Articles tagged with Medical Histories
A cohort study found that smokers with negative baseline low-dose computed tomography findings had a significantly increased long-term lung cancer risk, becoming apparent only after two years of screening. This suggests supporting extended initial screening intervals and personalized long-term monitoring based on smoking history.
Severe COVID-19 and influenza infections can prime the lungs for cancer development, according to new research. Vaccination, however, largely prevents these changes, suggesting a reduced risk of lung cancer.
The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology is spotlighting new trials for colorectal cancer in March, focusing on early detection methods and treatments for treatment delays and loss of appetite. The trials aim to improve patient outcomes, with several enrolling patients with newly diagnosed colon or rectal cancer.
The use of next-generation sequencing in newborn screening can detect a wide range of genetic disorders, some of which are not currently testable through traditional means. This approach enables earlier disease detection and long-term health planning.
Researchers are presenting groundbreaking findings at the Association for Molecular Pathology's annual meeting, including a novel technique to study ancient DNA and rapid detection of serious fungal pathogens. The Association for Molecular Pathology is providing press materials and resources for media coverage.
A new report from Northwestern University offers six practical strategies to improve the doctor-patient bedside encounter in an era dominated by AI. By employing these strategies, clinicians can strengthen patient-physician relationships, combat inequities, and reduce burnout, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes.
Researchers find a fourteenth-century Arabic poem misinterpreted as factual account of plague's movement, influenced myths of its quick spread across Asia. The study highlights the importance of maqāmas in understanding how communities coped with catastrophic events like the Black Death.
Researchers extracted DNA from Napoleon soldiers' teeth and identified Salmonella enterica and Borrelia recurrentis as causes of enteric fever and relapsing fever. The discovery sheds new light on the factors contributing to the army's downfall.
Cigarette smoking prevalence is expected to decrease in the US by 2035, primarily among young adults in historically high-prevalence states. This trend is likely to slow health consequences, particularly for older adults.
A cohort study found that women with screen-detected estrogen receptor–positive or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative breast cancer who underwent prior screening had an earlier stage of diagnosis and lower breast cancer mortality compared to those who did not undergo prior screening.
The University of Texas at Arlington has launched a new Mobile Simulation Lab to tackle workforce and training challenges in rural areas. The lab, equipped with advanced patient manikins and simulation bays, will provide specialized training for local healthcare providers to expand their expertise.
Researchers used large language models to analyze healthcare records of over 1,000 children with suspected autism, finding that current criteria prioritize socialization skills and not enough on interests and natural behaviors. The study suggests revising the criteria to focus more on repetitive behaviors and special interests.
CHEST MedCast offers over 400 videos and podcasts with personalized content recommendations, available on-demand and at any time from any device. The platform features an algorithm-based recommendation engine and up to 100 available CME credits/MOC points.
Researchers at the University of Zurich found that Swiss women had more children at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic due to better work-life balance and reduced economic uncertainty. However, birth rates have since fallen back, with young people being cautious about having children during the pandemic.
CerTracker LLC, a digital credential management platform, aims to streamline compliance and onboarding for healthcare professionals. The company will use the $10,000 grant to reduce administrative burdens and improve workforce efficiency in healthcare settings.
A representative study of adults experiencing homelessness in California found a high proportion of current drug use and unmet need for treatment. Improving access to treatment tailored to their needs could improve outcomes.
Researchers have discovered evidence that plague may have been involved in epidemics a century before the Black Death, challenging previous assumptions about the disease's arrival in Western Eurasia. The study uses historical sources and genetic analysis to propose a new timeline for the plague's emergence.
Researchers examined 16th-century written sources to understand climate change in Transylvania. The study found that hot weather was recorded more frequently than cold weather, with extreme events like floods and famines occurring due to climate variations.
A groundbreaking study analyzed data from over 78,000 cancer patients to identify nearly 800 genetic changes impacting survival outcomes. The research also discovered genes significantly associated with survival in various cancers, such as breast, ovarian, skin, and gastrointestinal cancers.
