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Climate change and human pressure mean migration may be “no longer worth it”, say researchers

Researchers warn that climate change and human pressure have eroded benefits of long-distance migration for animals, leading to lower reproductive success and higher mortality. This has serious consequences for ecosystem structure and function, with many species unable to adapt to changing environmental conditions.

SourceUniversity of Bath·JournalTrends in Ecology & Evolution·TypeLiterature review·DateOct 18, 2021

Can parental care influence sperm-mediated effects in threespine sticklebacks?

A new study found that parental care does not seem to affect sperm-mediated effects in threespine sticklebacks, contrary to previous expectations. The researchers tested the behavior and stress responses of offspring from predator-exposed fathers with or without parental care.

Eye on the tiger: genetics show global fisheries management should re-think tiger sharks

Research confirms two separate tiger shark populations in the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific oceans, despite trans-oceanic migrations. This long-term separation has resulted in distinct genetic diversity among Hawaiian and Indian Ocean tiger sharks, emphasizing the need for tailored management plans and targeted conservation efforts.

SourceSave Our Seas Foundation·JournalJournal of Heredity·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 27, 2021

When predators matter! Study of voles on Arctic island advances knowledge of small-mammal population dynamics

Researchers found that predators play a crucial role in regulating small mammal populations, contradicting previous assumptions about the importance of herbivore-plant interactions. The study's unique Arctic vole ecosystem provided a simple model to test predator-prey dynamics, shedding light on population cycles and climate variability.

SourceCanadian Museum of Nature·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeObservational study·DateSep 10, 2021

Meat-heavy diets restricted hunter-gatherer population sizes

A new study by the ICTA-UAB establishes that populations of hunter-gatherer groups with strong seasonal dependence on meat had fewer people per square kilometer than those relying on abundant plant foods. This result is based on a complex set of calculations showing how diet composition influenced population density.

SourceUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona·JournalNature Ecology & Evolution·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 10, 2021

Bee flight suffers under temperature extremes

Researchers found that bumblebee flight performance rises rapidly from 12°C and peaks between 25-27°C, but declines beyond this. This study suggests that climate warming may benefit some northern-latitude bee species, but poses risks to southern-latitude populations due to more frequent extreme weather events.

SourceImperial College London·JournalFunctional Ecology·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 18, 2021

Arctic narwhals and beluga whales can be detected and monitored from space, using satellite orbiting 617km high

Researchers successfully detected and monitored Arctic narwhals and beluga whales using satellite orbiting 617km high, a breakthrough in cetacean tracking. This achievement demonstrates the potential of space-based monitoring for conservation efforts, providing valuable insights into these endangered species' habitats and behaviors.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 4, 2021

Like matryoshka dolls: One insect species introduced decades ago to a small island had an effect on several insect populations

A single butterfly species introduced to an island in the 1990s had a significant impact on several insect populations, leading to genetic decline and high extinction risk for some species. The parasitoid wasp's mobility and symbiotic bacterial relationships played key roles in shaping this outcome.

SourceUniversity of Helsinki·JournalMolecular Ecology·DateAug 2, 2021

Earthquake creates ecological opportunity

A University of Otago study found that the 1855 Wairarapa earthquake created an ecological opportunity for a previously South Island restricted seaweed species to colonize and establish itself in the North Island. This discovery highlights the potential of tectonic disturbance to shape biodiversity, including marine environments.

SourceUniversity of Otago·JournalJournal of Phycology·DateMay 19, 2021

New evaluation estimates absolute abundance and preservation rate of Tyrannosaurus rex

A new study estimates that nearly 20,000 T. rex lived concurrently, with a total of 2.5 billion individuals over their entire existence. The authors used Darmuth's Law to estimate population-level traits and the rate of fossil preservation, finding that only about 1 in 80 million T. rex survived as fossilized remains.

Scientists predict the best strategy for lifting COVID-19 lockdown

A new study suggests that releasing non-essential workers in two stages is the most effective way to minimize deaths while protecting the economy. The researchers recommend gradually releasing half of the population 2-4 weeks after an initial infection peak, followed by another 3-4 months before fully lifting restrictions.

SourceFrontiers·JournalFrontiers in Public Health·DateJun 10, 2020

Silverswords may be gone with the wind

A new study found that lower elevation Silversword plants are less drought-resistant than higher elevation plants, leading to increased mortality rates. The researchers suggest using suitable habitats for the plants in a changing climate rather than breeding them with drought-resistant genes.

SourceEcological Society of America·JournalEcological Monographs·DateDec 4, 2019

Bad news for Nemo

A study found that clownfish in Kimbe Bay are unable to adapt genetically to habitat changes and renew their population. The quality of the anemone providing a home to the fish is crucial to its survival, highlighting the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect these marine species.

SourceWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution·JournalEcology Letters·DateNov 27, 2019

New study could reset how scientists view sex determination in painted turtle populations

A new study from Iowa State University analyzed decades of data on painted turtle populations and found a wide variation in temperature sensitivity within local populations, defying theoretical expectations. The findings suggest that temperature-dependent sex determination may be more resilient to changes in temperature than previously...

SourceIowa State University·JournalFunctional Ecology·DateAug 6, 2019

'Gentle recovery' of Brazil's leatherback turtles

Researchers found a significant increase in the number of leatherback nests in Espírito Santo, Brazil, from 25.6 to 89.8 between 1988 and 2017. The gentle recovery is attributed to local conservation efforts, but the population still faces threats from climate change, pollution, and coastal development.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalEndangered Species Research·DateJul 1, 2019

Retracing ancient routes to Australia

Researchers used sophisticated modelling to determine the likely routes travelled by Aboriginal people tens of thousands of years ago and the sizes of groups required for survival. The simulations indicate that at least 1300 people arrived in a single migration event or smaller waves, averaging 130 people every 70 years over 700 years.

SourceFlinders University·JournalScientific Reports·DateJun 20, 2019

Sea otters have low genetic diversity like other threatened species, biologists report

A team of life scientists at UCLA discovered that sea otters have low genetic diversity, which could endanger their health. The researchers found evidence of potentially harmful genetic variation and mating between closely related ancestors in the sea otter genome, similar to other endangered species with small population sizes.

SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles·JournalMolecular Biology and Evolution·DateJun 18, 2019

Counting the uncounted

Researchers developed a new approach to estimate population abundance from simultaneous counts of unmarked individuals over multiple sites. The methodology works best in scenarios with few sites, large variation in abundance among sites, and individuals moving between sampling sites.

SourceWildlife Conservation Society·JournalConservation Biology·DateJun 6, 2019

What doesn't kill you

Researchers found that some frog species persist despite infection, attributed to eco-evolutionary rescue. This occurs when ecological and evolutionary mechanisms allow for host-pathogen coexistence, including immune adaptation and reduced transmission rates. The study provides a glimpse of hope for amphibian populations threatened by Bd.

SourceUniversity of California - Santa Barbara·JournalEcological Applications·DateOct 3, 2018