Articles tagged with Infants
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Pandemic-exposed preschool children demonstrated improved problem-solving skills, fine motor abilities, and vocabulary at 2-5 years old compared to non-exposed peers. They also showed enhanced cognitive performance in visual memory and overall cognitive abilities.
Researchers developed soft, miniaturized wearables that continuously track subtle body sounds wirelessly across the body. The devices offer new functionalities and provide highly accurate, real-time evaluation of patient health.
A meta-analysis of 57 studies found that prenatal cannabis exposure is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery, low birth weight, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. However, it does not appear to increase the risk of birth defects or death within one year.
Research suggests delaying cord clamping by two minutes can significantly reduce mortality rates among premature babies. This allows blood to flow from the placenta, easing breathing transitions and potentially saving lives.
Two systematic reviews and meta-analyses found that delaying umbilical cord clamping by at least two minutes can reduce the risk of death in premature babies. The studies included over 10,000 babies from 60 studies and showed a significant reduction in mortality rates for deferred clamping compared to immediate clamping.
A team led by WPI researcher Ulkuhan Guler has received NIH funding to develop a wearable sensor for premature infants that can mitigate skin-color bias in oxygen level measurements. The four-year project aims to create a convenient and affordable sensor that will enable infants at risk of lung disease to leave hospitals sooner.
Two COVID-19 studies on Singapore mothers and children found vaccination during pregnancy reduces newborn infection risk by up to 44.4%. Vaccination also showed potential protection against Long COVID in children under 18, with males more likely to experience symptoms.
The study found an increase in breastfeeding initiation and duration among US children from 1999 to 2018. Higher rates of breastfeeding were observed among male infants, older mothers, Mexican American participants, and households with higher incomes.
An mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination before vs. during pregnancy and omicron infection among infants study found that maternal vaccination during the antenatal period was associated with a lower risk of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants up to six months of age.
A recent study suggests that umbilical cord milking is a safe procedure for preterm infants born after 28 weeks, reducing delay and risk of bleeding. The technique involves gently squeezing the cord to push blood into the newborn's abdomen, allowing for faster response times for infants in need of respiratory support.
Two cases report flaxseed as an allergen causing severe reactions, including facial rashes and contact dermatitis. Flaxseed is increasingly used in baked goods, cereals, and oil paints, highlighting the need for awareness about its potential to trigger allergic reactions.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin discovered that autism-induced maternal immune response alters brain development and prevents infantile amnesia. Memories formed during infancy can be permanently reinstated through light-activated neural pathways in adults.
Researchers have developed a novel noninvasive method to assess nutrient absorption and diagnose feeding intolerance severity in preterm infants. The precision exfoliomic approach captures gene expression information from intestinal cells released into the fecal stream, allowing for precise diagnosis without invasive testing.
A Northwestern Medicine study found that postpartum individuals living in states with generous mandated paid family and medical leave are more likely to breastfeed and less likely to experience postpartum depression symptoms. Lower-income populations covered by Medicaid saw the greatest benefits, with a 32% greater likelihood of breast...
A University of Missouri study found that opioid-dependent mothers experience stigma, leading to withdrawal from healthcare and negative outcomes for their infants. The research highlights the need for compassionate support and education to promote better health outcomes.
A national-level study found that the median UVC dwell time was 7 days, and CLABSI incidence did not differ significantly between 0-7 days and 7-15 days. The study also highlighted high rates of antibiotic exposure without reduction in CLABSI rates, emphasizing the need for nuanced approaches to antibiotic administration.
The Perinatal LAW Project, a medical-legal partnership, helps pregnant and postpartum patients tackle unmet legal needs, such as housing and financial insecurity. By integrating lawyers into care teams, healthcare providers can better support patients' health-harming legal issues, leading to improved birth outcomes.
Research from the University of East Anglia found that children who are too short for their age can suffer reduced cognitive ability due to differences in brain function as early as six months. The study discovered a link between stunted growth and disrupted visual working memory, making them more easily distracted.
Children diagnosed with ADHD at a young age are just as likely to retain the diagnosis in adulthood as their older peers, according to a new study. The research, which examined data from over 6,500 patients globally, suggests that the youngest children in class are not more likely to lose the diagnosis over time.
A new study found that Zika virus infection during pregnancy slows fetal growth and affects how infants interact with their mothers in the first month of life. The study also suggests that reducing viral load may be beneficial for infant development.
