Articles tagged with Black Carbon
Researchers convert herbal waste into high-performance biochar materials capable of removing toxic pollutants from water and soil. The biochars possess unique advantages due to their natural composition, which includes cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and bioactive compounds.
A novel engineered biochar has been developed to simultaneously immobilize arsenic and cadmium in contaminated water and agricultural soils. The sulfur-ferrihydrite-modified biochar achieves high adsorption capacities for both pollutants, transforming them into more stable residual fractions.
A new study reveals that biochar can have sharply different effects on greenhouse gas emissions depending on soil type and land use. In acidic upland soils, biochar significantly reduces nitrous oxide emissions, while in flooded rice paddies, it may unexpectedly increase emissions.
Nanobiochar is an engineered carbon material derived from biomass with increased surface area, reactivity, and environmental functionality. It enhances soil quality, binds pollutants, retains nutrients, and supports beneficial microbial communities.
A new study reveals that biochar's ability to remove antibiotics from water depends on their molecular structure. The research found that subtle structural differences among tetracycline antibiotics influence their adsorption onto rice straw biochar, with some antibiotics binding more quickly than others.
Researchers develop a new method to transform waste streams into a promising material for next-generation sodium-ion batteries. The study demonstrates how waste recycling can reduce environmental pollution and support the transition to sustainable energy storage technologies.
A comprehensive review reveals that biochar improves soil carbon storage, reduces greenhouse gases, and provides practical frameworks to measure its climate benefits. Biochar's dual carbon sequestration effect stores carbon directly while protecting existing soil organic carbon from decomposition.
Researchers developed a fast and energy-efficient way to produce advanced carbon materials capable of capturing carbon dioxide, dramatically reducing production time while improving adsorption performance. The new material demonstrates exceptional ability to capture and selectively separate carbon dioxide from gas mixtures.
Researchers develop calcium hydroxide modified biochar from discarded Camellia oleifera shells to remove ammonium and phosphate from water, showcasing strong adsorption performance. The material demonstrates potential for practical agricultural and industrial wastewater treatment, maintaining strong performance in real-world tests.
Scientists develop advanced biochar adsorbent using orange peel waste, achieving high adsorption capacity and recyclability for removing toxic dyes from wastewater. The material's unique structure provides multiple mechanisms for binding dye molecules, offering a promising solution to global challenges.
A new study reveals that biochar can create microenvironments that significantly reduce cadmium contamination in crops. By forming a distinct zone known as the 'charosphere,' biochar limits the mobility of toxic heavy metals like cadmium, resulting in reduced cadmium levels and improved crop safety.
Researchers find co-pyrolysis converts agricultural waste into valuable biochar, reducing emissions while improving soil health and sustainability. The process could cut millions of tons of emissions and deliver substantial carbon emission reductions.
Researchers introduce a framework linking biochar's internal structure to its performance in various applications. The physical genome framework unifies scattered findings and encourages future studies measuring multiple properties.
A new study shows that microwave-assisted pyrolysis can convert sugarcane bagasse into highly porous biochar with exceptional surface properties. The process produces biochar with a surface area exceeding 1,150 square meters per gram, making it suitable for applications such as pollutant adsorption and energy storage.
Researchers synthesize recent advances on biochar's potential to support cleaner water, lower carbon emissions, and renewable energy generation. Biochar's unique physical and chemical properties make it a critical platform material connecting these systems within a circular framework.
A new special issue explores how artificial intelligence can enhance soil carbon storage and ecosystem health in farmlands, forests, and grasslands. The journal Biochar publishes original studies on biochar production, processing, and applications.
Researchers found that biochar produced at high temperatures can effectively immobilize cadmium in soil, while low-temperature biochar may increase metal uptake by crops. The study highlights the importance of considering biochar production temperature and microbial interactions for effective heavy metal remediation.
A new study urges a realistic and systems-based path forward for biochar deployment, highlighting technical variability, policy gaps, and sustainability constraints. The authors argue that biochar can be a powerful tool when designed with its limits in mind, but only if viewed as critical infrastructure within a circular economy.
A new study finds that a widely used nitrification inhibitor can dramatically improve fertilizer efficiency and crop yields while sharply reducing nitrous oxide emissions. DMPP was consistently more effective than biochar at stabilizing nitrogen in calcareous soils.
The conference will feature sessions on biochar innovation and real-world impact in materials science, environmental policy, and sustainable agriculture. The journal Biochar and Carbon Research are also being promoted.
