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Science News Archive June 2022 - Page 35


Page 35 of 40

New study deepens understanding of how animals see, and what colors

Researchers gathered vision data on hundreds of vertebrates and invertebrates, determining that land animals can see a wider range of colors. The study found that evolutionary history influences which colors a species sees, with invertebrates better suited to detecting short wavelengths of light.

SourceUniversity of Arkansas·JournalProceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJun 6, 2022

More responsive phototransistors thanks to clean doping strategy

Researchers successfully developed neutron-transmutation doping for 2D layered Indium Selenide (InSe) phototransistors, narrowing the bandgap and increasing electron mobility. The technique improved responsivity by about fifty times, opening up new opportunities in materials-based technologies.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournaleLight·DateJun 6, 2022

"Bridge therapy” may benefit some children with high-risk neuroblastoma

Researchers found that a bridge therapy approach prior to consolidation therapy can improve event-free survival in patients with stable metastatic cancer after induction therapy. Patients who received this treatment had significantly better outcomes compared to those who underwent direct consolidation or post-induction therapy alone.

SourceWiley·JournalCancer·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJun 6, 2022
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Researchers find epigenetic changes during pregnancy may contribute to the development of asthma

A study found epigenetic differences in airway cells of patients with asthma who have asthmatic mothers, suggesting impaired immune responses and potential new therapies for this subtype of asthma. The research was conducted in a diverse population and replicated in independent children's cells.

SourceUniversity of Chicago Medical Center·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 6, 2022

Glasses shake things up

Scientists found that certain dynamical defects help explain the allowed vibrational modes inside amorphous solids, like glasses. These findings may lead to controlling the properties of amorphous materials.

SourceInstitute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo·JournalNature Physics·DateJun 6, 2022

An edible QR code takes a shot at fake whiskey

Researchers at Purdue University have developed edible fluorescent silk tags with QR codes to verify whiskey authenticity, which can be activated with a smartphone scan. The technology has the potential to combat fake medications and address counterfeiting issues worldwide.

SourcePurdue University·JournalACS Central Science·TypeObservational study·DateJun 6, 2022

Salt may be the key to life on Earth and beyond

Researchers at Purdue University found that the presence of salt in seawater can impact a planet's habitability, with saltier oceans tending to result in warmer climates. This discovery may allow life beyond our solar system to exist further from its host star than previously thought.

SourcePurdue University·JournalGeophysical Research Letters·DateJun 6, 2022

Study suggests menthol cigarettes increase youth smoking, nicotine addiction

A nationally representative study found that menthol cigarettes increase frequency of smoking among US youth, leading to higher nicotine dependence. The study suggests a strong case for the FDA's proposed ban on menthol flavoring in cigarettes to protect young smokers.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalJAMA Network Open·TypeObservational study·DateJun 6, 2022
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Physical mechanisms explaining DNA and RNA twist changes

Researchers developed a simple physical model to explain DNA deformations caused by ions and temperature changes. The model reveals that salt-induced twist changes are driven by electrostatic interactions, while temperature-induced changes are related to DNA diameter variation. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mec...

SourceCity University of Hong Kong·JournalScience Advances·TypeObservational study·DateJun 6, 2022

A novel all-optical switching method makes optical computing and communication systems more power-efficient

A novel all-optical switching method has been developed to make optical computing and communication systems more power-efficient. The method utilizes the quantum optical phenomenon of Enhancement of Index of Refraction (EIR) to achieve ultrafast switching times, ultralow threshold control power, and high switching efficiency.

SourceTampere University·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 6, 2022

Studies reveal new insights into gut microbiome impact on immunotherapy response in multiple cancers, including glioblastoma

Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center found distinct gut microbiome signatures associated with immunotherapy response in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. The study identified a link between gut microbiome signatures and immune checkpoint blockade response in melanoma, NSCLC, and sarcoma.

