Researchers have identified a connection between fast X-ray transients and neutron star mergers, with a record-setting X-ray flash lasting nearly ten minutes. The study provides strong evidence for a neutron star merger, with a measured redshift indicating the explosion occurred over six billion years ago.
Scientists at ETH Zurich develop method to disentangle X-ray diffraction patterns from two snapshots captured by a single detector exposure, enabling ultrafast structural changes in nanoscale objects to be observed. This breakthrough opens the door to studying rapid changes in nanoparticles.
Astronomers have observed a new phase of short GRBs, powered by a compact object merger, revealing a hidden X-ray chapter of cosmic collisions. The discovery opens a new window for multi-messenger astronomy, demonstrating Einstein Probe's unique capability to uncover new classes of transient phenomena.
The joint observations from the Einstein Probe and LHAASO reveal a 42-light-year-long X-ray tail near a pulsar, tracing the long journey of high-energy cosmic particles. The tail's direction matches the ultrahigh-energy gamma-ray emission, indicating that particles do not immediately diffuse isotropically after leaving their source.
Astronomers observed a rare cosmic event where a massive star's shock breakout was detected without a typical gamma-ray burst. The star's characteristics matched other supernovae that produced gamma-ray bursts, but no jet was found.
The study provides the largest, most uniform spectroscopic follow-up of X-ray sources ever assembled, capturing tens of thousands of X-ray-emitting galaxy clusters. It reveals that rapidly growing giant black holes were surprisingly common in the early Universe and more 'hidden' black holes have been uncovered.
A new perovskite detector film has been developed to improve X-ray imaging at lower doses, reducing image noise and preserving fine structural details. The detector's internal uniformity helps suppress noise, making it possible to capture clear images at ultralow doses.
A team of researchers has identified an accelerator of extremely high-energy cosmic-ray protons, called a proton PeVatron, in the Milky Way galaxy. The discovery was made possible by combining data from multiple experiments, including Tibet AS gamma, LHAASO, Fermi-LAT, and Chandra X-ray Observatory.
Researchers have developed a new ultra-low-light ghost imaging technique that achieves megapixel radiology with extremely low X-ray photon consumption. This approach has the potential to make medical X-ray diagnostics less risky and more accessible, especially for children, pregnant patients, and people needing frequent scans.
Researchers successfully acquired diagnostic X-rays in space, expanding crew health capabilities and paving the way for mission-critical non-medical tasks. The study found that portable X-ray machines are feasible in space, with no significant differences in image quality between pre-flight and inflight images.
Researchers created a hafnium-based scintillator that significantly improves light output, reduces optical crosstalk, and delivers ultrahigh resolution in X-ray imaging. The material's low defect density and optimized structure enable high sensitivity and excellent radiation stability.
The XMM-Newton and Chandra space telescopes have spotted the aftermath of three bright explosions echoing through the Milky Way's outer spiral arms. The team measured the distance to these echoes directly, finding two arms - Outer Scutum-Centaurus Arm and Outer Arm - lie up to 10% further away than previously thought.
Direct-type perovskite detectors have surpassed commercial alternatives in sensitivity and detection limits, but scaling up for large-area flat-panel X-ray imaging remains a challenge. The review discusses scalable material fabrication, backplane integration, and imaging performance optimization to enable widespread adoption of high-qu...
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is advancing towards initial operations with the inauguration of four Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) on October 15, 2026. The telescopes will enable groundbreaking gamma-ray astronomy, answering questions about dark matter.
Researchers developed transparent hybrid metal halide glass scintillators that overcome light scattering and monochromatic limitations in X-ray imaging. The materials achieved high spatial resolutions of 18.8 and 22.5 lp mm⁻¹, nearly twice those of previously reported crystalline composite counterparts.
Prof Chandra Sekhar, a globally respected leader in the industry, has made lasting contributions through his technical expertise and research leadership. He is internationally recognised for his work in indoor environmental quality, ventilation, and energy-efficient building performance.
The DAMPE collaboration has directly observed charge-dependent spectral softening of five primary cosmic-ray nuclei, confirming the Peters cycle model. This observation suggests a nearby cosmic-ray accelerator with a charge-dependent energy limit, providing new insights into cosmic-ray physics.
The LHAASO collaboration has detected ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma rays from a gamma-ray binary system, LS I +61° 303. The discovery suggests that high-energy protons are accelerated and collide with the dense surrounding stellar wind, producing these UHE gamma rays. This finding provides critical evidence for gamma-ray binaries as po...
A team of researchers at Kyoto University used NICER and Hisaki to study a superflare on the star UX Arietis, finding that photoionization is the dominant mechanism behind the iron Kα line. This discovery provides a diagnostic tool for astronomers to infer flare locations on stellar surfaces.
