Researchers used computational modeling to simulate how electrons interact with manganese ions, predicting emission lines that could be useful for analyzing rapidly expanding objects like supernova remnants. The findings suggest that these emission lines could provide insight into the chemical evolution of galaxies, stars, and the univ...
A new study reveals that the Moon's soil can be decoded to reveal history of supernova explosions. Researchers developed a mathematical model to unscramble the lunar surface, providing guidance for future core samples. The model reveals insights into the history of our Solar System's journey through the galaxy.
Researchers have gained new insight into supernovae and X-ray bursts, shedding light on the nuclear reactions that power these cosmic events. The studies improved our understanding of titanium-44 production and the nickel-copper cycle's role in X-ray bursts.
Scientists found that a type of supernova explosion could create the necessary elements for planets, including water, around 100 million years after the Big Bang. This discovery suggests that planet formation may have occurred earlier than previously thought.
The Local Volume Mapper is capturing light to reveal the physics and chemistry of stellar birthplaces across vast expanses of the sky in unprecedented detail. Astronomers are analyzing specific spectral lines to map the precise temperature, density, chemical abundance, and motion of interstellar gas.
Astronomers observed a rare cosmic event where a massive star's shock breakout was detected without a typical gamma-ray burst. The star's characteristics matched other supernovae that produced gamma-ray bursts, but no jet was found.
Researchers have identified a unique case of a massive star's demise, marked by an exceptionally faint X-ray burst and the absence of high-velocity jets. This discovery challenges current supernova theories, which typically associate such events with gamma-ray bursts.
A team of researchers has discovered that supermassive black hole winds are 100 times more powerful than previously thought, carrying energy across 300,000 light-year distances. This finding demonstrates the explosive winds' impact on space beyond galaxies.
A team of researchers found that primordial black holes triggering Type Ia supernovae can explain several observed characteristics, including chemical abundance trends. The study suggests a non-zero fraction of PBH-triggered SN Ia is necessary to explain the trend in Milky Way stars.
Researchers have discovered stellar cocoons rich in complex organic molecules within a supernova remnant, indicating that newborn stars can remain protected and preserve their molecular composition. The study suggests that the environment of our Solar System's formation may be more diverse than previously recognized.
The Super-Kamiokande observatory has detected an indication of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB), a flux of neutrinos from many different supernovae over time. This breakthrough achievement provides a crucial clue for understanding the history of cosmic star formation and nucleosynthesis.
Researchers will analyze unique lunar samples, deep-sea sediments, and geological archives to detect rare radionuclides and shed light on nearby cosmic events. The project aims to reveal the history of our cosmic neighborhood and its possible influence on Earth's evolution.
A recent study challenges the widely accepted argument that the universe's expansion rate is accelerating, driven by 'dark energy' from the quantum vacuum. The research finds that cosmic expansion may be slowing down rather than speeding up.
The JUNO Collaboration has made the high-precision measurement of two key oscillation parameters, reducing associated uncertainties by a factor of 1.6 compared to past decades. This result validates detector performance and analysis methodology, establishing JUNO as a key player in precision neutrino oscillation physics.
New simulations reveal that neutrino fast flavor conversion affects core-collapse supernovae explosion mechanism, with impact depending on progenitor mass. The findings highlight the importance of accurate neutrino transport and provide a robust argument for FFC's role in CCSNe.
Philippenko, Nomoto, and Woosley received the $500,000 Gruber Cosmology Prize for their decades-long studies of supernovae, which have fundamentally influenced cosmology. They transformed supernovae from poorly understood stellar explosions into a basis for a quantitative framework.
A team of researchers developed new stellar and supernova models to explain the elemental abundance patterns in the Perseus constellation. The study revealed a profound mystery in the Perseus Cluster, requiring significant corrections to conventional theoretical models.
A new study introduces CIGaRS, a novel approach to derive highly precise estimates of cosmic distances and robust cosmological measurements. This method uses artificial intelligence and neural networks to disentangle the intrinsic effects on supernovae light from environmental factors.
The DAMPE collaboration has directly observed charge-dependent spectral softening of five primary cosmic-ray nuclei, confirming the Peters cycle model. This observation suggests a nearby cosmic-ray accelerator with a charge-dependent energy limit, providing new insights into cosmic-ray physics.
Astronomers have identified a metal-poor star in the Large Magellanic Cloud, which is almost entirely hydrogen and helium with trace amounts of carbon and iron. Studying this low-mass star can help clarify our understanding of the first generation of stars, called Population III stars.