A groundbreaking study by University of Missouri researchers shows that embedded counseling services in veterinary programs lead to significant reductions in psychological distress among veterinary trainees. The study also highlights the critical role of mental health support in high-stress professional education, with implications for...
A cross-sectional study found that underrepresented in medicine internal medicine residents remained underrepresented compared to their program's county populations. The findings highlight the need for racial and ethnic diversity policies to address the continuing disparity among graduate medical education physicians.
Primary care physicians report significant knowledge gaps and training deficiencies in addressing adoption-related issues. They often rely on guidance for preventative screening and genetic testing, highlighting the need to improve their understanding of mental health and trauma.
A recent study highlights the need for targeted interventions to improve COVID-19 vaccine confidence among Black women in the US. Addressing historical traumas and providing clear safety information are crucial to building trust with this demographic.
A new study combines science and history to uncover new insights into Greco-Roman medical practices. Researchers recreated Galen's 2nd-century CE dissections, clarifying discrepancies in the text and shedding light on the enduring influence of ancient medicine on modern thought.
A 500-year-old latrine from Bruges, Belgium has yielded evidence of intestinal parasites, shedding light on the spread of diseases through medieval travel and trade. The discovery provides key insights into human migration and disease transmission in the past.
A study by Florida Atlantic University found that virtual reality training increased empathy and sympathy towards individuals with mental health conditions in police officers. The training, which simulated realistic scenarios, allowed officers to practice handling complex civilian interactions with greater emotional connection.
The 2024 Guidelines for First Aid provide critical updates on recognizing and responding to mild, moderate, and life-threatening emergencies. The guidelines offer enhanced guidance on managing opioid overdoses, bleeding, and other conditions, as well as improved recommendations for emergency care involving children.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that using Chat GPT Plus does not significantly improve the accuracy of doctors' diagnoses, but it outperformed conventional methods in certain cases. The researchers suggest that physicians need more training and experience with AI to capitalize on its potential.
A new study finds that access to safe, legal abortion is associated with higher college graduation rates, better financial stability, and lower poverty levels among women. Women who had an abortion were more likely to experience economic mobility compared to those who became teen parents.
A new study from Tulane University finds that historical race-based lending practices are still impacting health today, linking discriminatory policies to 15% longer delays in achieving viral suppression of HIV. This delay can impact individual health outcomes and public health efforts to curb the spread of HIV.
The American Heart Association has awarded $75,000 to local entrepreneurs to develop innovative solutions addressing health inequities in their communities. The EmPOWERED to Serve Business Accelerator program supports social entrepreneurs and organizations focused on improving health outcomes.
Researchers are using historical, qualitative, and statistical methods to investigate the needs of over 70 million people in the US who self-identify as having a disability. The study aims to measure specific dimensions of structural ableism and create ways to address its impact on healthcare disparities.
Researchers at Barrow Neurological Institute collected and displayed Vesalius' anatomical manikins for the first time, showcasing their enduring influence on modern anatomic teaching. The display highlights the significance of these works in revolutionizing anatomical education and training.
Researchers found that AI doctors who recall patients' social information, with privacy control offered, increase patient satisfaction. Human doctors don't require social or medical information to establish a close relationship with patients.
A new study provides a clear definition of late-life homelessness, which is shaped by age-based structures, social relations, and intersecting forms of oppression. The researchers argue that policy makers and professionals need a comprehensive understanding of this issue to effectively address it.
Researchers develop a novel edge-highlighting visualization technique to improve the clarity of complex 3D structures, revealing sharp edges and intricate details. The technique, tested on real 3D point cloud data, offers interactive rendering speeds and enhances depth perception.
A new methodology has been introduced that significantly enhances the accuracy of epidemiological estimates for infectious diseases like COVID-19. The approach adopts a history-dependent framework, eliminating biases in traditional models and allowing for more precise predictions of disease spread.
