Articles tagged with Age Groups
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Early adoption of Tobacco 21 policies maximizes potential mortality reductions, but enforcement varies widely across states. The federal law's enforcement is crucial in states without state-level T21 policies.
A cohort of 1,500 children found cardiovascular health scores began to decline at approximately age 10, associated with health behaviors. This study identifies modifiable health behaviors for prevention efforts to optimize CVH in early life and may contribute to disparities in adulthood.
A recent study found that post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) affects approximately 8.4% of US adults, with significant differences observed across various demographic groups. Currently, 3.6% of adults have PCC, and a notable 2.3% experience activity-limiting PCC.
The Pfizer-BioNTech XBB vaccine provided protection against severe COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations among children aged 5-17 during the 2023-2024 season. The vaccine showed an estimated vaccine effectiveness of 63-73% in preventing severe illness.
A study by Curtin University found that when cigarette prices increased, cannabis use among older Australians (aged over 50) rose, with 68,000 people expected to start using cannabis. Researchers used data from the Australian National Drug Strategy Household Survey and ran simulations to predict the impact of price increases.
A recent study found that US older adults aged 50-80 commonly experience loneliness and social isolation, with high rates reported across various sociodemographic groups. These findings highlight the significant impact of social isolation on physical and mental health in this age group.
Researchers at the University of the Arts Helsinki found that art and cultural activities support social factors, foster a sense of belonging, and improve stress management. Engagement in creative activities positively impacts well-being across all age groups, from newborns to the elderly.
A significant drop in cervical cancer mortality among US women younger than age 25 has been observed, according to a recent study published in JAMA Network. The findings indicate that widespread HPV vaccination is driving this decline, reducing the prevalence of HPV infection and subsequent cervical cancer incidence.
The study found that irritability was the most common systemic reaction in children under 2 years, followed by fever and fatigue or sleepiness. Maternal vaccination is thought to be a factor in the higher prevalence of reactions after the first dose.
A cohort study reveals racial and ethnic variations in early-onset colorectal cancer mortality, with Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and non-Hispanic Black individuals facing the highest burden. Social determinants of health play a significant role in explaining these disparities.
A pooled analysis of four multinational cohort studies found consistent associations between physical activity and reduced all-cause mortality risk throughout adulthood. The promotion of regular physical activity is essential for reducing mortality risk at all stages of adult life.
The Greenlight Plus trial found that technological interventions and policies can help prevent childhood obesity at an early age. The study suggests that targeted prevention efforts can reduce the risk of obesity in children, setting a promising foundation for future prevention strategies.
A new USC study reveals that face masks make it harder for people of all ages to recognize emotions, especially sadness, behind masks. Parents reporting high stress levels struggle even more to decode sad emotions.
Hospitalization rates for alcohol-induced liver disease rose significantly between 2005 and 2021, with greater absolute increases among older males than younger females. The study highlights the growing burden of this condition and underscores the importance of addressing alcohol-related liver disease.
A large cohort study found that young adults with type 2 diabetes ages 20-39 who had low incomes were more likely to die prematurely. The study highlights the need for socioeconomic support to address income-related health disparities among younger individuals.
A time-series study found heat waves associated with increased adverse health events among 65-year-olds, highlighting the need for heat adaptation strategies. Dually eligible individuals face vulnerable outcomes without such measures.
The book uses a 'history from below' approach to center the voices of petitioners, revealing how they framed their demands using language like justice, rights, and equity. Through over 4,000 petitions, Dr. Bright Alozie shows the significance of this genre in shaping colonial society and influencing decision-making.
A longitudinal cohort study found no significant associations between prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and child neurodevelopment outcomes in the first two years of life. Follow-up research is needed to determine if these effects persist into later childhood.
The study finds significant disparities in well-being among racial and ethnic groups, as well as across sex and age groups. American Indian and Alaska Native individuals, and Black males, face the most significant challenges to overall well-being.
The study highlights widening cancer disparities across Human Development Index regions, age, and sex. Strengthening healthcare access and quality is crucial for evidence-based cancer prevention, diagnostics, and care.
