Researchers at UD are developing a solar-driven carbon dioxide utilization technology to produce chemicals and fuels without using fossil sources. The system aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by utilizing carbon-neutral solar electricity.
A newly discovered extinct bird species, Jinguofortis perplexus, sheds light on early flight development and evolutionary variation. The fossil's unique traits, including a fused shoulder girdle, suggest different flying styles during the Cretaceous period.
A study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine found that using solid fuels for cooking is linked to a higher risk of hospitalization or death from respiratory diseases. The research, conducted in China, suggests that switching to clean-burning fuels can significantly lower this risk.
Scientists have discovered molecules of fat in an ancient fossil, confirming that animals existed on Earth 558 million years ago. The discovery of the strange creature Dickinsonia, which grew up to 1.4 meters in length, reveals a long-standing mystery about its true identity.
A new study used fossil cores from northeastern Italy to test a thought experiment on mass extinctions. The results showed that the fossil record can produce a misleading picture if not interpreted with care, suggesting smaller bursts of extinctions over a longer timeline rather than a single massive die-off.
Renewable biofuels have huge potential, but two main challenges need to be overcome: developing efficient microbial cell factories and converting biomass into sugars. The study suggests that improving these processes could make biomass-derived hydrocarbons a real alternative to fossil fuels.
A study of 341,730 Chinese adults found long-term use of solid fuels for cooking associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular death. Switching to electricity or gas reduced the negative impact of previous solid fuel use.
A new study by the University of Bristol has created a timescale for the origin and evolution of all life on Earth, revealing that life emerged around 4.5 billion years ago from a single ancestor called LUCA. The study uses genomic and fossil data to provide a more accurate timeline than previously thought.
Researchers at KAUST have combined computer analysis with laser-based measurements to understand NOx production pathways in different fuel types, finding that alcohol fuels produce up to 50% less nonthermal NOx than conventional fossil fuels.
Scientists have discovered a new species of lobopodian, an ancient relative of modern-day velvet worms, in 430 million-year-old Silurian rocks. The creature was fully three-dimensionally preserved and reconstructed using digital technology.
Researchers analyzed over 4,000 mosasaur fossil specimens to determine if quality impacts our understanding of past biodiversity. The study found that the rich fossil record provides an accurate picture of mosasaur diversity and evolutionary history despite variable completeness.
A new study forecasts up to 1,000 additional deaths annually in the Eastern US due to elevated air pollution from increased air conditioning use. The study suggests transitioning to clean energy sources like wind and solar power to mitigate these effects.
A fossil of a banana-eating bird ancestor was found in North America, dating back 52 million years. The discovery suggests these birds once thrived outside the tropics, with long legs indicating they may have been ground-dwelling.
International team of researchers warns that even with stringent climate policies, residual fossil fuel emissions could still cause CO2 emissions to endanger the climate targets agreed on by the international community. The study highlights the need for accelerated energy efficiency improvements and widespread electrification of energy...
Researchers have developed a catalyst that converts CO2 into liquid alcohols like ethanol and propanol, offering a potential solution for renewable transportation fuels. The new catalyst design enhances CO2 reduction by incorporating sulfur atoms and copper vacancies, inspiring more efficient catalysts.
The study finds that a radical shift towards renewable energy, energy efficiency, and measures to achieve SDGs is needed. Investments in low carbon energy will likely need to overtake fossil fuel investments as early as 2025.
Direct air capture technology captures CO2 from the atmosphere and converts it into fresh fuels, reducing carbon footprint of transportation with minimal disruption. The resulting fuels are compatible with existing infrastructure and have ultra-low life cycle carbon intensities.
A 'carbon bubble' is forming as global demand for fossil fuels declines, with major macroeconomic and geopolitical consequences. The study models the impact of declining demand on national economies, predicting that producer countries like the USA and Russia will lose GDP growth, while importing countries like China and the EU will gain.
A new study suggests that the global economy is facing a potential $1-4 trillion loss in fossil fuel assets, regardless of climate policies. The 'carbon bubble' is expected to burst due to declining demand for fossil fuels and technological advancements in low-carbon technologies.
Researchers have discovered a way to harness bismuth's unique property, called catalytic plasticity, to convert carbon dioxide into liquid fuels and industrial chemicals. This approach could potentially provide sustainable routes to making fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers are working to develop commercially valuable products from plant materials, including chemicals, fuels and industrial materials. The goal is to make biobased products more cost-effective by using lignin and other plant components.
