properties, and its derivatives show promise as potential treatments for arthritis and other inflammatory diseases. The discovery could lead to a new class of anti-inflammatory agents with reduced side effects.
Researchers found that patients with IBS have reduced sensitivity in their gut nerves, contradicting previous theories of over-sensitivity. This desensitization could be a protective measure to prevent overstimulation.
Researchers identified molecular signatures that predict immune protection in response to flu vaccination, with elderly individuals showing high levels of monocytes and low antibody-producing B cells. This study provides insight into potential mechanisms underlying reduced vaccine efficacy in older adults.
A new study found that a Mediterranean-type diet high in monounsaturated fats and low in saturated fats decreased the inflammatory response, compared to diets high or low in palmitic acid. The research suggests that dietary fats may play a key role in obesity-related diseases.
A recent study by TSRI researchers has uncovered a novel pathway between the cell's powerhouses (mitochondria) and the immune system. RIPK3, an enzyme involved in cell death, relays signals between mitochondria and NKT cells, regulating both cancer and inflammatory responses.
The Paul G. Allen Family Foundation has partnered with the Alzheimer's Association to award three grants totaling $500,000 to study the role of inflammation on characteristic plaques and tangles of devastating brain disease. Researchers aim to better understand the interactions between the immune system and Alzheimer's pathologies.
Dr. Jian-Dong Li is developing novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics against middle-ear infections, a major childhood bacterial infection causing conductive hearing loss. The goal is to suppress overactive inflammation and improve middle-ear hearing function.
Researchers have identified a 'decoy' molecule that can modulate the body's immune response to the flu virus, reducing the risk of deadly inflammation. The molecule, 2R9, has shown promising results in mice, with only 22% dying from flu compared to 90% in untreated groups.
A study measuring adults' reactions to stress found that maintaining positive moods can reduce inflammation, a risk factor for obesity, heart disease, and cancer. Women are particularly at heightened risk of chronic inflammation.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine uses a computer simulation to replicate known individual outcomes and predict population results for traumatic injury. The model accurately predicted hospital length of stay and multi-organ dysfunction, but found limitations in extrapolating from single mechanisms to outcomes.
Researchers found that a protein called senataxin plays a crucial role in moderating the inflammatory response to certain viral infections. This discovery may lead to new avenues for treating neurological diseases like ALS and ataxia, which are associated with persistent inflammation.
Researchers have found that the receptor TLR4 and protein galectin-3 are crucial in amplifying brain inflammation. Galectin-3 is secreted by microglial cells and binds to TLR4, intensifying the inflammatory response.
A study by the Institute of Cancer Research found that breast cancer cells with a 'mesenchymal-like' shape are more sensitive to inflammatory signals, which could be harnessed to treat cancer. The researchers used robotic microscopy and automated algorithms to measure the shape of hundreds of thousands of different breast cancer cells.
Researchers have deciphered the mechanism of interleukin 37 (IL-37), a powerful inhibitor of inflammation, revealing its ability to regulate and control inflammation by binding to specific receptors on target cells. The findings hold promise for developing new drugs to treat inflammatory diseases such as stroke, heart attack, and autoi...
Researchers found that aged mice developed more severe intestinal permeability and bacterial infections after stroke, leading to higher mortality rates. In contrast, social isolation improved recovery in aged mice by reducing inflammation and enhancing brain function.
Researchers identified key immune biomarkers that can help distinguish between HIV patients who experience life-threatening complications and those who fare well on treatment. The findings suggest that personalized approaches may be necessary for these patients, as a one-size-fits-all approach could worsen outcomes.
Research published in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases found that smoking impairs the response to biological drugs used to treat inflammatory back arthritis. Current smokers responded significantly less well to treatment and achieved smaller reductions in disease activity scores compared to non-smokers.
A study published in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology reveals a key signaling pathway that helps protect healthy tissue from excessive immune activation. This finding may lead to improved treatment options for patients with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Researchers found that vaccines eliciting only CD4 T cell responses led to an overwhelming inflammatory reaction in mice, while those with both CD4 and CD8 responses were protected. This study cautions against developing vaccines that solely target one arm of the immune system.
Researchers found that trophoblasts respond to inflammatory danger signals and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting a potential role in pregnancy disorders such as preeclampsia. The study aims to understand the underlying inflammation associated with pre-eclamptic pregnancies.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have developed a new method to suppress inflammation in kidney dialysis patients. By administering a small molecule version of compstatin, they were able to completely suppress the complement immune response and reduce inflammatory biomarkers.
Researchers at UCSF discovered that immune cells in brain respond to fat in diet by causing mice to consume more food. The study found that a population explosion of microglia, a type of immune cell, in the hypothalamus region drives increased food intake.