SourceUniversity of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center·DateJun 6, 2022

Researchers find epigenetic changes during pregnancy may contribute to the development of asthma

A new study by University of Chicago researchers found epigenetic differences in airway cells of patients with asthma who have asthmatic mothers, contributing to the development of severe asthma. The findings suggest that impaired immune responses may be an underlying cause of lack of therapeutic response to corticosteroids.

SourceUniversity of Chicago·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 6, 2022
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Blue Micro-LED + Red/Green QDs > 120% NTSC

Scientists develop a method to suppress the crosstalk effect in top-emitting micro-LED-based displays by filling the space between each chip with a light-blocking matrix. The resulting full-color display prototype achieves a color gamut of up to 122% NTSC, surpassing conventional displays.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight: Advanced Manufacturing·DateJun 6, 2022

Cover crops not enough to improve soil after decades of continuous corn

Researchers found that short-term cover crop use cannot reverse decades of soil microbial dynamics in response to unsustainable practices. Long-term fertilization disrupted nitrogen cycling communities, while cover crops enhanced biodiversity but had both positive and negative effects on soil microbes.

SourceUniversity of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences·JournalAgronomy·DateJun 6, 2022
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Cave findings explain a shift in lifestyle in ancient times

Archaeologists discovered a critical storage site for food and items in the Mugharat al-Kahf cave, revealing how inhabitants adapted to a mobile lifestyle after a significant aridification event. The findings provide new insights into non-funerary characteristics of communities during this period.

SourceResearch Institute for Humanity and Nature·JournalArabian archaeology and epigraphy·TypeSurvey·DateJun 6, 2022

Improved progression-free survival in multiple myeloma patients following three-drug therapy with autologous stem cell transplant

A new study found that patients with multiple myeloma who received a three-drug combination therapy had improved progression-free survival if they underwent an autologous stem cell transplant soon after treatment. The use of maintenance lenalidomide also conferred substantial clinical benefit.

SourceDana-Farber Cancer Institute·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJun 5, 2022

A randomized study of temozolomide or temozolomide and capecitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: Final analysis of efficacy and evaluation of MGMT (ECOG-ACRIN E2211)

A randomized study of temozolomide or temozolomide and capecitabine found the combination to be effective in treating advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, with a median overall survival of 53.8 months. Patients with MGMT deficiency showed greater odds of response.

SourceYale University·DateJun 5, 2022

Intersecting light beams key in transformative 3D printer potential

Researchers at Queensland University of Technology have developed a new method for controlling chemical reactions using intersecting light beams, paving the way for faster and more efficient 3D printing. This technology enables the simultaneous activation of multiple molecules, leading to the formation of solid materials.

SourceQueensland University of Technology·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 5, 2022
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Sharp X-ray images despite imperfect lenses

A team from the Institute for X-ray Physics at the University of Göttingen has developed a new method for X-ray microscopy that uses imperfect lenses to achieve higher image quality and sharpness. The researchers used a lens consisting of finely structured layers deposited on a thin wire and adjusted it between the object to be imaged ...

SourceUniversity of Göttingen·JournalPhysical Review Letters·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 5, 2022

Sanoff offers perspective on a promising rectal cancer study in the New England Journal of Medicine

A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that dostarlimab was effective in treating a subtype of rectal cancer, showing remarkable responses and resolving difficult symptoms. The treatment offers a more effective and less toxic alternative to traditional chemotherapy and radiation.

SourceUNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateJun 5, 2022

Novel silver hollow fiber boosts carbon dioxide electroreduction

A new electrode design boosts carbon dioxide electroreduction, converting CO2 to CO with 54% efficiency and stable large current densities. The results demonstrate a promising approach for scalable CO2 abatement and renewable energy consumption.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalNature Communications·DateJun 5, 2022
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Smog clears on car exhaust catalyst design

Researchers at KAUST developed a new exhaust catalyst concept that can effectively remove NOx from vehicle emissions, resolving an ongoing debate over additive atoms in the catalyst mix. The team identified the ideal atomic recipe to catalytically remove NOx from diesel car tailpipes.

