Bones
Articles tagged with Bones
Blocking TGF-β signaling may strengthen efficacy of osteoporosis therapy
Researchers identify the ‘organizer’ cells that build bone marrow
A new study reveals the developmental mechanism of bone marrow formation, identifying septoclasts as early organizers followed by LepR-expressing bone marrow stromal cells. These specialized cell populations work together to build the bone marrow environment through a hardwired process supported by RANKL.
How bone marrow fat drives immune suppression and bone loss in obesity
Researchers reveal how expansion of bone marrow fat promotes immunosuppressive PD-L1 signaling, leading to enhanced osteoclast activity and accelerated bone loss. Reducing bone marrow fat improves bone structure.
New genetic insights into developmental dysplasia of the hip
A large multiethnic study identifies genetic factors associated with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and its progression to osteoarthritis of the hip. Variations in COL11A2, CALN1, and TRPM7 genes were found to be common to both DDH and hip OA.
PFAS exposure may weaken teens’ bones
Early-life exposure to PFAS may influence how teens' bones develop during adolescence, leading to lower bone density. The study found that teens with higher PFAS levels had lower forearm bone density, with stronger associations among females.
Here we grow: chondrocytes’ behavior reveals novel targets for bone growth disorders
A team at The University of Osaka has identified a signaling molecule called FGFR3 and a pathway called CREB as key in regulating bone growth. Cells carrying the genetic mutation associated with achondroplasia accumulate in the resting zone and show abnormal behaviors, which included abnormal patterns of division and migration.
Why some broken bones fail to heal: scientists reveal a critical molecular trigger
Researchers discovered that Apex1 plays a crucial role in initiating and progressing bone healing after injury. The protein is required for activating the master regulatory gene Bmp2, which initiates healing by stimulating periosteal expansion and callus formation.
Female athlete health, well-being focus of updated report
A new consensus statement provides evidence-based guidance for screening, diagnosis, treatment, and return-to-play protocols for female athletes. The updated report includes a first-of-its-kind adolescent model of the Female Athlete Triad, addressing energy deficiency in growing adolescents.
Johns Hopkins-led team creates first map of nerve circuitry in bone, identifies key signals for bone repair
A Johns Hopkins-led team has created the first map of nerve circuitry in bone, revealing how sensory neurons communicate with bone-building cells to promote healing. The study identifies key protein signals necessary for bone formation and repair.
An ECOG-ACRIN imaging study solves a long-standing gap in metastatic breast cancer research and care: accurately measuring treatment response in patients with bone metastases
A prospective multicenter trial validated an improved method for predicting treatment benefits in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer with bone metastases. Metabolic change assessed by FDG-PET/CT accurately predicted progression-free survival as early as 12 weeks after treatment initiation.
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use and vertebral fracture risk in type 2 diabetes
Using GLP-1 receptor agonists may lower the risk of vertebral compression fractures and related surgical interventions in people with type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that these medications have a bone-protective effect, offering benefits for patients.
Research reveals gaps in tracking opioid use among older adults in Medicare post-acute care
A new research letter highlights major gaps in how opioid use is tracked among older adults receiving post-acute care under Medicare. Current data sources may overlook most opioid use during critical transition periods, leading to inaccurate understanding of medication use and policy decisions.
Even boneless insects have an endocrine system for calcium control
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba identified a peptide hormone called Capa that regulates calcium levels in fruit flies. The study found that Capa is secreted by specific neurons and acts on organs similar to vertebrate kidneys to mobilize calcium from stored reserves.
Mount Sinai study highlights sex-based pelvic differences’ effect on spinal screw, rod placement during surgical procedures
The study found that males have a narrower pelvis, resulting in a more medial starting point for S2AI screws and poorer rod alignment. Researchers aim to tailor treatment to patients' specific anatomy to improve surgical efficiency and outcomes.
Study finds link between circadian rhythms and bone resorption
Researchers discovered a strong link between our internal circadian clock and the breakdown of old bone tissue. The study found that bone resorption is closely tied to the body's natural rhythm, with implications for maintaining bone integrity and preventing conditions like osteoporosis.
3D printing “glue gun” can generate bone grafts directly onto fractures in animals
Researchers create a device that prints bone grafts directly onto fractures and defects using a modified glue gun. The tool enables rapid creation of complex implants without pre-fabrication and demonstrates high structural flexibility, anti-inflammatory properties, and natural bone regrowth.