A new technique doubles the conversion of carbon dioxide to an essential plastic component, ethylene. The approach uses copper coated with polyacrylamide to increase efficiency, offering a promising method for recycling CO2 and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
A comprehensive analysis of fossil euarthropods suggests the 'Cambrian Explosion' was a gradual process, with the origin of animals dating back to around 550 million years ago. The study challenges two competing hypotheses on early animal evolution, presenting a middle-ground between slow and rapid evolution.
Researchers at Indiana University have developed a method to identify communities that may be negatively affected by clean energy policies. The tool uses the Vulnerability Scoping Diagram to pinpoint populations at highest risk for negative socioeconomic consequences.
A team of renewable energy experts at the University of Exeter has developed a new method to produce hydrogen from sunlight using a revolutionary photo-electrode. This breakthrough could create a virtually limitless energy source with zero carbon emissions and double the energy density of fossil fuels.
Mattershift, a UConn-backed startup, has developed carbon nanotube technology for mass-producing carbon-zero fuels, fertilizers, and pharmaceuticals. The company aims to remove CO2 from the air and convert it into usable fuels at a lower cost than fossil fuels.
Research suggests that uneven fossil sampling patterns, rather than climate dynamics, are the primary driver of fluctuations in early hominin species diversity. Peak taxic diversity was linked to maximal rock exposure and collection effort.
A team of researchers led by Imperial College London has developed a new technique to estimate CO2 emissions from fossil fuels using atmospheric measurements. The study found that the reported and actual emissions matched up well in California, suggesting the technique could be used globally.
A study of 271,217 Chinese adults found that using solid fuels for cooking and heating was associated with a higher risk of death. Switching to cleaner fuels like gas, electricity, or central heating significantly reduced mortality rates.
A new insect fossil discovery highlights a striking resemblance between Canadian and Russian fossils from the same age period, further solidifying an ancient connection between the two regions. The similarity is remarkable, with only the wing color distinguishing the two species, Eomerope eonearctica and Eomerope asiatica.
Mattershift, a NYC-based startup, has achieved a breakthrough in making carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes at large scale to produce carbon-zero fuels from CO2 removed from the air. The technology has been validated through tests confirming its performance and is set to be used in seawater desalination processes.
A recent study found that hydropower in the Mekong River Basin has median greenhouse gas emissions of 26 kg CO2e/MWh, comparable to other renewable energy sources. However, nearly 20% of hydropower reservoirs have higher emissions than fossil fuels, and social and environmental impacts must be evaluated case-by-case.
A nearly complete skeleton of a 250-65 million year old chick fossil provides insight into the bone development and evolutionary diversification of birds. The study suggests that early bird developmental strategies may have been more diverse than previously thought, with some species relying heavily on parental care.
The study highlights the importance of considering access to wood fuels when formulating policies to deal with food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa. Researchers suggest expanding sustainable biomass production and consumption, including agroforestry practices to ease the burden on women, who collect most firewood.
A new study describes a 5.5-million-year-old fossil turtle species from eastern Tennessee, revealing important differences between this species and others. The discovery provides insight into the evolution of turtles, suggesting that many ancient slider species died out without leaving direct descendants.
Scientists have developed CONTISOL, a solar reactor that can run day and night using concentrated solar power. The reactor uses air as the heat transfer medium and achieves stable temperatures round the clock.
New research reveals that plants originated 100 million years earlier than previously believed, with ancient plant fossils now estimated to be around 320 million years old. This discovery challenges existing models of atmospheric change and highlights the critical role of early plant life in shaping Earth's climate.
The Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center aims to design advanced biofuels, such as isobutanol, that can replace gasoline without engine modification. The center is also developing new methods to extract valuable products from plant biomass, including gamma valerolactone and aromatics.
New research reveals that removing fossil fuel subsidies will only slightly slow the growth of CO2 emissions, with smaller effects in developing economies. The largest emissions savings would come from oil and gas exporting countries, but removal could have a detrimental impact on poor households, who may struggle to afford modern fuels.
Paleontologists from University of Alberta discover new species of fish in Colombia with the aid of a curious tourist who spotted a fossil shape in flagstones. The fossil, 90 million years old, is the first 'lizard fish' from Cretaceous period found in tropical South America.