SourceKing Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST)·JournalNature Communications·DateJun 5, 2022

Mothers-to-be who follow a high-salt diet put their children’s future health at risk

Research suggests that mothers-to-be on high-salt diets may increase their children's risk of developing hypertension and cardiovascular conditions. The study found that offspring exposed to a high-salt environment in utero had higher blood pressure and increased predisposition to hypertension, even after weaning.

SourceKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.·JournalGynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 5, 2022

Red pandas face a fractured future

A new study reveals that red pandas are being driven closer to extinction due to human activities such as infrastructure projects and habitat fragmentation. The research suggests that minimizing human-induced disturbances is crucial for the survival of this species.

SourceUniversity of Queensland·JournalLandscape Ecology·DateJun 5, 2022
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Study shows that excessively high BMI is also associated with type 1 diabetes in otherwise healthy adolescents – not just the type 2 form usually associated with excess weight

A nationwide study found a significant association between excessive BMI in late adolescence and the development of type 1 diabetes in young adulthood. The researchers analyzed data from over 1.4 million adolescents and found that those with obesity had double the risk of developing type 1 diabetes compared to those with optimal BMI.

SourceDiabetologia·JournalDiabetologia·DateJun 4, 2022

Pregnant woman wins 22-day-long battle against COVID-19

A pregnant woman battled COVID-19 for 22 days before receiving life-saving ECMO treatment. After a successful delivery of a healthy baby boy via emergency C-section, the mother made a full recovery with extensive physiotherapy.

SourceThe European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC)·DateJun 4, 2022
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Trial examines combo immunotherapy for treatment-resistant ovarian cancer

A Phase 3 clinical trial is investigating the effectiveness of a combination of two immunotherapy drugs, nemvaluekin alfa and pembrolizumab, compared to standard chemotherapy for patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. The trial aims to provide a novel treatment option with better efficacy and safety profiles.

SourceUniversity of Cincinnati·DateJun 4, 2022

Miniproteins that can launch two-pronged attacks on viral proteins

Researchers designed artificial peptides that can bind to viral proteins, blocking entry into cells and causing viruses to clump together. These 'miniproteins' were found to be thermostable and safe for use in humans, with promising results in lab tests and animal models.

SourceIndian Institute of Science (IISc)·JournalNature Chemical Biology·DateJun 4, 2022

Custom program helps people living with diabetes control blood sugar, weight

A customized WeightWatchers program has been shown to effectively manage Type 2 diabetes by lowering blood glucose levels and promoting significant weight loss. Participants in the six-month clinical trial experienced improved glycemic control and overall well-being, with clinically meaningful and statistically significant results.

SourcePennington Biomedical Research Center·JournalDiabetes·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJun 4, 2022
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

German study links long-term exposure to air pollution before the pandemic to greater risk of severe COVID-19

A German study has found a link between long-term exposure to air pollution and the severity of COVID-19 disease. The research, presented at the Euroanaesthesia Congress in Milan, Italy, found that counties with higher levels of nitrogen dioxide had more ICU beds occupied and mechanical ventilation needed for COVID-19 patients.

SourceThe European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC)·DateJun 4, 2022

New insight: Socio-economic disparities in physical activity levels during the COVID-19 pandemic

A study by Kobe University researchers found significant socio-economic disparities in physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, with vulnerable populations experiencing reduced levels of activity. The findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring to address widening health disparities stemming from economic circumstances.

SourceKobe University·JournalPublic Health·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJun 3, 2022
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

New drug combination lengthens survival for some with lung cancer

A combination of ramucirumab and pembrolizumab reduced the risk of death by 31% compared to standard care in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients who had previously failed immunotherapy. The study found that these patients lived significantly longer, with a mean overall survival time of 14.6 months.

SourceYale University·DateJun 3, 2022

DNA moves steadily during interphase, providing cells robust housekeeping system

A recent study found that local DNA motion remains steady throughout interphase, allowing cells to conduct routine tasks like RNA transcription and DNA replication under similar nuclear environments. This steady-state motion provides a robust cellular system, unaffected by various nuclear changes.

