Researchers found that microplastics undergo aging in sewer environments, generating reactive oxygen species that restructure microbial communities and increase methanogenic activity. This transformation suppresses hydrogen sulfide production but significantly enhances greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers propose a new time-scaling methodology for superconducting single-flux-quantum (SFQ) circuits, enabling true gate-level 3D integration and compressing time paths. The dual-active-layer structure achieves up to 28.8% net timing compression in large-scale circuits.
Two studies found that mice take single sniffs to deliberately probe their environment, like humans. Humans process odors rapidly within a single sniff, mirroring rodent-like olfactory brain processing. These findings suggest fundamental biological rules behind smell processing have been preserved through evolution.
Atomically thin semiconductors have been scaled down to dimensions relevant for future microchips without losing performance, according to a new study. The breakthrough enables more powerful and energy-efficient computing technologies.
Heavy rainfall damages spider webs, influencing which species can survive in the environment. Researchers found that sheet-shaped cobwebs are more resistant to rain due to their high silk content.
A new pantropical carbon database synthesizes data from 146 studies to better understand the effects of forest degradation and regeneration on the global carbon cycle. The study reveals that degraded forests recover faster than fully cleared land, accumulating more above-ground carbon over time.
The CZone model reduces startup latency and memory footprint by 10% compared to existing approaches, while introducing negligible impact on system performance. The MCPV model optimizes memory hotplug technologies for serverless environments.
A joint research team from Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology and the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa has cultivated Japanese rice varieties on Kauaʻi using an upland cultivation method. The results showed that strong solar radiation and warm temperatures boosted yield, quality, and grain appearance.
Insilico Medicine is leveraging its end-to-end Pharma.AI platform to drive clinical validation in AI drug discovery, with a diversified pipeline featuring over 40 projects. The company has nominated 31 development candidates and achieved positive results in a Phase IIa clinical trial for Rentosertib, an AI-discovered TNIK inhibitor for...
NII and Indian Institute of Technology Bombay form a collaboration to advance the research and development of transparent and reliable large language models. BharatGen, an India-based AI initiative, contributes to building an open and inclusive AI ecosystem.
Scientists developed MOF micromotors with high water stability, fluorescence properties, and self-propulsion capabilities for efficient uranium extraction. The micromotors achieved outstanding performance in photocatalytic uranium extraction, with a uranium adsorption capacity of up to 406 mg/g.
Researchers propose a theoretical framework linking rubidium ion metabolic dysregulation to Parkinson's disease, highlighting the role of ionic homeostasis imbalance in neurodegeneration. Rubidium may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for early intervention.
A study found that Costa Daurada tourists are willing to use public transport in certain circumstances, offering a chance to promote sustainable mobility and boost destinations' competitiveness. The research also highlights the importance of coordinated mobility and tourism planning to improve tourist patterns.
A nationwide China study analyzed 695,142 hospitalized patients and identified eight life-stage pathogen profiles, three co-detection networks, and marked male predominance in bacterial and fungal infections. The study found distinct shifts in microbes across infancy to old age, accompanied by sex disparities.
Researchers found that the formation of escarpments and mountains in East Antarctica created high ground for snow and ice to accumulate. This led to the initial ice sheet formation 34 million years ago, allowing it to spread across the continent and eventually become the largest ice sheet on Earth.
Research found DBT availability at breast imaging facilities is similar between high- and low-deprivation areas, but facilities in low-deprivation areas offer more weekend appointments, which may impact access for traditionally underserved populations.
A team of researchers is calling for more ethical consideration in using genomic technologies to influence the environment and species. They recommend respecting Indigenous data sovereignty and ensuring access and benefit sharing.
A recent study published in Stem Cell Reports found that prenatal high fructose exposure impairs fetal brain stem cell function, leading to long-lasting effects on learning and memory. The researchers discovered distinct epigenetic changes in fetal neural stem cells that persisted into adulthood, affecting gene expression and adult neu...
Researchers at Nara Institute of Science and Technology developed a practical, non-genetically modified brewing yeast that produces over nine times higher intracellular ornithine levels than the original yeast. The improved yeast retained normal brewing performance, making it suitable for value-added fermentation.
A Phase I/II study showed high tumor shrinkage and substantial reductions in cancer DNA detected in the bloodstream. The treatment combination of zoldonrasib with chemotherapy improved patient outcomes, suggesting a potential breakthrough in personalized treatment for pancreatic cancer.