A new study has found that Canadian women who did not identify as White have an earlier peak age of breast cancer diagnosis and higher proportions of cases diagnosed under age 50. They also experience an earlier peak age of death, with a 7-year gap in mortality rates compared to their White counterparts.
Light ex-smokers experience a CVD risk reduction similar to never-smokers within years of smoking cessation. Heavy ex-smokers require longer periods, up to 25 years, for their residual CVD risk to align with that of never-smokers.
A US cohort study found that prenatal cannabis exposure was associated with differences in executive function and aggressive behavior in children at age 5. The study's results may inform clinical recommendations on cannabis use during pregnancy.
The study found an estimated 2.56% of US adults 40 years and older have glaucoma, highlighting the need for public health planning. Disproportionate impact on black individuals underscores the importance of targeted prevention efforts.
A cohort study found no association between maternal COVID-19 exposure and abnormal neurodevelopmental screening results in children aged 24 months. Continued research is needed due to the developing fetal brain's sensitivity to maternal immune activation.
A Danish nationwide study found an association between levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) use and increased breast cancer risk in females ages 15 to 49. The absolute breast cancer risk is low, but the study revealed an excess risk of 14 per 10,000 females, which did not increase with duration of use.
A new study found that people with severe mental illness are more likely to experience fragility fractures than the general population. The researchers analyzed GP records of over 440,000 people between 2000 and 2018 and found a significant association between severe mental illness and fragility fractures.
The study found significant disparities in age-specific all-cause mortality across racial and ethnic groups, with the greatest relative increases seen in populations ages 25 to 64. These findings deviated from pre-pandemic patterns, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address health inequities.
US women between 20-44 years old have experienced declining vitamin A, C, and iron intake over the last two decades. This trend may have significant implications for maternal and fetal health. The study aims to identify these nutrient gaps and inform recommendations to improve intake.
Hospitalizations involving alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) are a significant concern, especially in high-risk individuals. The study found that AWS burden is comparable to complications of other chronic diseases.
A nationwide study found that Australians are buying too many clothes and need guidance on responsible disposal. The study revealed that age was the most significant factor in determining consumer clothing practices, with younger generations more likely to buy second-hand and repair clothes.
Children worldwide fail to meet WHO guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, highlighting the need for effective context-specific programs. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding factors influencing these behaviors in young children.
Prehospital encounters for opioid overdoses increased among US youth from 2018 to 2022, particularly among adolescents aged 12-17, which showed an upward trend both before and during the pandemic. Overall, trends were largely driven by those aged 18-24.
A new study by Boston University researchers found that the majority of social media posts from e-cigarette brands left out health warnings, despite a federal requirement to include them. The study used AI to analyze over 2,000 Instagram posts and discovered that only 13% complied with FDA health warning requirements.
A recent study in Sweden found a significant decline in both melanoma incidence and mortality among individuals aged 30-49. The causes of this downward trend are unclear but may be attributed to increased UV protection, public health campaigns, demographic changes, or advancements in melanoma treatment.
A study found that RSV vaccination significantly reduced hospitalization risk among adults 60+ in the US, offering protection against severe RSV disease. The vaccine demonstrated effectiveness in high-risk populations, including those over 75 and with immunocompromising conditions.
A study found that children as young as six can contribute to group projects when there are clear and common goals. The researchers used a game where children worked together to fill a pool with water, with benefits for the whole group but individual costs. The results showed that most groups achieved their objectives and cooperated, e...
A cross-sectional study found that school districts using virtual learning during the pandemic had substantially higher chronic absenteeism rates compared to those with in-person learning. The study highlights the need for policymakers to develop strategies to reduce chronic absenteeism and utilize virtual learning effectively.
Researchers developed a tool to identify high-risk children and adolescents with pediatric postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as long COVID. The study found that symptoms differed by age group, with some similarities but distinct patterns across childhood ages.
