Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
Researchers are developing a multi-organ model on a chip to study the complex interactions between organs, hormones, and cells in diabetes and dementia. The GlucoBrain project aims to understand how signals move between the brain, gut, and pancreas, potentially leading to new treatments for millions affected by these diseases.
Researchers have identified potential mechanisms linked to reduced type 2 diabetes risk in chronic cannabis users. A team led by Nicholas V. DiPatrizio found that specific compounds within cannabis regulate metabolism, leading to significant weight loss and improved glucose regulation in obese mice.
A new international study found that genetic variations in the PAM gene can reduce the effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor medications, such as Ozempic. Researchers discovered that 44% of people with these genetic variants experienced reduced glucose lowering properties, and only 11% achieved recommended glucose levels.
Researchers at Kyoto University discovered that ATF6α plays a critical role in enabling the survival and proliferation of beta cells under sustained stress, leading to impaired beta cell mass expansion. The study highlights the potential for developing new therapeutic strategies to preserve and restore beta cell mass in diabetes.
A $10 million grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences will support research on PFAS health effects and translate discoveries into real-world solutions. The study aims to identify links between PFAS exposure and metabolic conditions, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.
A new review found that GLP-1 weight-loss drugs significantly reduced the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and premature death. The treatment also lowered rates of non-fatal heart attacks, hospital admissions for heart failure, and deaths from any cause.
A new approach for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes has been developed using a hybrid molecule that targets specific cells. The treatment combines the well-known GLP-1/GIP signalling pathway with an additional metabolic modulator, delivering improved blood-glucose values and weight loss.
Researchers mapped epigenome changes in cells that regulate blood sugar levels, finding patterns differ between people with and without type 2 diabetes. Epigenetic alterations impact insulin-producing beta cells, leading to impaired energy production and reduced insulin release.
The European Society of Endocrinology organizes World Hormone Day to educate the public about hormone-related health issues. Global endocrine disorders affect millions worldwide, emphasizing the need for proper hormone balance.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects approximately 32% of the US adult population. Obesity was identified as the strongest independent MRF among Asians, Whites, and Hispanics, particularly in individuals younger than 50 years, whereas hypertension was the strongest independent MRF in Blacks.
A major clinical trial found that real-time continuous glucose monitoring significantly improves blood glucose management in adults with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin. Participants using CGM showed greater reductions in HbA1c levels compared to traditional finger prick glucose monitoring.
A study of 3,000 Punjabi Sikhs identified new molecular pathways contributing to cardiovascular disease, including a link between lipid metabolites and immune cell signaling. These findings offer insights into diverse molecular origins of cardiometabolic disease and potential pathways for designing innovative therapies.
A ketogenic diet has been shown to improve beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes by decreasing proinsulin secretion and reducing pancreas stress. This improvement is associated with changes in the proinsulin-C-peptide ratio, a biomarker of pancreas stress.
A recent study from The Jackson Laboratory has identified dozens of unexpected genes strongly linked to type 2 diabetes. These genes are key to cell death and vitamin A metabolism, suggesting the disease depends on expression changes that can be targeted for treatment.
A massive genetic study has uncovered six new genes linked to pregnancy sickness, hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), in over 10,000 women. The findings point to biological mechanisms behind HG and potential new treatment pathways, with several medications identified as potential targets.
A study of over 600,000 people found that early weight gain is associated with a higher risk of dying from various diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Weight gain during adulthood also increases the risk of premature death, especially for those who develop obesity at a younger age.
A new study by Stanford Medicine scientists has identified a genetic variant that causes resistance to GLP-1 diabetes drugs in up to 10% of the population. The variant affects an enzyme called PAM, which handicaps the hormone's biological activity, leading to increased levels but reduced effectiveness.
A new study uses an AI model to predict type 2 diabetes risk based on behavioral and psychosocial information. The digital twin model found that loneliness, insomnia, and poor mental health substantially raise a person's future risk of developing the disease.