Deadly bone disease wiped out long-necked dinosaurs in what is now the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Researchers found signs of osteomyelitis in sauropod fossils from the Cretaceous period, suggesting a fatal bone disease that killed animals quickly. The study identified three previously unknown manifestations of osteomyelitis and provides insights into the environment that favored pathogens.
Research for stronger bones and muscles in old age
Scientists at Leipzig University have discovered that the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor GPR133 plays a central role in building and maintaining healthy bone. By mimicking natural activation, a new active substance AP503 can strengthen bones and potentially treat osteoporosis.
Study uncovers how immune cells contribute to failed bone healing after muscle-bone trauma
Researchers uncovered two myeloid cell populations driving immune dysregulation in polytrauma, highlighting a critical role of TIM cells in immune suppression. The study also identified key genes and communication patterns involved in polytrauma-induced immune responses, providing potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Innovative implant delivers sustained hydrogen therapy
Researchers developed a novel nanoconfinement strategy to deliver molecular hydrogen for diabetic bone repair. The innovative implant achieves controlled and sustained H2 release, promoting bone regeneration and neural network formation. This technology addresses key limitations of conventional H2 therapy.
Membrane-initiated estrogen receptor α (mERα) in specific cell types found crucial for bone strength
Researchers found that disabling mERα signaling in osteoblast lineage cells reduced cortical bone mass and density, leading to weaker bones. This pathway is essential for maintaining bone strength and density, especially in females.
Breaking the silence about men breaking bones
A new survey conducted by Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center found that only 1% of men are concerned about bone density, with cancer and heart disease being top concerns. Men can build back bone density through exercise, nutrition, and lifestyle changes, and early intervention can prevent deadly fractures.
New study reveals how RUNX2 regulates skull development
Researchers uncover how RUNX2 regulates cranial base growth by controlling chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation, and organization. The study provides fundamental insights into the complex interplay between RUNX2 and FGFR3, shedding light on novel therapeutic targets for craniofacial defects.
Aging disrupts osteocyte networks and bone structure, with greater impact in males
Researchers used a premature aging mouse model to study the effects of age and sex on osteocyte networks and bone structure. Aged PolgA mice showed accelerated skeletal aging, reduced osteocyte connectivity, and increased frailty, with males exhibiting more pronounced changes.
Archaeologists combine cutting edge research techniques to shed light on the treatment of individuals with disabilities in the late Middle Ages
Researchers analyzed a skeleton with a severe knee injury to uncover the complexities of social attitudes towards individuals with disabilities in medieval Europe. The study found that despite negative cultural views, some individuals with disabilities received long-term care and prominent burials.
USPSTF recommendation on screening for syphilis infection during pregnancy
The USPSTF recommends early, universal screening for syphilis infection during pregnancy to prevent congenital syphilis. Untreated syphilis can cause premature birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth in the fetus.
NFL players more likely to injure knee after shorter rest period
Researchers found that NFL players are 3.7 times more likely to suffer a tear of the extensor mechanism during a short rest week than a long rest week or resting less than seven days.
Unlocking faster orthodontic treatments: the role of atf6 in bone remodeling
Researchers have found that ATF6, a protein activated in macrophages during corticotomy, promotes inflammation and boosts TNFα production to accelerate bone remodeling. The study suggests that targeting the ATF6-TNFα pathway could lead to non-invasive therapies for faster and more efficient orthodontic procedures.
ESCEO-IOF Pierre Meunier Young Scientist Award presented to Dr. Elizabeth M. Curtis
Dr. Elizabeth M. Curtis has been awarded the ESCEO-IOF Pierre Meunier Young Scientist Award for her groundbreaking research on musculoskeletal health and bone disease. Her work focuses on the epidemiology of bone, muscle health, and joint health across the lifespan.
Immune cell 'messengers' could save crumbling bones - new hope for joint pain sufferers
A recent study found that exosomes derived from M2 macrophages can improve bone regeneration by modulating NETs and endothelial cell function. These tiny vesicles deliver miR-93-5p, reducing NETs formation and enhancing blood vessel growth.
