Researchers developed a new class of cobalt-free Ni-based superalloys with high mechanical performance and good manufacturability. The alloys demonstrate mechanical properties comparable to Haynes 282 while avoiding cobalt, a strategically sensitive element.
NIK kinase's non-canonical NF-κB pathway is crucial for immune development and function, while its NF-κB-independent functions regulate cellular metabolism and mitochondrial health. Dysregulation of NIK is linked to various diseases, making it a promising therapeutic target.
Engineers at RMIT University developed a remote-controlled minibot to collect oil spills using a filtering system inspired by sea urchins. The 'Electronic Dolphin' can skim slicks and collect oil with high efficiency, offering a safer and more targeted way to respond to spills in sensitive environments.
A daily multivitamin may slow biological aging in older adults, with benefits seen in those with accelerated biological age. The study found slowing in all five epigenetic clocks, including those predictive of mortality, equating to about four months less biological aging over two years.
Cas Cremers and collaborators receive Levchin Prize for Real-World Cryptography for their work on the Tamarin Prover, an open-source analysis tool for cryptographic protocols, which has had a significant impact on the practice of cryptography and its use in real-world systems.
The dual-coil magnetic guidewire robot offers improved steering capabilities, switching between three modes for better curvature control and branch entry. The robot's design and control enable safer and more consistent procedures by reducing unintended vessel-wall interaction and enhancing access to small, tortuous, and branching targets.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have been honored for their work on semaglutide, a groundbreaking treatment for obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. The medicine has shown substantial and sustained weight loss, alongside reductions in cardiovascular risk among people with obesity and established heart disease.
Researchers track ancient carbon's path in sea and its uptake by microorganisms, revealing a 30% biomass share. Photosynthesis also plays a role in assimilating hydrothermal carbon, but only a small proportion remains in the local ecosystem.
Researchers developed a bioinspired Janus air electrode with a fish-scale and waterspider-leg structure, enabling rapid substance transport and improving catalytic site utilization. The asymmetric architecture significantly enhances zinc-air battery performance, achieving high power density and specific capacity.
Researchers have directly observed coherence collapse in quantum dot Fabry–Perot lasers, establishing practical design rules for isolator-free photonic integration. The lasers maintain telecom-grade performance even near the coherence collapse boundary.
Researchers found that artificial sweeteners stimulate soil bacteria to release vesicles carrying antibiotic resistance genes, increasing resistance risk in ecosystems. The study demonstrates that increasing chemical diversity can intensify resistance dissemination through previously overlooked pathways.
A cross-sectional study found that smartphone use during school hours is associated with reduced cognitive control in youths aged 11-18. The study highlights the need for school-level policies and digital literacy programs to address habitual smartphone-checking behaviors that fragment attention.
A new study reveals the experiences of people traveling to Illinois for abortion care after the Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization Supreme Court decision. The study found that delays were common, with participants waiting an average of a month for care, and that abortion stigma, information, and resource availability are major...
A study published in the journal Immunity has discovered that resident macrophages play a key role in regulating eye pressure, suggesting a promising new target for therapies to prevent glaucoma. The findings highlight the importance of the immune system in maintaining healthy eye pressure.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found consistent associations between digital media use and risks to child health and development, particularly social media use. The study highlights the need for multifaceted policies and interventions to mitigate potential harms from digital media exposure.
Researchers have successfully observed and verified a topological Dirac vortex mode in terahertz photonic crystal fibers, enabling ultra-broadband signal transmission with zero polarization dispersion. This breakthrough has promising applications in terahertz sensing, subwavelength-resolution imaging, and distributed quantum networks.
This study reveals that p62-dependent protein aggregates protect liver cells against severe alcohol damage, providing a new perspective on toxic protein accumulation. The researchers found that the formation of these aggregates is not harmful but rather an adaptive response to chronic alcohol stress.
A new study finds that adults with prediabetes and hypertension who have subclinical heart injury or stress are at increased risk of heart failure. The study highlights an at-risk population that can be identified using common cardiac biomarkers and emphasizes the importance of preventive care.
Researchers developed a biomimetic platform to enhance CAR T cell therapy against leukemia by creating a molecular bridge that reinforces the interface between CAR T cells and leukemia cells. This platform, called FACE, uses ferritin to bind to CD71 on leukemia cells, improving cell recognition and elimination.
Researchers at the University of Illinois simulate the entire cell cycle of a minimal bacterial cell, replicating DNA and cellular functions. The team's three-dimensional, fully dynamic kinetic model mimics the actual cell, revealing the extent of DNA replication and symmetrical cell division.