Scientists successfully built the smallest X-ray interferometer to measure how X-rays interact with atomic nuclei. This breakthrough technology enables precise measurement of X-ray refraction and provides new avenues for research.
A team of researchers developed a practical method to align lobster-eye X-ray optics for space telescopes, enabling the detection of distant gamma-ray bursts with high accuracy. The approach was tested on a prototype structure and achieved precise alignment within five arcminutes.
Scientists in Japan developed a high-resolution X-ray telescope using precision mirror-making technology, capable of distinguishing objects 3.5 mm wide from 1 km away. The telescope was tested on the ground using a unique evaluation system before launch on the FOXSI sounding rocket mission.
Astronomers detect rare cosmic burst from colliding galaxies, which sheds light on how the universe creates heavy elements like gold and platinum. The burst, known as GRB 230906A, is believed to have been triggered by the collision of two neutron stars, releasing a flood of energy and forging heavy elements.
Researchers developed a multilayer grating solution to enhance RIXS efficiency in the tender X-ray range, reducing acquisition time from hours to minutes. The new spectrometer covers both soft and tender X-ray regions, offering improved performance for studying 4d transition metal materials.
The Rubin Observatory has launched a real-time monitoring system, producing up to 7 million alerts per night, which will enable scientists to discover rare and unusual objects in the universe. The alerts will chronicle the treasure trove of scientific discoveries made through the observatory's time-lapse record of the universe.
A high-energy cosmic event detected by the China-led Einstein Probe space telescope may mark the moment when an intermediate-mass black hole tears apart and consumes a white dwarf star, according to astrophysicists from The University of Hong Kong. The team provided crucial theoretical judgement that led to the focus on this model.
Researchers at Florida State University have created new hybrid materials that can revolutionize X-ray detection technologies. These organic metal halide complexes (OMHCs) and hybrids (OMHHs) enable direct X-ray detection and produce low-cost scintillators with high light yield and fast response.
The European Southern Observatory (ESO) welcomes the cancellation of INNA, a planned industrial complex near Paranal Observatory. The project would have posed a major threat to the darkest skies on Earth and compromised the performance of advanced astronomical facilities.
The Rubin Observatory has discovered a record-breaking asteroid, nearly the size of eight football fields, rotating every two minutes. The fastest-spinning asteroid larger than 500 meters ever found is 710 meters in diameter and completes a full rotation every 1.88 minutes.
Researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute have successfully implemented mode-locking to generate coherent trains of X-ray pulses with unprecedented temporal structure. This achievement enables attosecond science and opens up new experimental possibilities, including precise timing of phenomena in gases, liquids, and solids.
The CTAO's southern array will be the first gamma-ray observatory to be built in Chile, providing new insights into high-energy Universe events. Construction began on the telescope foundations at ESO's Paranal site in Chile's Atacama Desert.
The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory has begun construction on its southern site in Chile, paving the way for the world's largest and most powerful observatory for gamma-ray astronomy. The CTAO will focus on understanding relativistic cosmic particles, probing extreme environments, and searching for dark matter.
The study reveals a relationship between X-ray luminosity and rotation velocity, with the accretion system changing during the faint phase. The height of the accretion column was found to change with the 10-year flux modulation.
New research reveals the structure of matter surrounding supermassive black holes has changed over cosmic time, challenging a fundamental assumption about their behavior. The study combines new X-ray observations to explore the relation between X-ray and ultraviolet light intensity of an unprecedentedly large sample of quasars.
A team of astronomers used multiple NSF NOIRLab facilities, including Gemini and Blanco telescopes, to study the longest gamma-ray burst ever witnessed. Analysis revealed that the event likely originated from a relativistic jet crashing into the surrounding material in a massive, extremely dusty galaxy.
Astronomers have observed a record-breaking gamma-ray burst that lasted nearly seven hours, challenging existing models for these events. The burst's unusual duration and properties suggest multiple possible causes, including the collapse of a massive star or the collision of exotic stellar remnants.
A team of researchers at Kyoto University used X-ray spectroscopy to measure the amount of chlorine and potassium inside a supernova remnant, revealing that these elements were created in intense environments deep inside stars. The study suggests that strong mixing inside massive stars can enhance the production of these elements.
A University of Adelaide study found that promotional cues, product placement, and pricing interventions can empower people experiencing food insecurity to select more nutritious foods. The intervention led to an increase in turnover of healthy options and a decline in discretionary snacks.
Researchers at Empa successfully X-rayed the entire satellite EURECA, revealing cracks in composite struts and deformations in scientific instruments. The study highlights the potential of high-energy X-ray imaging for non-destructive analysis of satellites.