Research published in Ethnicity & Disease found that self-employed Hispanic women report less high blood pressure, obesity, and poor health compared to their salaried counterparts. They were also more likely to exercise, with a nearly 11% higher rate of physical activity.
A $35 monthly insulin out-of-pocket cap is associated with significantly lower insulin costs, increased access to insulin, and decreased blood glucose levels among Medicare beneficiaries. This finding suggests that federal cost-sharing policies could improve access to essential medications in diabetes.
A preclinical study found that short-term high-fat diet exposure rapidly depletes critical gut immune cells called ILC3s, leading to intestinal permeability and inflammation. The loss of these cells compromises intestinal barrier function and may contribute to chronic diseases linked to inflammation.
A new study found that adults with obstructive sleep apnea have a 71% higher risk of cardiovascular events or death from any cause compared to those without the condition. People with OSA also experience higher rates of obesity, diabetes, osteoarthritis, anxiety, and depression.
A lower semaglutide price could generate savings that offset the cost of treating an additional 550,000 to 3.6 million Medicare beneficiaries eligible for expanded obesity-indication coverage. This voluntary price agreement may lead to substantial savings for Medicare spending on semaglutide treatment.
A team from SickKids discovered a therapeutic target in fat tissue that improves cellular function and reduces inflammation. Low-dose homoharringtonine treatment selectively eliminates senescent cells, improving metabolic problems and preserving lean mass.
Researchers found a clear connection between oral health and kidney health, with immune dysregulation and systemic inflammation driving the relationship. The study highlights the need for physicians to integrate oral and renal health into clinical care systems.
A study by IBEC reveals how thousands of amylin mutations influence its tendency to form toxic aggregates in the pancreas, linked to type 2 diabetes. The researchers created a mutational map using deep mutational scanning, identifying variations that promote or hinder amyloid formation.
Researchers found that adults with type 2 diabetes who switched from dulaglutide to tirzepatide reported improved emotional responses and a greater quality of life. The study suggests that tirzepatide may offer broader benefits beyond glucose control, improving patients' physical and emotional well-being.
A review highlights the importance of healthy lifestyles in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Adhering to optimal lifestyle factors, such as a heart-healthy diet, regular physical activity, and adequate sleep, can dramatically lower disease incidence.
The Endocrine Society supports the INSULIN Act to address insulin affordability, setting a $35 monthly cap for people with private insurance and creating a program for uninsured individuals. The bill aims to reduce insulin prices by encouraging competition in the market.
A recent study found that people with a high genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes are increasingly developing the disease, possibly due to societal changes such as easy access to unhealthy foods and sedentary leisure activities. In contrast, individuals with low genetic risk remained protected throughout the study period.
A new algorithm paired with a continuous glucose monitor can help users better manage their type 2 diabetes by recommending insulin-dose adjustments. Participants who used the algorithm saw significant improvements in time spent in a safe blood-sugar range.
A new study published in JAMA Pediatrics finds that children with obesity but without metabolic complications still face a significantly increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and abnormal blood lipid levels later in life. Treatment can greatly benefit these children, reducing the risk of future diseases.
Children with metabolically healthy obesity at treatment initiation have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Reduction in BMI z score is associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk, suggesting treatment should be recommended for these children as well.
A study found that inflammation markers may signal depression in women with type 2 diabetes, but vary based on depression symptoms and measures. The research suggests a path toward precision mental health by identifying specific inflammatory biomarkers linked to different dimensions of mental health.
Researchers developed a comprehensive genetic risk calculator for metabolic disease by integrating genetic data from hundreds of thousands of people worldwide. The polygenic risk score outperformed existing disease-prediction models and predicted downstream morbidity and clinical interventions, particularly in non-European populations.
A Cleveland Clinic analysis of nearly 8,000 patients found that discontinuing semaglutide and tirzepatide does not lead to significant weight regain in clinical practice. Many patients successfully stabilized their weight after one year through alternative treatments and therapeutic lifestyle interventions.
