Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
Research reveals that Type 2 diabetes affects brain function in older women, leading to sensory and motor deficits. A unique fNIRS technique detects decreased oxygenated blood use in the brain, suggesting underlying mechanisms such as muscle changes and cortical dysfunction.
A new study confirms insomnia as a novel risk factor for type 2 diabetes, with individuals experiencing a 17% higher likelihood of developing the condition. The research also identifies 15 protective factors, including increased total cholesterol and testosterone levels, which can help inform public health policies to prevent the disease.
A novel 'disease-in-a-dish' model has been developed to study the basic molecular factors leading to type 2 diabetes. The model, using reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls, reveals defects in proteins with unknown roles in metabolism or diabetes.
A world-first study found that an engineered form of the SMOC1 protein can decrease blood glucose levels and improve metabolic health in people with type 2 diabetes. This breakthrough discovery has the potential to create a new class of treatments for the condition.
Research shows handgrip strength can predict type 2 diabetes risk by 50% per unit increase, with implications for prevention strategies. The finding is marked in women and could be used to identify individuals at high risk.
The DAPA-CKD trial found that dapagliflozin reduced the risk of worsening kidney function, death from kidney disease, or hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease. The study also showed a significant reduction in all-cause mortality.
Two randomized controlled studies demonstrate that SGLT2 inhibitors can slow CKD progression across all patient groups, not just those with diabetes. The DAPA-CKD trial found a significant reduction in kidney function decline and end-stage disease with dapagliflozin treatment.
A new study published at ESC Congress 2020 suggests that body mass index (BMI) is a more powerful risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes than genetic predisposition. Researchers found that individuals with a higher BMI were more likely to develop diabetes, regardless of their genetic risk level.
Patients with type 2 diabetes experience significant reductions in heart attack risk and mortality when starting medications to prevent cardiovascular disease. The study found that the risk was reduced by 61% for heart attacks and 41% for death over a 15-year period.
A genetic variant of the DUSP8 gene impairs brain response to insulin, leading to increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Research reveals protein Dusp8's regulatory effects on hypothalamic insulin sensitivity and inflammatory processes.
Elevated NT-proBNP levels are associated with a reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes, especially in women. However, those who develop diabetes with elevated NT-proBNP have a higher risk of macro- and microvascular complications such as heart attack, stroke, or severe damage to eyes, kidneys, or nerves.
Researchers at UCSF have developed a smartphone-based digital biomarker to detect Type 2 diabetes, providing a potential in-home alternative to blood draws and clinic-based screening tools. The algorithm correctly identified the presence of diabetes in up to 81% of patients, offering a promising solution for widespread disease screening.
Researchers at Lund University found that a strict six-week low-calorie diet had the greatest positive effect on health markers after bariatric surgery. The operation itself caused minor changes, and most effects disappeared after six weeks.
A new vaccine candidate BCG::RD1 has shown highly protective effects against tuberculosis in older mice with type 2 diabetes. The vaccine acts on multiple immune cell subsets to mount a robust response against TB-causing bacteria.
A recent analysis found that adults with rheumatoid arthritis had a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to other individuals. The study, published in Arthritis Care & Research, used a US commercial insurance database and included over 449,000 people.
A new drug candidate, SRI-37330, has been discovered to improve four detrimental characteristics of diabetes: high blood sugar, glucagon elevation, excessive glucose production by the liver, and fatty liver. The compound is non-toxic, orally bioavailable, and highly effective in human islets and mouse models.
A new study published by The Endocrine Society found that cinnamon supplementation lowered abnormal fasting glucose levels and improved response to eating carbohydrates. Cinnamon was well-tolerated without adverse effects.
Research reveals that both too little and too much sleep can lead to increased mortality rates, with the effect being more pronounced in people with type 2 diabetes. Sleep duration is linked to various cause-specific mortality rates, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and stroke.
Researchers found severely limited exercise capacity in adults with type 2 diabetes, increasing risk of heart failure. Subtle impairments in blood flow and heart function were detected using advanced imaging techniques.
A new study published in Psychoneuroendocrinology documents a clear link between stress hormone cortisol and higher blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. The research suggests that sustained cortisol levels make it difficult to control blood sugar and manage the disease.