A new study found that middle and high school students spend nearly one-third of the school day on their smartphones, with frequent checking linked to weaker attention and impulse control. The study also found that students who checked their phones more frequently showed poorer cognitive control, a key skill for learning and academic s...
A low-cost digital intervention increased expectation to adopt health behaviors among adults using GLP-1RAs, with effects persisting for 2 weeks. The written microsteps intervention plus short video boosters may play a role in promoting sustained behavior change.
A new study reveals that astrocytes regulate inhibitory signaling in the cerebellum during development, enabling the emergence of flexible and precise motor coordination. In contrast, younger animals rely on neuron-derived tonic inhibition, which is replaced by astrocyte-derived tonic inhibition in late adolescence.
Women with cardiometabolic risk factors such as type 2 diabetes and high waist circumference face a higher risk of liver fibrosis, with rates increasing 11-fold and 2.8-fold compared to men. The study highlights the importance of managing these risk factors for liver health beyond heart disease prevention.
People in states with abortion bans face limitations to obtaining care out of state, emphasizing the need for policy change, visible information, and resources. The study suggests supporting individuals through social support systems to address these limitations.
A nationwide intervention has led to increased kidney transplants among Black patients, with a 5.3 transplant increase per 1,000 listings. The study found that wait time modifications, required by a national policy, resulted in a 1.7-year gain in priority status for Black candidates.
A study in Taiwan found a positive association between maternal prenatal acetaminophen use and increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in offspring. However, associations were not observed in sibling-matched analyses, suggesting unaddressed sources of bias.
The partnership aims to accelerate biomedical innovation through joint research programs, faculty collaboration, and expanded student training opportunities. Researchers will have access to shared laboratory infrastructure, reciprocal faculty affiliations, and joint grant proposals.
The policy brief outlines four courses of action to tackle AI implementation: bottom-up, problem-driven planning, transparency, accountability, and oversight. Without these measures, AI in the public sector will amplify current dysfunctions and feed distrust.
Researchers observed finless porpoises in Ise Bay, Japan, interacting with adults beyond their mothers, challenging the long-held assumption of their solitary nature. Infants approach and swim alongside adults who are not their mothers, suggesting a potential weaker mother-calf bond compared to other species.
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are associated with cognitive decline, which may be linked to hormonal dysregulation and gut microbiota alterations. Surgical intervention improves cognitive function, suggesting a potential endocrine mechanism underlying cognitive dysfunction and recovery.
Researchers discovered that tendon stem cells and progenitor cells fail to differentiate into mature, functional cells, instead promoting scar buildup. Immune cells, including macrophages, also play a central role in sustaining fibrosis, creating a self-sustaining environment that is difficult to reverse.
A single session of exercise produces a burst of high-frequency brain waves, called ripples, in brain networks tied to learning and recall. The study, led by the University of Iowa, shows that even a single bout of exercise can rapidly alter neural rhythms and brain networks involved in memory and cognitive function.
A new UC San Diego study challenges the idea that pandemic viruses require rare adaptations in animals to infect humans. The research found that most zoonotic viruses, including COVID-19, do not show evidence of prior adaptation before emerging in humans.
Research by Per Martinsson finds that frequent phone scrolling during breaks impairs relationships and perceptions of the work environment. The study, based on 25 interviews and 1,700 survey respondents, shows a negative association between phubbing and poorer work environments.
A study by Linköping University found that traditional open-plan offices increase the risk of bullying, while activity-based offices show no increased risk. The researchers suggest providing private spaces and handling irritation before it escalates as key lessons for employers.
Researchers analyzed brain activity of over 570 people in game situations to understand adaptive mentalization, a process where we infer others' thoughts and adjust our behavior. The study found that brain activity in specific regions, including the temporoparietal cortex, predicts how well people adapt to changing opponent behavior.
Researchers discovered that FOXJ3 gene mutations disrupt brain layer formation, leading to drug-resistant epilepsy. The study reveals a critical link between abnormal brain development and epilepsy, identifying FOXJ3 as a key genetic and molecular cause.
A new study published in the Hypertension journal found that women who experience pregnancy complications may face an increased risk for cardiovascular disease later in life. Higher stress levels during and after pregnancy are associated with higher blood pressure levels 2-to-7 years after delivery.
A study by researchers at the University of Basel and University of Bern found that spring fatigue is not a real biological phenomenon, but rather a culturally influenced concept. Participants in an online survey reported feeling more exhausted in spring, but the data showed no correlation with seasonal changes.