The study found that cleaner shipping fuels will result in a significant reduction of childhood asthma cases, with an estimated 14 million annual cases related to global ship pollution using current fuels. The new IMO rule will decrease the allowable amount of sulphur in fuel oil from 35,000 ppm to 5,000 ppm.
Global experts argue that solar-driven water splitting can become the technology of choice for producing hydrogen, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. However, significant research efforts are needed to industrialize this process and make it suitable for the 21st century and beyond.
The study reveals that flowering plants diversified suddenly in the Cretaceous period, while molecular-clock dating suggests an older origin. The discrepancy is attributed to false precision on both palaeontological and molecular evolutionary timescales.
A new computer model developed by EPFL scientist Edgard Gnansounou can quantify the emissions of each product coming out of biorefineries, providing a more accurate assessment of biofuels' environmental impact. This could help policymakers set clear incentives for biorefineries to become economically viable.
The discovery of the Misliya fossil suggests that Homo sapiens left Africa at least 50,000 years earlier than previously thought. The fossil, found in Israel, is between 175,000-200,000 years old and provides evidence of modern humans meeting and interacting with other archaic human groups.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that despite the Clean Heat Program, many buildings continued to burn residual diesel fuel oil, releasing high levels of particulate matter and linked health problems. The researchers recommend new incentives and a building energy rating system to encourage conversion.
Researchers at UCL and Tufts University developed a platinum-copper alloy catalyst that breaks carbon-hydrogen bonds in methane with reduced energy consumption. The new catalyst is resistant to coking, rendering it more effective than traditional materials.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a process to transform shale gas into products like methanol and gasoline while consuming carbon dioxide. The technology, known as chemical looping, uses metal oxide particles to burn fossil fuels without oxygen in the air.
Researchers have created an electrochemical generator that converts bituminous coal into electrical energy, producing only water and heat as byproducts. The technology has been proven effective in joint generation of electrical and heat energy, with the added benefit of a simpler configuration compared to existing coal power plants.
A 530-million-year-old trilobite fossil contains the earliest known example of an eye, with a primitive form of compound eyes similar to those in modern animals. The study suggests that compound eyes have changed little over 500 million years.
Scientists have filled in key clues on the evolution of animals transitioning to aquatic life using a newly discovered reptile fossil. The study suggests that Vadasaurus, an ancient creature with features well-suited for aquatic life, is linked to modern New Zealand species and ancient sea-dwelling vertebrates.
A reevaluation of the Haarlem specimen reveals it to be a predator anchiornithid rather than Archaeopteryx, shedding new light on the evolutionary transition from reptiles to birds. The fossil's taxonomic analysis suggests that modern birds are direct descendants of carnivorous dinosaurs.
New research suggests that plant respiration could be up to 30% higher than previously estimated, leading to reduced ability of the Earth's land surface to absorb fossil fuel-related emissions. This finding has significant implications for modeling carbon cycles and understanding the impact of climate change.
Researchers found plant respiration releases 30% more carbon dioxide than previously estimated, posing a significant threat to the Earth's ability to absorb fossil fuel emissions. The study's findings are based on comprehensive data from over 10,000 measurements and suggest that as temperatures rise, plant respiration will increase sig...
The report reveals that global CO2 emissions from all human activities reached 41 billion tonnes in 2017, following a projected rise in burning fossil fuels. This delay is attributed mainly to China's growing coal use, reversing previous decreases since 2013.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a new method for producing industrial-scale algal hydrogen, which could potentially replace fossil fuels. The innovative approach uses a linked Photosystem I-hydrogenase system to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production.
Researchers will analyze U.S. biorefinery supply chains from feedstock to alternative jet fuels, with a focus on Southeastern states. The project aims to accelerate the commercialization of renewable fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80%.
A nearly complete skeleton of a 76-million-year-old tyrannosaur was discovered in the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument. The fossil is believed to be an individual of the species Teratophoneus curriei, with a relatively short head and estimated length of 17-20 feet.
A new species of ichthyosaur, Protoichthyosaurus applebyi, has been identified from a fossil at the University of Nottingham. The specimen is significant due to its rarity and uniqueness, providing valuable insights into Britain's early fossil past and ichthyosaur evolution.
Researchers from the University of Liverpool have made a significant breakthrough in converting carbon dioxide and methane into liquid fuels and chemicals. The new process uses non-thermal plasma synthesis to achieve high selectivity at room temperature, producing valuable chemical feedstocks.