Researchers have found that an individual's gut microbiota can predict and treat type 2 diabetes, with altered gut bacteria linked to reduced butyrate production. The study suggests potential for personalized dietary changes or probiotics to prevent or treat the disease.
Researchers found that Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide modulates the gut microbiota and improves metabolic pathways, leading to a reduction in serum glucose levels and alleviating type 2 diabetes symptoms. The study provides new insights into the use of dietary polysaccharides for preventing or intervening in T2DM.
Two studies by European and US researchers found that higher consumption of these foods is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Increasing fruit and vegetable intake by 66 grams per day was linked to a 25% lower risk, while whole grain consumption was also significantly related to reduced disease risk.
A study in Journal of Biological Chemistry describes a new way to determine the age of insulin-storage parcels and sheds light on how their age affects their release into the bloodstream. This finding could help experts better understand diabetes and fine-tune therapies for it.
Researchers found that certain gut bacteria not following a day-night rhythm can serve as an indicator for potential type 2 diabetes. Mathematical models also suggest this microbial risk signature helps in diagnosing diabetes, improving diagnosis and outlook of the disease.
The new guidelines emphasize the importance of early identification and management of T2D in Indigenous communities, where it is most prevalent. The guidelines recommend tighter diabetes control, transitioning adolescents to multidisciplinary care teams, and exploring newer medications for treatment.
A new study published in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes journal found that people with newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes who develop heart failure have the highest 5-year risk of death, three times higher than those without heart or kidney disease. Researchers also identified patients with cardiovascular or kidney disea...
A new study found that early signs of type 2 diabetes can be detected in children as young as 8 years old through metabolic changes measured by blood samples. The research identified subtle differences in metabolism among participants who were more genetically prone to developing the disease later in life.
Research suggests that a high amount of hip and leg fat mass is crucial to maintain metabolic health. Studies show that low visceral fat and high lower body fat may be equally important for retaining cardiometabolic health.
A new genetic risk score has been found to be effective in diagnosing type 1 diabetes in Indians, even in its current form based on European data. Genetic differences between Indian and European populations suggest that the test could be further improved to enhance outcomes.
Research by the University of Sheffield reveals people with diabetes are at a greater risk of bone fractures, especially hip fractures. Severity and length of time living with the condition also increase this risk.
A large analysis of over 200,000 people found that high-quality carbohydrates like whole grains are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Researchers also discovered that replacing low-quality carbohydrates with saturated fats is linked to a reduced risk of developing the condition.
Scientists have mapped proinsulin's vast network of interacting proteins, revealing a key player in proper folding and insulin production. Boosting PRDX4 levels may offer a novel therapeutic approach to improving type 2 diabetes treatment.
A new blood test can identify women at risk of developing type 2 diabetes up to 10 years after delivery, allowing for potential interventions such as diet and exercise. The test uses metabolic markers that are present in the blood of women who have had gestational diabetes.
A new study published in Diabetologia found that women who experience more pregnancy losses are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study analyzed data from over 247,000 women and found that each additional pregnancy loss increased the risk by 18-71%. Women with no previous pregnancies also had a significantly higher risk.
Researchers found that combining rosiglitazone, a popular but abandoned diabetes treatment, with another drug called Compound A can enhance its effectiveness while reducing side effects such as weight gain and fluid retention. The study suggests that using lower doses of rosiglitazone may be sufficient to achieve similar results.
Two studies from University of Otago researchers found that a higher fibre intake can reduce premature mortality by 35% in adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. However, food processing may dilute the health benefits of whole grains, leading to increased blood glucose levels and weight.
Research finds that people with Type 2 diabetes experience worse cognitive performance after a stroke compared to those without the condition. However, prediabetes is not associated with similar cognitive decline, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
A CNIO-led European study has confirmed that diabetes type 3c is an early manifestation of pancreatic cancer, allowing for earlier diagnosis and treatment. The study found that pancreatic cancer is the cause of the development of diabetes type 3c in 26% of cases.
Experts recommend prioritizing surgical treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes or severe obesity due to the risk of complications from their disease and COVID-19. Bariatric and metabolic surgery can lead to significant weight loss, reduced cardiovascular risk, and improved survival.