Researchers have identified a group of babies born to mothers who used fentanyl during pregnancy with similar facial and musculoskeletal abnormalities. The study suggests the emergence of a novel syndrome, which may be caused by fentanyl exposure or another contaminant.
A new study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that infants born to mothers who received an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy had lower risks of severe health outcomes, neonatal death, and NICU admission. The study also showed no increase in newborn and six-month readmissions to the NICU.
A study of 142,000 live births found that maternal mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was associated with reduced risks of severe neonatal morbidity, neonatal death, and intensive care unit admission. No increase in hospital admissions or readmissions up to age six months was observed.
A study of popular blogs found that half of the most influential bloggers on this topic had no medical credentials. The research highlights the need for pediatricians and nutritionists to provide accurate nutritional recommendations regarding dairy milk alternatives.
The American Academy of Pediatrics reviews toddler 'formulas', finding they lack standard composition and nutrition requirements. The organization recommends a varied diet with fortified foods for toddlers, with no nutritional advantage over human milk or cow's milk.
Researchers identified a gut-lung axis driven by intestinal antimicrobial peptide expression and mediated by the intestinal microbiota that influences hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Supplemental lysozyme reduced lung injury in neonatal mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
Research at Aston University identified four eating behavior patterns in children: 'avid', 'happy', 'typical', and 'fussy'. Children with 'avid' eating behaviors are more likely to be overweight or obese, while caregivers' feeding practices vary significantly across the four categories. The study aims to provide tailored advice for par...
The American Academy of Pediatrics hosted its 2023 National Conference & Exhibition in Washington, D.C., presenting original research on topics such as the national opioid crisis, obesity prevention, and mental health challenges. The AAP also released two new policy statements: one proposing bold reforms in Medicaid and CHIP, and anoth...
A study of over 13 million US infants found maternal Medicaid insurance associated with higher infant mortality rates. Novel strategies are needed to improve outcomes among women and infants enrolled in Medicaid.
A study published in Trends in Cognitive Science found that infants are capable of conscious experiences from birth, which can shape their sense of self and understanding of the environment. This breakthrough has important implications for clinical, ethical, and legal aspects of infant care and development.
Researchers discovered that young children's immune systems produce fewer and more stable antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, which may explain why they rarely develop severe cases of the virus. This unique response is characterized by narrow-spectrum antibodies effective against the original variant but less protective against other variants.
Researchers aim to understand factors contributing to inadequate milk supply and its effects on infants. They will collect breast milk and fecal samples, as well as questionnaires at 8 months and 1 year to identify potential interventions.
A substantial burden of RSV-associated hospitalizations was found in Canadian pediatric hospitals, especially among infants under six months. The study suggests that preventive strategies for these young infants could lead to decreased RSV disease burden in children.
A study by Swansea University found that 85% of powdered infant formula preparation machines failed to reach a temperature of at least 70°C, a crucial step in killing bacteria. The researchers recommend stronger consumer protections and updated labelling requirements for infant formula preparation devices.
A new clinical trial has found that administering metformin to pregnant women with gestational diabetes does not increase adverse neonatal outcomes or maternal health risks. The study provides hope for expectant mothers and healthcare providers seeking a safe alternative to traditional insulin-based treatments.
A new study published in Diabetologia found that breastfeeding for six months or longer is associated with lower levels of body fat at the age of nine. Infants who were not given soda before 18 months also had a lower fat mass at this age. The study suggests that infant feeding patterns, including breastfeeding duration and early intro...
Research finds that immune cells in older adults are similar to those in newborns and children, but less effective at recognizing infected cells. The study, published in Nature Immunology, suggests that tailored vaccines and therapies could be developed for different age groups based on the unique characteristics of killer T cells.
A new Michigan State University and Corewell Health research found that in-home prenatal services can significantly reduce the risk of premature births and infant deaths. Pregnant individuals receiving enhanced prenatal care saw a 57% reduced risk, while expectant Black mothers experienced an even greater reduction.
A new type of bone-forming stem cell, DDR2+, has been found to cause premature skull fusion in infants. The researchers discovered that the abnormal proliferation of this stem cell leads to an excess of bone-making cells, resulting in craniosynostosis.
A groundbreaking study by Florida Atlantic University reveals that agency emerges from the coupled relation between humans and their environment. Infants are found to discover their causal powers and transition from spontaneous to intentional behavior at a critical level of coordination, marking an abrupt increase in movement rate.