A team of international researchers led by a UC Santa Barbara graduate student has confirmed a long-standing theory of stellar death by applying the principles of general relativity to a superluminous supernova. The discovery suggests that a magnetar, a rapidly spinning neutron star with a massive magnetic field, powers the supernova, ...
Astronomers have confirmed the connection between magnetars and superluminous supernovae, finding definitive evidence for a magnetar forming in the core collapse of a recent supernova. The discovery corroborates a theory proposed 16 years ago and establishes a new phenomenon in exploding stars.
Researchers at OIST and University of Turin developed a general formulation for mixing heavy particles with fluid, enabling study of fundamental physics phenomena and applied research in fluid engineering. Simulations reveal the formation of sediment plumes and the role of friction in particle interactions.
The REGALADE catalogue combines data from 14 widely used catalogues and deep imaging surveys to create a unified place for astronomers to look up galaxy distances and features. This results in precise distance and size measurements for all galaxies, as well as stellar masses for most of them.
The Crab Pulsar's unique zebra stripes are shaped by the combination of gravity's lensing effects and plasma's defocusing power. Light rays are spread apart by plasma and pulled inward by gravity, creating interference patterns that produce bright bands and darkness between them.
Astronomers have imaged and modeled an exceptionally rare supernova that could provide a new way to measure the universe's expansion rate. The supernova, known as SN Winny, is a superluminous stellar explosion 10 billion light-years away and appears five times in the night sky due to gravitational lensing.
Researchers discovered a star in the Andromeda Galaxy that vanished without going supernova, instead collapsing directly into a black hole. The team's analysis revealed the process of stellar collapse and provided evidence for convection's role in shaping a black hole's outer layers.
A team led by Columbia University professor Kishalay De observed a massive star in the Andromeda galaxy collapse directly into a black hole without exploding as a supernova. This event challenges long-held assumptions about stellar deaths, suggesting that stars with similar mass may or may not successfully explode.
Researchers have observed a massive star in the Andromeda Galaxy quietly dying and collapsing into a black hole without producing a supernova. The findings provide strong evidence for 'failed supernovae' producing stellar-mass black holes, which are difficult to detect due to weak energy signatures.
A team of physicists at UMass Amherst has proposed a new model for black holes, the 'dark charge' model, which explains high-energy neutrinos and solves cosmic mysteries. The model suggests that quasi-extremal primordial black holes, with a 'dark charge,' could be the missing link in explaining the universe's fundamental nature.
A Sydney PhD student has recreated a tiny piece of the Universe inside a bottle in her laboratory, producing cosmic dust from scratch. The results shed new light on how the chemical building blocks of life may have formed long before Earth existed.
Researchers from ICCUB led the most extensive observational study of runaway massive stars in the Milky Way, combining measurements of rotation speeds and binarity. The results reveal that most runaway stars rotate slowly, while those with high velocities are linked to supernova explosions or gravitational ejection.
Researchers have captured the first radio waves from a rare type of exploding star, revealing the star's final years. The discovery provides an unprecedented look at a massive star's behavior before its death in a supernova explosion.
Researchers at FRIB have measured proton capture on arsenic-73 to produce selenium-74, providing new constraints on the formation and destruction of p-nuclei. This experiment brings closer understanding of rare isotope origins in the universe.
Researchers at Kyoto University observe a peculiar supernova explosion, SN 2022esa, which reveals the birth of a black hole binary. The study provides new direction for understanding massive star evolution and black hole formation.
An international team of astronomers has detected a supernova at an unprecedented cosmic distance using the James Webb Space Telescope. The event, occurring when the universe was only about 730 million years old, provides a direct look at the final moments of a massive star from the era of reionisation.
Scientists have discovered a rare superkilonova event, which may have produced gravitational waves and light, as detected by LIGO and Virgo. The candidate kilonova AT2025ulz showed signs of a supernova before fading and brightening again in red wavelengths.
A team of researchers at Kyoto University used X-ray spectroscopy to measure the amount of chlorine and potassium inside a supernova remnant, revealing that these elements were created in intense environments deep inside stars. The study suggests that strong mixing inside massive stars can enhance the production of these elements.
Researchers at RIKEN successfully simulated the Milky Way Galaxy with over 100 billion individual stars, far surpassing previous state-of-the-art models. This achievement demonstrates the power of AI-accelerated simulations in tackling complex multi-scale problems in astrophysics and beyond.
Astronomers have observed the unique shape of a supernova explosion in unprecedented detail using ESO's VLT. The shape, resembling an olive, was revealed through spectropolarimetry, which allows for the measurement of polarisation and inference of object geometry.