Researchers discovered that estrogen-producing glial cells play a crucial role in controlling inflammation within hours of brain injury, potentially leading to new therapies. This rapid response could help preserve vital brain function and hasten recovery from brain injuries such as stroke.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that tumor-associated neutrophils stimulate T cell responses in early-stage human lung cancer. These cells produce molecules promoting inflammation, and their role is crucial for bolstering anti-tumor immune responses.
Researchers discovered that lamin-B protein plays a key role in suppressing immune responses in aging fruit flies, leading to chronic inflammation and gut hyperplasia. The findings have implications for understanding age-related immunosenescence in humans.
A recent study published in The Journal of Experimental Medicine found that obesity can lead to lethal inflammation in response to certain anti-cancer therapies. This suggests that preclinical studies on young mice may not accurately predict outcomes in older patients, who are more likely to be overweight and develop cancer.
New research suggests that long non-coding RNAs play a crucial role in regulating the human immune system's response to infection. The study reveals how these molecules can promote, fine-tune, and restrain the body's inflammatory response by controlling gene expression.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital identified a link between BET bromodomain-containing proteins and atherosclerosis. By inhibiting these proteins, they found significant decreases in inflammation and atherosclerosis in pre-clinical models.
A new study suggests that an autoimmune response may contribute to the development of high blood pressure. Using mouse models, researchers found that compounds stimulating hypertension led to the faulty production of modified proteins in dendritic cells, triggering an immune response.
Gut inflammation breaks down intestinal lining due to HIV viral invasion, but Lactobacillus plantarum helps protect barrier.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a handful of bacteria that may drive inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The study found a correlation between high levels of an antibody coating on the surface of these bacteria and inflammatory responses in the human intestine.
A UCSF-led team found that children with repeated malaria exposure experience fewer clinical symptoms, but also have reduced immune responses. This depletion of gamma delta T cells may be beneficial in some ways, but detrimental in others, allowing the disease to spread.
Researchers discovered that innate lymphoid cells become activated during inflammation, inducing specific T and B cell responses. These findings open up new avenues for treating infection and chronic inflammation.
The collaboration aims to understand the underlying genetics of IBD and potentially lead to new treatments. All study participants will receive 23andMe's Personal Genome Service at no cost.
Exercise has been shown to transiently suppress local and systemic inflammation in rheumatic disease, with benefits seen in the regulation of NF-kB activation and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Regular exercise is necessary to achieve clinical efficacy and reduce the burden of rheumatic diseases.
Resveratrol has been found to control the body's inflammatory response by binding to the estrogen receptor without stimulating cell proliferation. This study reveals a new pathway for resveratrol's beneficial effects in aging, inflammation, and metabolism.
The Milieu Interieur Project characterizes healthy human immune responses using TruCulture technology, a proprietary blood collection system. The study reveals unique patterns of immune responses to complex stimuli, shedding light on genetic and environmental causes of immune variations.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital identified an immune signature that predicts poor flu outcomes in patients, who are more likely to develop severe symptoms and suffer from complications. The findings also explain why infants and toddlers are at elevated risk for flu-related issues.
Fetal mice exposed to maternal immune system inflammation show signs of brain damage lasting into adulthood, raising questions about sex-based mechanisms. Researchers suggest that chronic inflammation may play a role in inhibiting proper brain development, potentially explaining why more males have diseases like autism and schizophrenia.
Scientists at Sanford-Burnham have identified the B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator (BTLA) inhibitory receptor as a key factor in limiting inflammatory responses, particularly in the skin. The study provides clarity on how T cells get fired up to protect against pathogens, and then cool down to restore immune homeostasis.
Researchers at The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research identified the cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) as a key player in triggering inflammation during hemorrhagic shock and sepsis. Blocking CIRP activity may improve patient survival rates, according to preclinical studies.
The study analyzed patients with prior organ transplants and found that their outcomes after traumatic injury are not worse than those of non-transplanted patients. Transplanted organs were rarely injured in traumatic events, and immunosuppression may have played a role in protecting organs from inflammation.
A specific form of vitamin E supplement can accelerate heart health benefits after quitting smoking. Smokers who took the gamma-tocopherol form showed a 19% greater drop in cardiovascular disease risk and improved vascular function.
A recent study published in Cell Reports reveals that obesity is linked to autoimmune disease, but researchers have found a potential solution. Blocking the AIM molecule may prevent autoantibody production and related autoimmune responses.
Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem discovered that TNF-a plays a critical role in inducing immune suppression during chronic inflammation. They found that TNF-a directly affects myeloid-derived suppressor cells, leading to impaired host immune responses.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky found that p38beta MAPK has no effect on brain-cell cultures or mouse brains in terms of inflammation and neurotoxicity. This suggests that development of p38-inhibitor drugs may focus on targeting p38alpha instead of retaining p38beta inhibitory activity.
Studies show that mouse models do not reflect the human genomic response to inflammatory injury, including major burns and trauma. Despite similar responses among humans, mouse models exhibit limited correlation with gene expression changes.