SourceResearch Organization of Information and Systems·JournalScience Advances·DateJun 3, 2022

Catching microplastics with spider webs

A study by researchers at the University of Oldenburg found that spider webs are contaminated with varying levels of microplastic particles, including PET and PVC. The team discovered that the amount of plastic particles in the webs depends on location, with roads having high traffic volumes producing more microplastics.

SourceUniversity of Oldenburg·JournalScience of The Total Environment·TypeObservational study·DateJun 3, 2022

Novel immunotherapy mechanism suppresses breast cancer development

Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital discovered a novel immunotherapy mechanism that uses CD4+ T helper 2 cells to suppress breast cancer development. These cells force breast cancer cells to revert to benign breast gland cells, providing new insights into the treatment of this disease.

SourceMassachusetts General Hospital·JournalJournal of Experimental Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 3, 2022
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Novel method for early disease detection using DNA droplets

Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a computational DNA droplet that can recognize specific combinations of chemically synthesized microRNAs as biomarkers of tumors. The droplet can perform logic computing operations and detect multiple cancer biomarkers simultaneously.

SourceTokyo Institute of Technology·JournalAdvanced Functional Materials·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 3, 2022

New drug combination lengthened survival for some with lung cancer

A new drug combination of ramucirumab and pembrolizumab significantly extended overall survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients who had progressed on prior immunotherapy. The study found a 31% reduction in risk of death compared to standard therapy, with median overall survival times of 14.5 months.

SourceSWOG Cancer Research Network·JournalJournal of Clinical Oncology·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJun 3, 2022

Insulation from wood research proves better than existing plastic-based materials

Researchers developed a wood-based insulating material that offers superior thermal performance to existing plastic-based materials. The new aerogel-integrated wood material is created without adding additional substances and has the potential to replace fossil-based aerogels for energy efficiency and sustainable development.

SourceKTH, Royal Institute of Technology·JournalACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·DateJun 3, 2022

Ibrutinib with chemoimmunotherapy improved progression-free survival for newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma patients

The study found that combination chemoimmunotherapy with ibrutinib improved progression-free survival over standard chemoimmunotherapy in patients with previously untreated mantle cell lymphoma. The median PFS was 80.6 months with the ibrutinib combination versus 52.9 months in the control arm.

SourceUniversity of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·DateJun 3, 2022
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Grain boundaries go with the flow

A team of researchers from Rice University has modeled the dynamics of grain boundaries in polycrystalline materials using a rotating magnetic field technique. The study shows that grain boundaries can change readily in response to shear stress, and voids in these structures can act as sources and sinks for their movement.

SourceRice University·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 3, 2022
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

How we choose to end deforestation will impact future emissions

Researchers argue that the Glasgow Leaders' Declaration on Forests and Land Use is too vague regarding gross vs net deforestation. This distinction matters for carbon dioxide emissions. Stopping gross deforestation would significantly reduce emissions.

SourceInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 3, 2022

How plesiosaurs swam underwater

Researchers found that plesiosaurs used a unique swimming motion, twisting their flippers to create lift and propel themselves through the water. This was achieved by using muscles to twist the flippers around their long axis, allowing for efficient swimming without rotating the upper arm and thigh.

SourceRuhr-University Bochum·JournalPeerJ·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateJun 3, 2022

In first year of COVID-19 pandemic and after George Floyd’s death, rates of some crimes rose while others fell

A new study by Carnegie Mellon University analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and George Floyd's murder on crime rates in 28 US cities. The study found that homicides and auto thefts increased, while robberies and larcenies declined. The authors suggest that social unrest, economic conditions, and changed police behavior may b...

SourceCarnegie Mellon University·JournalStatistics and Public Policy·DateJun 3, 2022

Finally, after 40 years – a diagnosis

A 58-year-old woman from Armenia suffered from severe finger pain for over 40 years when knitting, which was later revealed to be caused by a rare benign glomus tumor under her fingernail. The tumor was successfully removed in a 30-minute operation, restoring the patient's quality of life and allowing her to return to her hobby.

SourceThe European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC)·DateJun 3, 2022
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.