The National Association of Neonatal Nurses (NANN) survey results suggest that over 90% of its members believe the organization should pursue racial equity work. The organization has received specific suggestions for a strategic plan, including prioritizing research initiatives, providing continuing education credits, and increasing di...
A new study found that infants less than one year old experienced the highest absolute and relative mortality during the Dutch Hunger Winter Famine. Diseases of the digestive system showed a tenfold mortality increase, with most deaths from enteritis, diarrhea, and intestinal ulcers.
Research found alterations in proteins that can affect autophagy, a self-eating process of damaged cells. Healthy newborns showed individual responses to prenatal exposure to air pollution, with some more vulnerable than others. The study aims to understand the impact on breathing problems during infancy and childhood.
Babies with more mature gut microbiota at one year old are less likely to develop allergy-related wheeze or asthma. The study, which followed 1074 babies from birth to four years old, found that increased maturity of the gut microbiota was associated with a lower risk of these conditions.
Researchers at Helmholtz Munich developed a non-invasive method using MR imaging to detect early signs of vascular disease associated with chronic pulmonary impairment in premature infants. The study presents a new tool for risk stratification and potential prevention of complications later in life.
A new study examines racial and socioeconomic differences in US preterm birth and mortality rates over 25 years. Despite improvements, disparities persist, with Black infants 1.4 times more likely to die from preterm birth than White and Hispanic infants.
Research finds that infants born during the pandemic have fewer types of bacteria in their gut compared to those born earlier. The study suggests that social changes caused by the pandemic may have influenced this change, with potential implications for infant health.
A study published in the Journal of Pediatrics found that feeding infants formula with a complex component of milk (MFGM) and lactoferrin for 12 months raised IQ by 5 points at 5 ½ years of age, improving speed of processing information and visual-spatial skills. The effects were seen long after the end of formula feeding.
A study published in mSystems found associations between the gut microbiome and eczema in infancy, with alterations in gut bacteria preceding eczema development. The research revealed changes in gut microbiota composition and diversity over the first 3 years of life, influenced by mode of delivery and feeding patterns.
Researchers found that playing a lullaby reduced pain levels in newborn infants undergoing a heel prick blood test. The study, published in Pediatric Research, suggests that recorded music may be an effective method of pain relief in newborns during minor procedures.
A new study found that increased paternal involvement in childcare is associated with lower risk of developmental delay and promotes young children's development by reducing maternal parenting stress. High levels of paternal engagement yield advantages for both children and mothers.
A study found that dogs are more sensitive to speech directed at them than adult-directed speech, with a greater response to female voices. The researchers measured dog brain activity via fMRI and found that the sensitivity was affected by voice pitch and variation.
A Texas A&M University team is exploring 3D printing to create tailored medication dosage and tablet size for young children, addressing the need for greater flexibility in administering medications. The project aims to maintain drugs' integrity and effectiveness while advancing the field of pharmaceutical manufacturing.
A historical analysis of Bern Maternity Hospital data showed a notable surge in low birth weight and stillbirth rates coinciding with the 1918 'Spanish flu' pandemic. Researchers found that mothers exposed to the pandemic had a higher risk of stillbirth, highlighting the potential impact of pandemics on infant health.
Researchers from four countries sequenced genomes of 100 infants with unexplained seizures to better understand the potential strengths of early genome sequencing for infantile epilepsy. The study found that 43% received a diagnosis within weeks, and this impacted prognosis in nearly 90% of cases.
Most infants admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for RSV infections were previously healthy and born at term. Preventative interventions targeting all infants can reduce the burden of severe RSV illness. New treatments such as palivizumab and nirsevimab are being considered.
Most U.S. infants requiring intensive care for RSV lower respiratory tract infections were young and healthy, born at term. RSV preventive measures targeting all infants are urgently needed to reduce severe illness burden.
A new study from the University of Illinois finds that stratified sampling is more effective at catching contaminants in infant formula than random sampling. The researchers used computer models to simulate testing finished formula and suggest ways to improve safety plans.
Researchers found that COVID-19 vaccination generates antibodies in pregnant people that cross the placenta and protect their newborns against severe COVID-19 disease. Booster doses also increase maternal and newborn immune defenses against COVID-19, supporting the use of vaccination during pregnancy.
A new malaria vaccine candidate has shown promising results in a cohort of Tanzanian infants, with substantial anti-RH5 immune responses achieved safely through vaccination. The vaccine targets the RH5 protein used by the malaria pathogen to invade red blood cells, providing a second line of defense against disease.