Researchers have combined molecular imprinting technology with biochar to create materials that can selectively target specific molecules, achieving high adsorption capacity and selectivity. These smart sorbents show promise for efficient pollution control in complex mixtures and at low concentrations.
A new review highlights how converting biomass into gaseous fuels like hydrogen, methane, and syngas can play a critical role in the global transition to low-carbon energy systems. Biomass-based gaseous fuels can be used for electricity generation, industrial heat, transportation, and as building blocks for chemicals and synthetic fuels.
Animal manure biochar effectively removes hazardous pollutants such as dyes, antibiotics and heavy metals from wastewater. The material's surface chemistry and mineral content support mechanisms like electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding and ion exchange.
This webinar discusses the potential of bio-based carbon capture to deliver up to 6.7 gigatonnes of CO2-equivalent mitigation annually by 2050. It explores how biomass can transform climate mitigation, offering scalable and equitable pathways to net-zero.
A new study found that black carbon formed during wheat straw burning can significantly reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in soil and soybean crops. Black carbon altered nutrient availability, modified the physical and chemical aging of mulch films, contributing to reduced gene transfer.
Researchers found that heat waves across Africa are now hotter, longer, and more frequent, mainly due to human activities. The study aimed to fill the knowledge gap on climate extremes in Africa and provide insights for mitigation and adaptation strategies.
Researchers used SPARTAN network data to find black carbon concentrations in low- and middle-income areas across the Global South were grossly underestimated, with up to a two-fold underestimation. The study highlights the need for renewed attention to characterizing harmful black carbon in these regions.
Researchers found a positive correlation between exposure to black carbon and the likelihood of hospital visits for respiratory-related issues, particularly among older adults and women. The study also highlights the disproportionate impact of air pollution on certain populations.
A recent USC study found associations between increased exposure to wildfire smoke and heat stress during preconception and the first trimester with the odds of having a small-for-gestational-age infant. Living in a climate-vulnerable neighborhood can increase these risks, particularly for women exposed to heat stress.
Researchers found that COPD patients have a larger accumulation of carbon deposits in their alveolar macrophage cells, which grow abnormally large and cause inflammation. This buildup is associated with worsened lung function.
A new study found that electrifying the Caltrain commuter rail line reduced riders' exposure to black carbon by an average of 89%, cutting excess cancer deaths by 51 per 1 million people. The study's findings support the case for electrifying U.S. rail systems, which still rely on old diesel locomotives.
Scientists have discovered that adding carbon to metal nanoparticles makes them 200 times more active, which could lead to significant cost savings and improved efficiency in industrial processes. The discovery was made possible by precise measurements and simulations of the interaction between metal nanoparticles and a carbon substrate.
Researchers harvested climate-smart soybeans in a $5 million USDA project aiming to reduce GHG emissions while increasing crop production. The crop was grown using five climate-smart practices, including earlier planting and soil conservation.
Washington University researchers have made new measurements of black carbon in pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) clouds, which are extremely hot and can linger for months. The study found that these particles absorb visible sunlight two times as much as those from smaller fires and urban sources.
Jordan Brown, a postdoctoral research associate at UTA, received a Postdoctoral Research Fellowship from the NSF to analyze bird specimens from European museums and track changes in air pollution levels. His research aims to understand how industrialization affected wildlife and contribute to the study of climate change.
A research team finds that local community members are indispensable partners in enhancing community engagement in repairing damaged ecosystems. Local values and attitudes play a crucial role in promoting sustainable ecosystem management practices.
A UC Riverside study found that large fires in California create a self-sustaining cycle of heat and dryness, making it easier for new fires to start. The extra heat reduces humidity, allowing conditions to become favorable for more fire.
A study published in Environmental Research found a significant association between black carbon particles and cardiac fibrosis, a marker of heart disease. The risk is higher for hypertensive individuals, with smokers facing the highest risks among non-hypertensive individuals.
Researchers identify a degradation process that accelerates refractory pyrogenic carbon in coastal sediments. Seawater microdroplets facilitate this electrochemical degradation through interfacial electron transfer pathways, contributing to the ocean's carbon cycle.
A new portable sensor has been found to accurately measure black carbon concentrations as well as a regulatory standard sensor, filling a massive gap in air quality monitoring. The sensor's portability and affordability make it suitable for remote or inaccessible sites, allowing for more comprehensive data collection.