Astrophysicists used simulations to uncover the missing piece that previous studies had overlooked: magnetic fields. They found that strong magnetic fields can slow down a black hole and carry away some of its stellar mass, creating lighter and more slowly spinning black holes.
A new study reveals that most massive stars in the early universe were born as binary systems, similar to those in our own galaxy. This finding provides the first strong evidence for the common existence of massive binary stars in the early universe, shaping black holes and supernovae.
A Northwestern University-led team of astronomers used NASA's James Webb Space Telescope to capture the most detailed glimpse yet of a doomed star before it exploded. The study reveals that massive red supergiants rarely explode due to thick clouds of dust, but JWST's new capabilities can pierce through the dust to spot these phenomena.
The scientific program includes presentations on new research in exotic and radioactive nuclei, quark-gluon plasma, nucleosynthesis, neutrinos, and more. Registration is now open for news media with valid APS press credentials.
Researchers have uncovered the step-by-step process of gas transport to form accretion disks in massive star-forming regions. The study reveals a striking layered system of gas flows, including spiral-like streams and a bar-like structure that funnels gas toward the center.
A team of physicists at UMass Amherst propose that we may soon observe an exploding primordial black hole, which could reveal the foundations of the universe and provide a definitive catalog of subatomic particles. This explosion would give us insight into the formation of black holes and the universe's primordial conditions shortly af...
A new type of supernova has been discovered, offering a rare glimpse into the depths of massive stars. The star, dubbed SN2021yfj, had lost its outer layers while still 'alive,' revealing a previously unknown inner layered structure and exposing hidden sites where heavy chemical elements are formed.
Astronomers discover stripped-down supernova with unusual chemical signature, providing evidence for the layered structure of stellar giants and unprecedented glimpse into a massive star's interior. The study reveals that stars can lose extensive material before exploding, challenging current theories on stellar evolution.
Astronomers have developed a protocol to detect supernovae within 24 hours of their explosion, using high-cadence sky surveys. The method involves rapid searches for candidates based on light signal absence and galaxy location, followed by spectroscopic observations to determine the type of supernova.
Using a combination of telescopes, an international team studied the closest FXT associated with a supernova, tracing it to a 'trapped' jet that produced high-energy particles. The findings explain the historically elusive phenomena and mark a significant step in understanding cosmic explosions.
The Gemini North telescope has detected the long-predicted companion star of Betelgeuse for the first time. The companion star is six magnitudes fainter than Betelgeuse and has an estimated mass of around 1.5 times that of the Sun, confirming the presence of a stellar companion orbiting the red supergiant.
A team of researchers has proposed that massive star collapse can create a 'neutrino collider,' leading to dramatic changes in supernova outcomes. This process could produce a neutron core or even a black hole remnant, depending on the presence of secret neutrino interactions.
A team of astronomers found that fast X-ray transients are associated with the explosive death of massive stars, including supernovae. The International Gemini Observatory and SOAR telescope observed the event, providing insight into its mechanisms.
Researchers have found visual evidence of a double detonation process in the remains of a star that exploded twice, providing new insights into the mechanism behind Type Ia supernovae. This discovery confirms a long-standing hypothesis and offers a tangible explanation for these cosmic events.
Researchers discovered high-velocity clouds in the nearby spiral galaxy M83, which moved at speeds significantly different from the galaxy's overall speed of rotation. The findings suggest that these clouds originated outside the galaxy, providing new insights into how galaxies acquire fresh gas and sustain star formation over billions...
Researchers used machine learning to simulate galaxy evolution and supernova explosions, achieving speeds four times faster than supercomputers. This breakthrough enables the study of galaxy origins, including the creation of the Milky Way's elements essential for life.
LHAASO's groundbreaking results unveil a panoramic view of ultrahigh-energy gamma rays within the Milky Way, providing new insights into cosmic ray origins and extreme astrophysical processes. Four new discoveries include star-forming regions, pulsar wind nebulae, and young massive star clusters.
A recent study suggests that supernovae may have caused abrupt climate shifts in Earth's history by interacting with the atmosphere and degrading greenhouse gases. The research matches known supernovae to climate shifts preserved in tree ring records and predicts potential effects on human society.
Researchers led by Shuo Zhang used multi-wavelength studies to identify pulsar wind nebulae as potential cosmic ray sources. The findings could help unlock fundamental questions in physics, such as galaxy evolution and dark matter.
Astronomers have discovered the most energetic cosmic explosions yet discovered, named 'extreme nuclear transients' (ENTs), which occur when massive stars are torn apart after wandering too close to a supermassive black hole. ENTs release vast amounts of energy visible across enormous distances and remain luminous for years.