A study of 1,300 emerging adolescents found that higher parental technoference levels were associated with increased anxiety symptoms, inattention, and hyperactivity. The findings highlight the need for parents and emerging adolescents to discuss digital technology use and mental health as part of routine care.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found a significant association between cumulative adverse childhood experiences and adult household firearm ownership. Individuals with a history of abuse, neglect, or household dysfunction were more likely to own firearms as adults, possibly due to heightened vulnerability to physical violence.
Child tablet use at age 3.5 years was associated with more expressions of anger and frustration by the age of 4.5 years, suggesting a potential cycle deleterious for emotional regulation. Later, child proneness to anger/frustration at age 4.5 years was linked to increased tablet use by age 5.5 years.
This study highlights small to moderate effect sizes of early childhood screen use on cognition and social skills, emphasizing the importance of considering context when making recommendations; intentional and productive screen use, age-appropriate content, and co-use with caregivers are key factors.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that body appreciation varies across cultures, with significant differences between Western and non-Western countries. Black Nigerian women reported the highest level of body appreciation, while White Western women reported the lowest. The study also found that internalization of thin ideals and soci...
A study found that city-level sugar-sweetened beverage taxes are associated with lower body mass index percentile among youth. Policymakers may consider implementing such taxes to prevent or reduce youth overweight and obesity, ultimately reducing chronic disease risk, particularly among children under 12.
The study found a disproportionate increase in female suicide rates relative to male preteens between 2001 and 2022. Suicide was the 5th leading cause of death among both males and females during this period.
Researchers studied Alzheimer disease blood biomarkers and found a strong association with incident all-cause dementia risk. Biomarker levels increased with age and were linked to dementia starting in midlife.
A new study found that an electronic health record (EHR)-based nudge intervention significantly decreased low-value axillary surgery in older women with clinically node-negative, HR+/HER2− breast cancer. The user-friendly intervention could be beneficial for other practice settings or patient populations.
A retrospective cohort study found hormone-modulating therapy protected against Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. The protective effect varied by age and race, with greater benefit for Black women under 75.
A cohort study found increased patient coinsurance in Medicare Part D's coverage gap and catastrophic coverage phases at age 65, associated with higher spending on T2D medications. This may lead to reduced diabetes medication utilization, increasing the risk of nonadherence and complications.
Nearly 20,000 US youth deaths could be avoided if US infant mortality rates matched those of 16 comparison countries. The study highlights the need for improved healthcare and interventions to reduce US youth mortality rates.
Research emphasizes the impact of parental factors on offspring's health outcomes. The study discovered a significant association between parents' weight status at 17 and their children's risk of obesity. This finding suggests that health issues can be inherited across generations, with parental characteristics playing a crucial role.
The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine demonstrated strong protection against a range of COVID-19 outcomes, including hospital admission. Annual updates to the vaccine are recommended due to waning immunity from older versions.
A cohort study of 10,634 participants reveals that childhood risk factors are associated with adult cardiovascular disease. The study highlights the importance of intervening in childhood to reduce the incidence of adult CVD, particularly for body mass index (BMI) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
The USPSTF recommends providing or referring children and adolescents with a high body mass index (BMI) to comprehensive behavioral interventions. Approximately 19.7% of US children aged 2-19 have a BMI at or above the 95th percentile, with higher prevalence among Hispanic/Latino, Native American/Alaska Native, and lower-income families.
A cohort study found that severe dust exposure increased the risk of dementia in World Trade Center responders under 65. Using personalized protective equipment may prevent this age of onset, according to the research.
Generation X sees gains in leading cancers, but lower rates of lung and cervical cancers compared to previous generations. Cancer incidence could remain high for decades if current trends continue.
Using three definitions of iron deficiency, researchers found significant variations in prevalence rates among women in the US and Canada. Higher serum ferritin thresholds led to a greater diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency, resulting in reduced morbidity.
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends exercise interventions for older adults at increased risk of falls, considering prior falls, medical conditions, and patient values. The overall net benefit is small, making a personalized approach necessary to balance benefits and harms.
A study of 370 patients undergoing elective surgery found that those with higher levels of awareness about anesthesia had better understanding of general and local anesthesia. Patients who underwent surgeries related to eyes, nose, and throat scored higher on the knowledge test due to limited sources of information.