Dr Ambrish Mithal awarded prestigious IOF CSA Medal of Achievement
Dr Ambrish Mithal, an Indian endocrinologist, has been awarded the prestigious IOF CSA Medal of Achievement for his groundbreaking work in advancing the field of osteoporosis. His pioneering efforts have significantly increased understanding and awareness of osteoporosis globally.
Mexican society AMMOM honored with the International Osteoporosis Foundation CNS Medal
AMMOM has been recognized by the IOF for its significant contributions to osteoporosis awareness and bone health in Mexico. The organization has collaborated extensively with the IOF on various initiatives, including joint scientific meetings and advocacy efforts.
Professor Atsushi Suzuki of Japan honored with prestigious IOF President’s Award
Professor Atsushi Suzuki, Chair of Endocrinology at Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Japan, received the IOF President's Award for his exceptional contributions to IOF. He has shared his expertise as a mentor and engaged member of the Capture the Fracture Governance.
A new Denisovan mandible from Taiwan
Penghu 1, discovered on the seabed of the Penghu Channel in Taiwan, is revealed to be a Denisovan mandible dating back to 10,000 years ago. The fossil's molecular identification sheds light on the mysterious distribution and appearance of Denisovans in eastern Asia.
Running on empty: Poor nutrition increases injury risk for female athletes
A systematic review of nearly 6000 runners found that lower energy and fat intakes were strongly associated with a higher risk of injury in female runners. A low-fibre diet also increased the likelihood of bone stress injuries.
Two paths to healing: organoids reveal sex-specific bone regeneration mechanisms
Researchers have discovered two distinct pathways of bone regeneration driven by early progenitor cell activation in male and female-derived organoids. The study highlights the importance of a shared set of secreted proteins in the healing process, with potential applications for personalized medicine and noninvasive biomarkers.
Titanium particles are common around implants
A new study from the University of Gothenburg found that titanium micro-particles are consistently present at all examined implants, even those without signs of inflammation. The researchers identified 14 genes that may be affected by these particles, but further research is needed to understand their impact on tissue health.
Mediterranean diet, physical activity, and bone health in older adults
A Mediterranean diet combined with physical activity mitigates weight loss–related bone mineral density decline in older adults with metabolic syndrome. This study suggests that lifestyle interventions may be effective in maintaining bone health in this population.
No bones about it: new details about skeletal cell aging revealed
Scientists have discovered that osteocytes undergo structural and functional changes with age, impairing their ability to maintain bone strength. This discovery could lead to new treatments for osteoporosis and age-related bone loss by targeting senescent cells.
Scientists uncover the first clear evidence of air sacs in the fossilized bones of alvarezsaurian dinosaurs: the "hollow bones" which help modern day birds to fly
Researchers found clear evidence of air sacs in fossilized alvarezsaurian bones, which may have helped modern birds fly. This discovery provides new insights into the evolution of bird flight and the role of 'hollow bones' in this process.
Ancient amphibians as big as alligators died in mass mortality event in Triassic Wyoming
A mass mortality event occurred in Triassic Wyoming, where dozens of giant amphibians called metoposaurid temnospondyls died together on an ancient floodplain. The study provides a unique snapshot of a single population and doubles the known number of individuals of the species Buettnererpeton bakeri.
Mammals were adapting from life in the trees to living on the ground before dinosaur-killing asteroid
New research reveals mammals were shifting toward a more ground-based lifestyle several million years before the dinosaurs' mass extinction event. Analyzing small-fossilized bone fragments, scientists found signs of locomotory habit in end of limb bones from marsupial and placental mammals.
Joint consensus highlights the role of bone turnover markers in osteoporosis diagnosis and management
A new consensus paper emphasizes the role of bone turnover markers (BTMs) in diagnosing and managing osteoporosis. BTMs, such as procollagen type I N propeptide (PINP) and β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX-I), are invaluable tools for predicting fracture risk and monitoring treatment adherence.
A 3D bone marrow analog reveals the role of trabecular volume in MSC mechanoresponse and bone loss during aging and microgravity
Aging individuals experience bone loss despite physical activity, highlighting the importance of MSCs in regulating bone mechanoresponse. The new 3D bone marrow analog reveals that trabecular volume affects MSC response to mechanical signals, with higher strains associated with older densities and increased F-actin production
From forces to bone: General formula unravelling the role of mechanical cues in bone remodelling
Researchers propose a general formula modeling bone adaptation as a function of key loading parameters. The formula provides insights into the relationship between mechanical signals and adaptive bone responses, offering guidance for optimizing exercise regimens and designing medical devices to promote bone health.
Everyday physical activity does not slow bone loss during menopause
A recent study found that everyday physical activity does not slow bone loss during menopause, contrary to previous studies suggesting exercise can mitigate age-related bone weakening. Despite this, researchers believe more targeted exercise may help slow hormonal bone loss.
CD47 protein crucial for bone fracture healing, study reveals
Scientists have identified CD47 as an essential regulator of mesenchymal progenitor cell (MSC) proliferation—cells critical for bone repair. CD47-deficient mice exhibited delayed callus formation and lower bone volume, emphasizing its importance in bone healing.
Mice flown on the International Space Station in microgravity experience bone loss mostly in weight-bearing bones, which might help inform human acclimation to spaceflight
A study found that mice exposed to microgravity for 37 days experienced significant bone loss, especially in weight-bearing bones. This research may inform human acclimation strategies for spaceflight.
New study reveals key protein's role in preventing bone loss
Researchers have identified Naked cuticle homolog 2 (NKD2) as a critical regulator of bone cell differentiation, promoting osteoblast formation while inhibiting adipocyte and osteoclast activity. The study suggests that targeting NKD2 could lead to treatments that prevent bone loss and promote bone formation.
USC study shows proteins and pathways involved in inflammation are associated with changes in bone mineral density over time
A USC study found proteins and pathways involved in inflammation are associated with changes in bone mineral density (BMD) over time. The research identified potential biomarkers that could serve as early indicators of a person's risk for bone health issues later in life.
The standardized production of bone tools by our ancestors pushed back one million years
Researchers discovered 27 standardized bone tools over 1.5 million years old in Tanzania's Olduvai Gorge, pushing back known standardization by 500,000 years. The discovery suggests an early ability for planning and knowledge transmission among ancient populations.
Prehistoric bone tool ‘factory’ hints at early development of abstract reasoning in human ancestors
Researchers discovered a collection of 27 fossilized bones with shaped into hand tools 1.5 million years ago by early human ancestors. This find suggests that hominins had an advanced understanding of toolmaking, adapting techniques to different materials, indicating greater cognitive skills.
Dental implants still functional after forty years
A recent study from the University of Gothenburg found that dental implants continue to function well after nearly forty years. The implants, developed by Professor Per-Ingvar Brånemark, have been shown to remain stable and integrate with bone over an extended period.
No complications associated with early weight bearing on broken ankles
A new study suggests that early weight bearing on broken ankles is generally safe and can help speed up patient recovery by preventing muscle deconditioning and improving joint range of motion. Healthy patients can typically start bearing weight within three weeks of surgical intervention without experiencing increased complications.
Unlocking bone repair: FGFR antagonists restore mandibular bone repair in osteochondrodysplasia
Researchers discovered that FGFR antagonists can effectively rescue impaired bone repair in mouse models of osteochondrodysplasia. The treatments promote chondrocyte differentiation and increase apoptosis rates, enhancing bone formation and mineralization. This breakthrough offers new hope for individuals with skeletal disorders caused...
Aston University collaboration to develop injectable paste which could treat bone cancer
Researchers at Aston University and the Royal Orthopaedic Hospital are developing an injectable paste using gallium-doped bioglass to treat bone cancer. The substance has anticancer and bone regenerative properties, showing a 99% success rate in eliminating cancerous cells.
Severe osteoporosis as a manifestation of systemic mastocytosis
A rare case report highlights the association between systemic mastocytosis and severe osteoporosis in a young adult patient, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and consideration of SM as an underlying cause. The study aims to raise awareness about this underrecognized condition and its potential impact on bone health.
Stronger, safer, smarter: pioneering Zinc-based dissolvable implants for bone repair
Researchers at Monash University have developed a zinc alloy that is stronger than permanent steel implants and more durable than biodegradable options. The innovative material could revolutionize orthopaedic care by promoting better healing outcomes and minimizing disruption to surrounding tissues.
Revolutionizing dental surgery with AI
Dental implant surgeries require optimal mechanical stress levels for successful bone healing and long-term implant success. Researchers are developing a hybrid biomechanical model using machine learning to provide precise, patient-specific predictions of mechanical stress.