A $3.4 million NIH grant will fund a semi-automated feedback system to support people tracking diet, exercise, and weight in weight-management programs. The system aims to provide personalized feedback to increase tracking and weight loss success.
PsyMetRiC, a new web-based risk prediction tool, forecasts cardiometabolic disorders in young people with psychosis. The algorithm predicts significant weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes within specific time frames, enabling meaningful discussions and interventions.
Patients with type 2 diabetes and brain metastases who used GLP-1 receptor agonists showed a significant reduction in all-cause mortality. The use of these medications was associated with reduced neuroinflammation, preservation of the blood-brain barrier, and lowered oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Researchers mapped GLP-1 expression in 25 brain regions in each sex, uncovering striking differences in key circuits. The atlas reveals sex-biased expression in certain medullary nuclei, with higher Glp1 densities and numbers of Glp1-expressing neurons in females compared to males.
Analysis of unintended side effect reports reveals that Wegovy carries the highest risk of 'eye stroke' and sudden sight loss among semaglutide drugs, with odds nearly 5 times higher than Ozempic. The risk is particularly pronounced in men, with a signal nearly 3 times higher than in women.
Women with cardiometabolic risk factors such as type 2 diabetes and high waist circumference face a higher risk of liver fibrosis, with rates increasing 11-fold and 2.8-fold compared to men. The study highlights the importance of managing these risk factors for liver health beyond heart disease prevention.
A novel plant-based approach uses lettuce chloroplasts to produce functional GLP-1 peptides, paving the way for more affordable and better-tolerated oral medications. This method bypasses hurdles such as manufacturing cost, delivery system, and side effects associated with conventional approaches.
A large US study published in The BMJ found that GLP-1 receptor agonists used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity may also help lower the risk of addiction to various substances. The study associated GLP-1 receptor agonists with reduced risks of adverse outcomes such as overdoses and drug-related emergency department visits and deaths...
Researchers found that GLP-1 medications are effective at reducing the risk of developing substance use disorders across all major addictive substances, including a 14% reduced risk for developing any substance use disorder. The study also showed significant reductions in severe harm, including overdose and death, among patients with p...
A Pennington Biomedical researcher published an editorial on the benefits of fruit intake for vascular health, citing a study on increasing fruit intake with avocados and mangos. The findings suggest that diets rich in fruits can improve nutrient status and health outcomes, aligning with the goals of the Food Is Medicine initiative.
A large observational study found that sleeping 7 hours and 18 minutes per night may help prevent insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, weekend catch-up sleep can increase the risk of impaired glucose metabolism in those who sleep beyond this threshold every night.
Researchers found that individuals with type 2 diabetes who used GLP-1 receptor agonists in combination with healthy lifestyle habits had a substantially lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. Lifestyle habits that reduced cardiovascular risk included healthy eating, regular physical activity, and good stress management.
A survey of 1,998 US adolescents aged 10-19 found nearly 1 in 3 have diabetes or prediabetes. Waist-to-height ratio emerged as the strongest independent predictor of these conditions.
A new study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the Department of Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System found that using GLP-1 receptor agonists in combination with adhering to healthy lifestyle habits significantly reduces cardiovascular risk among individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study showed that these two stra...
A new study found that adding one avocado and a cup of mango to daily meals and snacks for eight weeks improved vascular function among adults with prediabetes, while also reducing diastolic blood pressure. The Avocado-Mango diet showed significant increases in flow-mediated dilation and nutrient-dense nutrients without changes in calo...
The ESE and ESPE have launched a landmark Joint Clinical Practice Guidance to support structured and effective transition of young people with endocrine conditions. The Guidance provides practical, evidence-based recommendations to ensure continuity, safety and quality of care during this critical phase in a patient's life.
Syzygium jambolanum extracts demonstrate significant protective and antidiabetic effects, improving glycaemic control and metabolic health. The study reveals a systemic protective effect beyond glucose lowering alone.