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Journal Center invites experts to participate in a 2026 survey on global engineering frontiers in energy and mining engineering. The survey aims to identify emerging trends and guide the development of industries. Participants can select up to three frontier topics within their area of specialization.
A USC interdisciplinary team has identified a promising pathway to turn off brain inflammation before it does its damage, increasing the risk of late-onset Alzheimer's. The Norman and Mary Pattiz Foundation funding will support research on novel drug discovery, early detection, and prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
A major international clinical trial found that dual mobility total hip replacements (DM-THR) significantly reduce complications in people with a broken hip. DM-THR was shown to be 70% less effective at causing dislocations, while also reducing overall complication rates and hospital stays.
A new study found that nearly 1 in 5 surgical patients experience postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), with females and those having a higher risk score being the strongest predictors. The study also showed that anti-nausea drugs given during surgery significantly reduce PONV rates.
A Norwegian Swedish clinical trial found that rituximab is comparable to ocrelizumab in newly diagnosed relapsing multiple sclerosis, offering a more affordable treatment option. The study's findings have major implications for healthcare sustainability and global treatment access.
Researchers propose a three-part evolutionary framework for using bacteriophages to control antimicrobial resistance. The phage-host evolutionary triad suggests that phages can sometimes stabilize resistant bacteria instead of eliminating them, depending on environmental factors.
Researchers propose a new approach to supporting children with neurodevelopmental conditions by considering the broader neurodevelopmental spectrum. The study identifies a common underlying dimension that reflects the constellation of traits characterizing these conditions across development.
Researchers developed an ultra-black coating to reduce light pollution from satellites, making their surfaces significantly fainter. The coating, Vantablack® 310, reflects only around two per cent of incoming light, reducing bright flashes produced by reflective satellite surfaces.
A new study published in The Lancet found that a dual-mobility total hip replacement (DM THR) can reduce the risk of complications, including joint dislocations, by up to 70%. This breakthrough implant design consists of a small ball encased in a larger plastic ball, providing better stability and reducing surgical complications.
Georgia Tech researchers Anuja Tripathi and her team have developed a method to extract rare earth elements from coal fly ash using a recyclable ionic liquid. The process can recover nearly half of the available neodymium, an REE used in high-strength permanent magnets, efficiently and cleanly.
A new study found that children of mothers with congenital heart disease face a higher risk of developmental vulnerability, including physical health and emotional maturity issues. The study, published in PLOS Medicine, analyzed over 250,000 Canadian children born to mothers with heart defects.
Researchers are developing programmable metasurfaces empowered by AI to create adaptive systems capable of sensing environmental changes and responding in real-time. These surfaces can reshape EM waves, allowing for flexible multidimensional control of EM waves.
Researchers have theoretically modelled Hawking radiation generation in a non-linear optical environment, identifying a simple direct mechanism. Experiments showed the radiation affects the system, opening up new ways to calculate effects and potentially shedding light on quantum gravity.
Researchers have developed vascular organoid patches that can regenerate microvessels in the heart, leading to improved heart function and reduced progression of coronary artery disease. The patches were shown to survive for several weeks and stimulate new microvessel formation, providing a potential treatment for ischemic heart disease.
A review of 60 studies found that existing assessments of nutrition recovery in people with eating disorders are inadequate and focused on the use of BMI or weight. The researchers emphasize the need for better ways to measure and communicate nutrition-related change to tailor treatment to individual needs.
Plant cells respond to heat stress by activating protection programs that ensure survival. The 'solar powerhouses' of plant cells, called chloroplasts, form 'fingers' to send signals to the central control, triggering gene activation or inhibition.
Researchers have delivered a comprehensive roadmap for deep learning-based face video restoration, offering a unified framework to understand and advance the rapidly evolving field. Dedicated face video restoration techniques can restore clarity, preserve identity, and maintain temporal smoothness across video frames.
A study by Murdoch University found that companies with aggressive tax avoidance strategies are more likely to use greenwashing as a way to manage their public image. This link was stronger for companies using 'defender' business strategies, which focus on efficiency and cost control.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a new measure for entropy that is more closely tied to the black hole's physical properties of spin and energy. This allows them to extend the first and second laws of thermodynamics to dynamic black holes, enabling better understanding of their processes.
A study published in Science reveals that vertebrates build their sensing brains using the same underlying logic, suggesting a set of organizational rules. Researchers observed that fish and humans share a similar arrangement of brain structures, despite their distinct evolutionary paths.