A large-scale genome-wide study has identified 301 distinct genetic signals associated with type 2 diabetes in East Asians. The research highlights the importance of studying different ancestries and expands the number of genetic variants linked to the disease, providing new insights into its pathophysiology.
A study published by The BMJ found that childhood body size is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes in later life. However, a larger early life body size may help protect women against breast cancer. The study suggests that maintaining a normal body mass index (BMI) in adulthood can reduce th...
Researchers evaluated teens with normal weight and those with obesity, type 2 diabetes or high blood pressure to assess carotid artery health. Teens with these conditions were found to have thicker and stiffer arteries, increasing the risk of early heart attacks and strokes.
A large-scale study has identified 301 distinct genetic links to type 2 diabetes among 433,540 East Asian individuals. The findings provide insight into the biological basis of the chronic metabolic disorder and highlight the importance of studying different ancestries.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen suggests that transplanted intestinal contents could be effective against obesity and type 2 diabetes. Researchers found that obese mice with unhealthy lifestyles gained significantly less weight and avoided type 2 diabetes when they received viruses transplanted from the stool of lean mice.
A 20-year study by the Endocrine Society found that cardiovascular complications among individuals with diabetes have declined. Meanwhile, mortality rates remain higher than those in the general population, highlighting ongoing concerns about cancer and dementia risks for people with diabetes.
A study found that SGLT2 inhibitors reduce serious renal events in type 2 diabetes patients, with a 58% lower relative risk compared to DPP-4 inhibitors. The findings provide further support for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients at risk of kidney disease.
Researchers found that lixisenatide significantly reduced neuroinflammation in the retina and optic nerve head of mice with early type 2 diabetes. The study suggests a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing visual deterioration in diabetic retinopathy before its clinical manifestation.
Type 2 diabetes patients exhibit elevated glucagon levels due to α-cell resistance to insulin. Glucagon counteracts insulin's effects, exacerbating high blood sugar levels.
Research published in Diabetologia found that obesity increases type 2 diabetes risk by at least 6 times, even among those with low genetic risk. The study highlights the importance of weight management and healthy lifestyle in preventing type 2 diabetes across all genetic risk groups.
A study published by The Endocrine Society highlights shared disease pathways between COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes, requiring new approaches in treatment for hospitalized patients. Commonly used diabetes medications may pose risks in severe coronavirus infections.
This observational study examines postoperative death and hospital readmission among adults with type 2 diabetes who had a prescription for metformin before major surgery. The results suggest that preoperative metformin use is associated with improved surgical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.
A new study identifies consistent grip strength cut points relative to body weight, gender, and age group in a large nationally representative sample of participants. Researchers found that assessing normalized grip strength can routinely screen for type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy adults.
New research finds that SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists are similarly effective in reducing major cardiovascular events, such as heart attack and stroke. Hospitalization for heart failure is also reduced with SGLT2 inhibitors, especially in those with severe cardiovascular risk.
A new study finds that a wearable device called V-Go can safely deliver regular human insulin (RHI) to patients with type 2 diabetes, achieving good blood sugar control. The study, which compared RHI to rapid acting insulin (RAI) analogs, showed improvements in hemoglobin A1c levels and met its primary endpoint of noninferiority.
Patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent supervised exercise training showed significantly improved heart function and increased cardiovascular fitness compared to those on a low-energy diet. A low-energy diet, however, led to favourable effects on the structure of the heart and reversal of diabetes in 83% of participants.
The REVITA-2 study found that Revita DMR therapy significantly improved blood glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, and liver measures in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. The treatment, which involves duodenal mucosal resurfacing, reduced insulin resistance and improved metabolic health.
A study suggests that boys who enter puberty at an early age are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes as adults, with a 16% increased risk per year earlier puberty occurred. Early pubertal growth spurt was also associated with a higher risk of insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes.
Research found that individuals with type 2 diabetes who participate in online support groups have worse health outcomes and higher levels of disease-related complications. In contrast, users with type 1 diabetes did not show a significant correlation between forum participation and health outcomes.
The FAST algorithm is a collaborative diabetes management tool that empowers diabetic patients who fast with Ramadan-specific educational materials and encouragement of active self-monitoring. The tool showed significant reductions in hemoglobin A1c levels among participants.