The Israeli Femicide Observatory reports a sharp rise in femicide cases across Israel, with 44 women murdered between January and November 18. The report highlights key trends and calls for urgent policy action to address systemic failures in prevention and oversight.
Metal halide perovskites have higher X-ray sensitivities than semiconductors. However, nonlinear current responses arise under DC and irradiation, limiting device reliability. A novel AC bias capacitance readout strategy overcomes this challenge.
Researchers created a novel alignment method, DIANA, for high-efficiency X-ray optics by combining laser-interferometric tilt/yaw correction with Vernier/moiré-based lateral/rotational alignment. This technique enables precise stacking of X-ray Fresnel zone plates with sub-30-nanometer precision and addresses key challenges in FZP stac...
The University of the Witwatersrand has launched the Earth Observatory and CORES, aiming to drive innovation in the minerals sector. The observatory provides cutting-edge geoanalytical techniques, while CORES integrates economic geology, extractive processes, and data-driven innovation to promote sustainable mining practices.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories develop a new technology harnessing metals and light colors to create colored X-ray images with unprecedented resolution and accuracy. This enables better identification of materials, defects, and tumor cells, potentially leading to improved medical diagnostics and safer world.
Researchers propose a general method to grow multi-layer scintillators with high uniformity and radiation stability. The technique allows for efficient coupling of scintillators with specific energy X-ray response characteristics, enabling high-resolution multi-energy X-ray imaging for various applications.
A team of astronomers has detected an unprecedented gamma-ray burst (GRB) that repeated several times over the course of a day, defying current understanding of these powerful events. The source was pinpointed to be outside our galaxy, with evidence suggesting it may reside in another galaxy, several billion light-years away.
The XRISM observation revealed clear absorption lines from highly ionized iron at the system's faintest X-ray phase, providing a rare glimpse into hot gas structure and motion. The results suggest that even in low-luminosity states, highly ionized gas can be present around black holes.
A team of FSU chemists has developed a new form of X-ray materials that can meet the needs of large-area applications. They created amorphous films by combining non-crystalline organic molecules with metal halides, enabling efficient conversion of X-rays into electrical signals for image generation.
The Gemini North telescope has detected the long-predicted companion star of Betelgeuse for the first time. The companion star is six magnitudes fainter than Betelgeuse and has an estimated mass of around 1.5 times that of the Sun, confirming the presence of a stellar companion orbiting the red supergiant.
The NASA Roman Space Telescope team has completed installing solar panels on the observatory, a crucial step towards launch. The Solar Array Sun Shield will provide power and shade, keeping instruments cool for infrared observations.
A team of astronomers found that fast X-ray transients are associated with the explosive death of massive stars, including supernovae. The International Gemini Observatory and SOAR telescope observed the event, providing insight into its mechanisms.
LHAASO's groundbreaking results unveil a panoramic view of ultrahigh-energy gamma rays within the Milky Way, providing new insights into cosmic ray origins and extreme astrophysical processes. Four new discoveries include star-forming regions, pulsar wind nebulae, and young massive star clusters.
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory will capture the entire night sky every few nights, producing 20 terabytes of raw data nightly. Australian astronomers will have early access to this data, enabling discoveries across timescales never before possible.
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory has unveiled the first images of the sky obtained with its LSST camera, a 3200-megapixel resolution car-sized camera that can photograph 45 times the area of the full moon in just three nights. The high-definition images will provide unprecedented views of the southern sky and reveal faintest and furthest-...
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison achieved the shortest hard X-ray pulses to date through strong lasing phenomena. The resulting pulses can be used for visualizing electron motion inside molecules and have potential applications in quantum X-ray optics.
A global team tracked an unusual object emitting pulses of radio waves and X-rays lasting two minutes in the Milky Way galaxy. The object, ASKAP J1832-0911, is a long-period transient (LPT) located 15,000 light-years from Earth.
The Rubin Observatory will revolutionize our knowledge of the solar system by detecting millions of small bodies, including asteroids, comets and other minor planets. The observatory's innovative software, Sorcha, predicts that it will map over 127,000 near-Earth objects, 5 million main-belt asteroids and 109,000 Jupiter Trojans.
Researchers found that AI chatbots have difficulty detecting adverse drug reactions and providing personalized advice. The study suggests that improving AI for mental health concerns could be life-changing for communities with limited access to healthcare.
A team of astronomers from ICRAR discovered a new type of cosmic phenomenon called ASKAP J1832-0911, which emits pulses of radio waves and X-rays for two minutes every 44 minutes. This is the first time such an object has been detected in X-rays.
A new solar X-ray detector on board the MSS-1B satellite achieves high accuracy in detecting spectral characteristics of X-ray solar flares. The instrument features a wide energy range, high count rate, and excellent spectral resolution.