Researchers created a hafnium-based scintillator that significantly improves light output, reduces optical crosstalk, and delivers ultrahigh resolution in X-ray imaging. The material's low defect density and optimized structure enable high sensitivity and excellent radiation stability.
A study published in Journal of Experimental Biology found that strong sunburn causes 47% more DNA damage and lethal consequences in tadpoles. The research suggests that short intense UVB doses can be more lethal than longer weaker doses, increasing the risk of mortality on sunny days.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have created a technique to create precise 3D maps of electric and magnetic fields close to the surface of chips. This allows for better optimization and testing of chip materials for quantum applications.
A new research paper by Zulie PAN et al. analyzes existing studies on large language models (LLMs) for software defect detection, categorizing dynamic and static methods. The study proposes potential directions for future LLM-based defect detection, aiming to elevate industry standards and safeguard user experiences.
Researchers evaluate the effectiveness of tailored sleep interventions using wearable devices and telehealth coaching for older cancer survivors. The study aims to provide a more effective way to help cancer survivors improve their sleep with modifiable habits.
The University of Pittsburgh's DPT-PhD Bioengineering Program has been awarded a five-year NIH T32 training grant. The program, co-directed by Rakié Cham and Patrick Sparto, supports students in integrating physical therapy education with bioengineering research training.
A cross-sectional study of Medicare beneficiaries age 65 and older found friend caregivers to be an integral part of the caregiving network. They provide essential care without expecting compensation or reimbursement.
The article proposes a new framework to understand how digital media affects cognition, arguing that repeated exposure to effortless rewards can recalibrate our sense of effort. This shift may make difficult tasks feel less attractive, as the brain learns to expect faster returns.
A blood test may help identify which patients with colorectal cancer that has spread to the liver are most likely to benefit from chemotherapy after surgery. Patients with detectable circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) who received adjuvant chemotherapy had markedly better outcomes, including a 93% reduction in recurrence.
A team of researchers proposes a groundbreaking micro-phase-pinhole model for imaging through scattering media, revealing that random pinhole combinations spontaneously generate high-fidelity images. A novel feature fusion algorithm enhances imaging quality by accurately locking onto high-capacity phase pinhole channels.
A study by IBEC researchers found that dynamic protein usage, measured by endocytic turnover rate (ETOR), plays a critical role in blood–brain barrier function and is disrupted under inflammatory conditions. This discovery may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for restoring neurovascular health.
A recent study published in Clinical Nutrition found that intermittent fasting with an 8-hour window can help maintain weight loss over 12 months. The study showed that both early- and late-fasting regimens were effective in maintaining significant weight loss, with the early-fasting group losing more fat mass.
Researchers found that more ambiguous material situations require active exploration of objects using head movements and hand manipulations. Individual differences in these behaviors were linked to improved material discrimination accuracy.
Researchers developed an optimized energy management strategy for hybrid residential microgrids using Particle Swarm Optimization, reducing Net Present Cost by 12.01%, cost of energy by 16.09% and CO2 emissions by 17.65%. The study also found that battery storage had a strong impact on diesel fuel consumption and CO2 emissions
Researchers found that severe periodontitis was associated with reduced kidney function and increased albuminuria, even at early stages of chronic kidney disease. Systemic inflammation partially explained this relationship, but additional biological mechanisms are also likely involved.
A new study reveals that giant Dipterocarp trees can transport water to their topmost branches without difficulty, contrary to conventional scientific theory. The research found that these trees' hydraulic systems are perfectly adapted for their height, allowing them to withstand drought conditions.
Robert Wagner, associate laboratory director at ORNL, was recognized for his leadership in bridging disciplines to advance technologies in manufacturing, energy, and transportation. His work translates scientific research into practical solutions strengthening US competitiveness and security.
The University of Bath's Centre for Climate Adaptation & Environment Research has joined the STRIVE mission, a NASA Earth System Explorer project aiming to improve weather forecasting and climate modeling. The team will focus on understanding atmospheric waves and their impact on energy transport.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that prolonged sedentary behavior is associated with a higher risk of cancer mortality and incidence. Replacing one hour of prolonged sedentary behavior with light physical activity can lower the risk of cancer death by 12%.
A new peer-reviewed article explores how awe and sense of place may influence learners' engagement with geographic concepts, with implications for instructional design in online and classroom environments. The study suggests that place-based and visually grounded learning experiences can help students connect abstract concepts to real-...