A study of 2,997 adults with advanced prostate cancer taking androgen-receptor pathway inhibitors and anticoagulants found no increased risks of bleeding or clotting. The findings contradict previous lab results and provide reassurance for clinicians and patients managing anticoagulation alongside modern prostate cancer treatments.
Patients with neurological diseases face profound questions about identity, purpose, and meaning, but neurologists often lack training and tools to address these concerns. A new paper offers practical strategies for incorporating spiritual assessment into routine neurological care.
A new study reveals that the ancient reptile Sonselasuchus, a relative of the crocodile, began life on four legs before learning to walk on two. The discovery was made by analyzing the proportions of the limb skeletons of different animals, suggesting that the creature's bipedal stance may have resulted from differential growth patterns.
A new study suggests that the ultra-high-energy neutrino may have originated from a population of blazars, which could provide a plausible explanation for the rare phenomenon. The researchers used a combination of simulations and observations from various instruments to test their hypothesis.
New prescriptions for stimulants among adults with ADHD more than doubled since the COVID-19 pandemic, with the largest increases among younger adults. The trend is driven by improved recognition and treatment of ADHD in adulthood, as well as increased access to care and virtual health services.
A new study published in JCOM found that AI disclosure labels may have the opposite effect of what regulators intend, decreasing the credibility of true scientific information while increasing that of false claims. The study tested 433 participants and found a counterintuitive pattern where the same label reduces credibility in opposit...
A study monitored 60 carcasses in tropical dry forests, finding that better-preserved forests host more diverse scavenger communities with up to 11 species detected. In contrast, degraded environments have simplified communities dominated by opportunistic species, leading to faster carcass consumption.
Researchers developed a novel cellulose@MOF scaffold-based asymmetric electrolyte for stable solid-state lithium metal batteries, achieving enhanced safety and energy density. The design incorporates a cellulose framework decorated with MOF nanosheets, providing a strong mechanical barrier and efficient ion transport.
Researchers isolated and characterized a tiny phage from the human gut, revealing how bacteria and phages co-exist in an 'arms-race' through genetic heterogeneity. The study suggests that phage evolution can be harnessed for phage therapy to treat pathogenic bacterial infections.
Singapore's breast cancer incidence is rising, but mortality rates are falling, mirroring global trends. The country's strong healthcare system and high-screening participation have contributed to improved survival rates.
The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology is spotlighting new trials for colorectal cancer in March, focusing on early detection methods and treatments for treatment delays and loss of appetite. The trials aim to improve patient outcomes, with several enrolling patients with newly diagnosed colon or rectal cancer.
A new study found that uterine estrogen receptors help control early pregnancy immune response by regulating inflammation and supporting sperm survival. Without these receptors, the uterus experiences unusually high levels of inflammation, disrupting embryo implantation.
Researchers found that selenium reduced oxidative stress and partially restored hormone levels in male rats with cisplatin-induced testicular damage. The study suggests that selenium may support the body's natural defenses and protect reproductive organs during chemotherapy.
The research team created a fiber memristor-based physical reservoir computing system that enables seamless, continuous, and unobtrusive sleep monitoring. The system achieved 94.8% accuracy in snore event detection, 95.4% in sleep stage classification, and 93.5% in multi-modal fusion tasks.
Scientists at the University of Sydney have developed an ultra-compact AI chip that harnesses the power of light to perform calculations, potentially lowering energy consumption and increasing speed. The prototype, built in-house, achieved 90-99% classification accuracy in image classification tasks.
A global review of 32 wildlife management projects found that empowering women leads to improved species recovery, habitat restoration, and reduced poaching. Women's unique insights and knowledge, often overlooked in conservation research, are essential for effective community-based wildlife management.
The review explores the applications of frontier AI techniques in computational structural analysis, highlighting the potential of graph neural networks, sequence-to-sequence models, and physics-informed methods. However, challenges such as physical interpretability and scalability remain, and future research directions are discussed.
A recent study by CityUHK researchers has identified the 'Asian Flush' mechanism, a deadly cardiovascular risk caused by the ALDH2 genetic mutation, which triggers a specific type of cell death during heart attacks. The study reveals that individuals with the mutation suffer significantly more heart damage, and that existing iron chela...
Researchers compared neurodevelopmental outcomes between firstborn and second-born children using the Ages & Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition. By 6 months, second-born infants scored lower than their firstborn siblings across all domains, with the greatest differences observed in communication and personal-social skills. These early...
A cancer medication, eFT508, has been shown to lower hyperconnectivity in early Alzheimer's disease by reducing amyloid-beta protein levels. This finding suggests a promising treatment avenue for memory loss in mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease.