Articles tagged with Gray Matter
A study found significant changes in grey matter structure and deep brain structures after a season of high school football, which may lead to long-term cognitive decline and neurological disorders. The researchers used MRI scans to examine brain microstructure and correlation with head impacts.
A study found that premature baby boys' brains are affected more severely than girls', with significant sex differences in gray matter and white matter. The research used MRI scans to analyze the brains of 33 infants, showing that even at one year old, there are major sex differences.
Researchers found that elderly people who feel younger than their age show fewer signs of brain aging and have increased gray matter volume in key brain regions. This suggests that caring for brain health may be important for those who feel older than their age.
A systematic review found that patients with continuity of care have significantly lower death rates, regardless of specialist or family doctor. The study analysed 22 high-quality studies from nine countries and found an effect across different cultures.
Researchers found that cortical surface area, a measure of brain size, is associated with greater cognitive ability in taller individuals. However, the study also suggests that environmental factors, such as childhood malnutrition, may play a larger role in shaping cognitive development.
Higher levels of lifestyle physical activity are associated with increased gray matter volume in the brain of older adults. The study found a significant correlation between daily activities such as household chores, walking dogs, and gardening and improved cognitive function.
Researchers found greater grey matter volume in brain regions associated with auditory perception and emotional processing in individuals with high noise sensitivity. This suggests that noise sensitivity may require more neural resources to process sound, potentially related to self-awareness of noise-induced sensations.
Researchers found that playing 3D video games like Super Mario 64 increased gray matter volume in the hippocampus and cerebellum of older adults. This led to improved short-term memory and cognitive function. The study suggests that learning new things, such as through video games or piano lessons, can reverse age-related brain atrophy.
Researchers found that children with higher aerobic capacity and motor ability had increased gray matter in brain regions important for executive function, learning, and language processing. This association was also observed in regions essential for reading and language skills.
Research confirms that video game design influences brain plasticity, with action games reducing hippocampus grey matter. Players using spatial strategies perform better, while those relying on response strategies are more affected.
A new study by Dr. Véronique Bohbot and Dr. Greg West found that playing action video games for 90 hours can lead to grey matter loss in the hippocampus, but playing 3D-platform games may be safer and more beneficial for brain spatial memory. This research highlights the importance of choosing the right type of game to play.
A new study suggests that habitual players of action video games have less grey matter in their hippocampus, a major part of the brain associated with spatial memory and remembering past experiences. The study found that gaming can lead to changes in the brain that increase the risk of developing brain illnesses and diseases.
Researchers discovered that gray matter density in the brain increases during adolescence, which may explain improved cognitive performance despite decreased brain volume and cortical thickness. The study found higher gray matter density in females compared to males, potentially contributing to comparable cognitive performance.
Research by SISSA found that individuals with more developed anterior superior temporal sulcus (aSTS) are more likely to forgive those who have caused harm unintentionally. The aSTS is involved in representing others' mental states and comprehending the unintentional nature of actions.
A study of children with untreated sleep apnea found significant reductions in gray matter, particularly in regions related to movement, memory, and emotions. The findings suggest that early detection and therapy are crucial for preventing long-term brain damage and cognitive deficits.
A recent study published in Neurology found that adhering to a Mediterranean diet can help maintain brain volume in older adults. The study, which followed 967 Scottish people aged 70 for three years, revealed that those who followed the diet more closely retained more brain volume than those who did not.
Research finds pregnancy alters brain structure, particularly in regions related to social cognition and self-focused processing. The study suggests an adaptive process of functional specialization towards motherhood, with potential benefits for detecting the child's emotional state.
A new Yale-led study finds that changes in brain anatomy, specifically the posterior parietal cortex, are more closely related to risk avoidance in older adults than aging itself. The research team used MRI scans and risk-choice experiments to analyze the phenomenon.
Researchers have identified changes primarily in brain regions connected to sensation and sensory processing in children with Tourette's syndrome. The findings suggest that the condition may be related to unusual sensations, leading to involuntary movements and vocalizations.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center found significant changes in total brain gray matter volume and specific brain regions in teenagers with type 2 diabetes. These changes are associated with reduced cognitive abilities, particularly in pronunciation and language skills.
A new MRI scoring system revealed gyral maturational delay as a predictor of neurodevelopmental impairment in smaller premature babies. Gyral maturation delay also predicted cognitive delay and increased risk of death. The study suggests that therapies should begin at the earliest moment impairments become obvious.
Researchers used MRI to study the effects of PKU on gray matter in the brain. They found evidence of abnormalities in individuals with early-treated PKU, particularly in posterior regions. The study's findings highlight the importance of maintaining dietary treatment throughout life to prevent irreversible damage.
A new study found that physically active older adults have larger gray matter volumes in key brain areas, which can help prevent cognitive decline. People with high calorie burn are more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease or experience less volume reduction over time.
Children who suffer from clinical depression as preschoolers have abnormally developed gray matter, affecting emotion regulation and brain maturation. The study found a steeper drop-off in gray matter volume and thickness with increasing depression severity.
Researchers found that children left without direct parental care for extended periods show larger gray matter volumes in the brain. The study also revealed a negative correlation between gray matter volume and IQ scores in left-behind children, suggesting delayed brain development.
The study found that overall happiness is a combination of happy emotions and life satisfaction, linked to the precuneus region in the brain. Individuals with higher grey matter mass in this area tend to experience more intense happiness and find meaning in life.
A meta-analysis of 1155 patients with schizophrenia and 911 healthy controls found progressive cortical gray matter loss relative to healthy controls, related to cumulative antipsychotic intake. Second-generation antipsychotics showed a neuroprotective effect, reducing progressive loss.
A new study reveals that 9- and 10-year-old children who are aerobically fit tend to have significantly thinner gray matter than their peers, associated with better mathematics performance. The study suggests cardiorespiratory fitness contributes to gray matter thinning, a normal process of child brain development.
A new study found that bilingual individuals have more gray matter in the brain's executive control region, which is involved in tasks such as attention, inhibition, and short-term memory. This 'bilingual advantage' was observed in Spanish-English bilinguals but not in ASL-English bilinguals.
A new study published in Radiology found that substance abuse has long-term effects on brain volume in women, with significant reductions in gray matter volume in several brain areas. In contrast, men showed no such brain changes after abstinence from stimulant use.
A new study combines neuroscience, image processing, and network theory to create a brain atlas that follows a common functional and structural pattern. The atlas shows the modular skeleton shared by structure and function, revealing the heavy dependence between structural connectivity and functional connectivity networks.
Research from Penn scientists found that individuals with higher moral reasoning skills showed increased gray matter in the prefrontal cortex, a key area for complex social behavior and decision making. The study also linked higher levels of moral development to lower neuroticism and increased openness to experience.
A new study maps distinct brain signatures for two types of extroverts: gregarious 'people-persons' and ambitious 'go-getters'. The research, published in Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, found overlapping yet distinct signatures in the anatomy of the brain.
A new study found that meditation can help preserve gray matter in the brain, reducing the age-related loss of functional abilities. Researchers compared 50 meditators with 50 non-meditators and found a significant difference in gray matter volume.
A Stanford study analyzed nearly 16,000 brain images and found a common pattern of gray matter loss in three brain structures associated with high-level functions. This discovery challenges traditional classification of psychiatric disorders based on symptoms.
A study published in Biological Psychiatry found that brain shrinkage associated with anorexia nervosa can be reversed through successful weight restoration therapy. The research analyzed cortical thickness in over 100,000 brain locations and showed significant improvements in patients who achieved normal weight and eating behavior.
A new study reveals that frequent media multitasking is associated with lower grey-matter density in the anterior cingulate cortex, a region responsible for cognitive and emotional control. The research supports earlier findings on the link between multitasking and poor attention, depression, and anxiety.
Researchers found that people with multiple sclerosis (MS) lose myelin in their gray matter, a characteristic of the disease that affects brain function. The study's findings suggest that gray matter demyelination is strongly related to MS disability and have important implications for treatment monitoring and clinical trials.
A new study reveals that childhood maltreatment is associated with cerebral grey matter abnormalities, leading to lasting changes in brain structure. The research found significant deficits in late-developing brain regions, indicating a potential link between adverse childhood experiences and long-term cognitive and emotional deficits.
Researchers at the University of Montreal have identified potential markers for dementia in Parkinson's disease patients with mild cognitive impairments. These markers include thinning in certain cortical areas and subcortical atrophy in grey matter, which may serve as a warning sign for developing dementia.
Researchers have identified the 'scaffold' of human brain networks, detailing connections that have the greatest influence over all other connections. The study found not all brain connections are equally important and some may be more vulnerable to damage, with implications for understanding brain injury and disease.
New study finds less gray matter in dyslexic brains is a consequence of poor reading experiences, not the root cause. The research suggests that experience-induced changes in the brain may be responsible for cognitive impairment in dyslexia.
A study published in the journal Pain found that individual differences in grey matter in certain brain regions are related to pain sensitivity. People with higher default mode activity and better attention control tend to have reduced sensitivity to pain.
A voxel-based morphometry study reveals regional gray matter volume abnormalities in chronic back pain patients compared to upper back pain patients. Gray matter atrophy affects perception and modulation of chronic pain, with subcortical increases found only in low back pain patients.
A study using voxel-based magnetic resonance morphometry found significant gray matter volume loss in Parkinson's disease patients compared to healthy controls. This loss was particularly pronounced in temporal, occipital, parietal, frontal, insular, and cerebellar regions.
A new study found that prenatal cocaine exposure is associated with lower gray matter volume in key brain regions involved in emotion, reward, memory, and executive function. This can increase the likelihood of initiating substance use by up to 83.6%, highlighting the need for a long-term perspective on the risks.
A Rutgers University professor's advanced analysis of cerebrospinal fluid has found that multiple sclerosis may originate in the gray matter of the brain, challenging long-held assumptions about the disease. This new understanding could lead to more effective treatments and earlier diagnoses.
A study found that regional gray matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis is associated with cognitive decline and emotional abnormalities. The atrophy primarily affects the cingulate and frontal cortices of the dominant hemisphere, leading to neuropsychological problems.
A study found that an active lifestyle can preserve gray matter in older adults' brains, reducing the burden of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The research suggests that a combination of lifestyle choices, including aerobic physical activities, may alleviate brain aging.
A study found that women with Alzheimer's disease exhibit greater gray matter loss in the brain compared to men, with differences observed in regional atrophy patterns. This discovery has important implications for the development of therapies for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
A study by researchers at the University of Zurich found a connection between brain anatomy and altruistic behavior, with individuals displaying more gray matter at the junction of the parietal and temporal lobes when behaving altruistically. This region is linked to empathy and understanding others' thoughts and feelings.
Researchers found that children who experienced more intense stressful events had lower scores on tests of spatial working memory and short-term memory. Brain scans revealed smaller volumes of the anterior cingulate region, a key area for these cognitive processes. The study suggests stress may delay brain development, but further rese...
Researchers found that chronic cocaine users lost about 3.08 ml brain volume per year, almost twice the rate of healthy volunteers. The accelerated age-related decline was most prominent in the prefrontal and temporal cortex, important regions associated with attention, decision-making, and self-regulation as well as memory.
Scientists have discovered a specific brain region associated with social conformity, which influences individuals' tendency to align their opinions with those of others. The lateral orbitofrontal cortex plays a key role in recognizing cues of social conflict, prompting subjects to update their opinions accordingly.
A study by Australian researchers found that heart failure is associated with a decline in people's mental processes and a loss of grey matter in the brain. This can lead to difficulties in remembering medication and carrying out instructions. The study suggests that simpler approaches to self-management may be required.
Adolescents diagnosed with schizophrenia show greater decreases in gray matter volume and increases in cerebrospinal fluid in the frontal lobe compared to healthy peers. Progressive brain changes are also linked to poorer prognosis, including longer hospitalization and reduced symptom improvement.
A new study by Yale University found that adolescents who were abused and neglected have less gray matter in certain brain areas than their non-maltreated peers. The study suggests a link between maltreatment and future mental health issues, with some areas affected more in boys or girls.
Adolescents with childhood maltreatment experience reduced cerebral gray matter volume, particularly in the prefrontal cortex, associated with behavioral difficulties and increased risk of psychiatric disorders. Self-reported CM subtypes show distinct patterns of gray matter changes, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
A study found that consuming baked or broiled fish on a weekly basis preserves gray matter volume in areas at risk for Alzheimer's disease. This reduction in risk is associated with improved cognitive function, particularly working memory.
A new study found that healthy individuals with more gray matter in their decision-making brain region can better evaluate rewards and consequences. In contrast, cocaine addicts have reduced gray matter volume in the same area, leading to impaired reward processing and increased risk of addiction.