Researchers found that intense fires in the region were more likely caused by human activities like war than climate change. The study used sediment cores to analyze black carbon and soot deposits from Tianchi Lake, dating back 6,000 years.
A new study by the University of Eastern Finland found that preheating a vehicle has minimal effects on both fuel economy and emissions under cold winter conditions. While preheating showed some benefits in terms of engine comfort and wear reduction, its impact on overall fuel consumption was only slightly lower than after a cold start.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis discovered that wildfires emit dark brown carbon, a potent climate-warming particle that absorbs solar radiation. This finding has broad implications for climate models and highlights the need to revise existing approaches to account for the unexpected effects of brown carbon.
The study improves the accuracy of black carbon's refractive index, revealing it may contribute up to 16% to atmospheric warming, affecting climate models. The method developed can be applied to other particles in the atmosphere and ocean.
The University of Canterbury researchers found that rocket launches emit gases and particulates that damage the ozone layer. The study highlights the need for coordinated global action to protect the upper atmosphere environment.
Research reveals hydrothermal vents as a previously undiscovered source of dissolved black carbon in the oceans, transporting it thousands of kilometers away. This discovery sheds light on the ocean's role as a carbon sink and provides insights into the formation of recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon.
Research finds that black carbon aerosols from South Asia contribute to the melting of glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau, reducing precipitation and mass gain. The study reveals a 11% impact on average glacier mass loss in Tibet and 22% in the Himalayas since 2007.
Researchers found that deep-sea trenches store 500,000 to 1.5 million tonnes of black carbon annually, which is a significant contributor to the global carbon cycle. This organic material can also support microbial life forms, counteracting the rate of CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere.
A new study shows that precipitation events decrease atmospheric aerosol concentrations, particularly sulphate, in boreal forest environments. The researchers found significant formation of sulphate mass in non-precipitating clouds, which can improve the accuracy of climate models estimating aerosol transport.
Researchers at King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) have developed a more robust and realistic general method for dealing with wind-driven phenomena in geostatistical modeling, which promises to greatly improve the accuracy of pollutant dispersion prediction.
A new study published in Scientific Reports shows that selectively planting vegetation between roads and playgrounds can cut toxic air pollution reaching school children. Western red cedar tredges were found to be most effective at capturing particulate matter, with almost half of black carbon and 46% of fine particles eliminated.
A study in Slovenia's Dinaric Alps found that wood burning in winter creates temperature inversions, trapping pollutants like soot and fine dust in valley bottoms. This can lead to high levels of particulate matter comparable to city centers, posing health risks.
Scientists have developed a new method to estimate the impact of black carbon from wildfires on climate change, using measurements of light absorption by coated soot particles. The study provides a more accurate way to forecast global climate change and resolves a long-standing uncertainty in earth system models.
A new study suggests that cutting emissions of carbon dioxide and other largely neglected climate pollutants is crucial to stay below the 1.5°C guardrail and avoid catastrophic climate change. The study finds that adopting a 'dual strategy' can cut the rate of warming in half by 2050.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed a seashell-inspired coating that can protect materials from mechanical, shock, and thermal insults. The coating is made from thin layers of confectioners' sugar, silica, and carbon black, and has been shown to be lightweight, mechanically strong, and thermally stable.
Exposure to certain air pollutants is associated with a greater likelihood of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. The study found a significant link between traffic-related pollutants and COVID-19 infection risk, suggesting that improving air quality may have public health benefits.
Researchers found that brown carbon from biomass burning contributes significantly to Arctic warming, exceeding previous estimates. The study highlights the importance of wildfire mitigation and suggests a positive feedback loop where increased wildfires emit more brown carbon aerosols, further heating the earth.
A Rice University-led study finds that gas flaring from oil and gas fields in the US contributed to dozens of premature deaths in 2019 due to black carbon particle emissions. The researchers estimated that 26-53 deaths were directly attributable to air quality associated with flares.
The study found that black carbon decreased significantly in Beijing since the implementation of the Clean Air Action Plan, with a 71% reduction over nine years. However, this decrease was not accompanied by an equivalent decrease in aerosol extinction coefficient, leading to mixed effects on optical properties.
Researchers have standardized black carbon measurements in the Arctic, improving our understanding of climate change. By correlating absorption coefficients with COSMOS measurements, they derived reliable conversion factors for various instruments, enabling more accurate climate modeling and air quality assessments.