A cross-sectional study in California finds that legacies of redlining contribute to increased severe maternal morbidity, highlighting the need for place-based interventions. The study suggests that addressing structural drivers of adverse pregnancy outcomes and racial inequities is crucial.
After three decades, perioperative mortality rates for living kidney donors have decreased substantially, from fewer than 1 event per 10,000 donations in the past decade to even lower numbers. Donor demographics, such as male donors and those with a history of hypertension, are identified as high-risk groups.
A WVU researcher argues that more validation is needed for the increasing number of gallbladder surgeries performed for biliary dyskinesia, a functional gallbladder disorder. The researcher suggests that a combination of factors must come together to diagnose and select patients who would benefit from surgery.
Researchers at Soochow University introduced coherence entropy as a global characterization of light fields subjected to random fluctuations. Coherence entropy remains stable during the propagation of light through complex media, making it a robust indicator of light field behavior in non-ideal conditions.
Researchers highlight DDX41's distinct contribution to myeloid neoplasms with germline predisposition. The discovery sheds light on unique pathogenesis and disease phenotype associated with DDX41 variants.
A new study by UC San Francisco's ANSIRH program found that patients who received care remotely for medication abortion had similar outcomes to those who got ultrasounds and in-person care. The researchers analyzed the experiences of over 500 patients and found a high success rate for the
A survey of nearly 340,000 texts spanning 79 years shows that generic terms in mental health have shifted towards "mental illness," with "psychiatric" and "mental health" becoming more common. The study suggests further research is needed to understand how language affects people experiencing mental ill health.
Aggregating patients by broad racial or ethnic groups creates risks for clinical care and research. Recognizing the heterogeneity of lived experiences among LHS populations in healthcare is essential for equitable outcomes.
A cohort study found that individuals with a first colonoscopy with negative findings for colorectal cancer may benefit from longer screening intervals, potentially up to 15 years. This could lead to fewer unnecessary invasive examinations and improved patient outcomes.
Austrian researchers report a breakthrough mpox infection in a fully vaccinated man who received two doses of the Jynneos vaccine. The case highlights the potential durability of protective immunity after complete vaccination and emphasizes the importance of clinical suspicion in high-risk groups.
A nationwide study finds that individuals diagnosed with colon cancer who resided in previously redlined neighborhoods are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced-stage disease and have worse survival rates. The research highlights the long-lasting impact of institutional racism on access to quality cancer care.
A new approach to incorporating diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) and antiracist concepts into undergraduate medical education is presented. The approach involves three phases: framework development, curriculum content development, and implementation with ongoing evaluation and refinement.
A study of 2,349 participants aged over 60 found that sex influences the association between various factors and age-related hearing loss. Low weight was linked to increased risk in males, while both low weight and obesity were associated with higher risks in females. Smoking was only linked to increased risk in males, while early mens...
A randomized clinical trial of 31,000 individuals found that direct-mail human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling increased cervical cancer screening by more than 14%. The study suggests that systems implementing HPV self-sampling should prioritize direct-mail outreach for under-screened individuals to increase screening adherence.
A new report from The Lancet Commission highlights the importance of understanding medicine's role under Nazism to strengthen medical education and ethics. The study aims to empower health professionals to face moral and ethical dilemmas, stand up to power, and protect vulnerable populations.
Weight gain in females with a family history of mood disorders begins before the onset of mood disorders, highlighting the need for childhood interventions. Early interventions can prevent adverse mental and physical outcomes in this vulnerable group.
Historian Dr Philippa Carter argues that jobs like food preparation, childcare, and dairy production left women exposed to witchcraft accusations. These occupations, often performed by women, were perceived as a threat to social order, increasing the likelihood of suspicion and accusation.
A population genetics team identified genetic relationship between 23andMe users and enslaved Africans in Catoctin Furnace, Maryland. The researchers consider ethics of sharing results with descendants and other relatives, highlighting importance of proper consent and minimizing harm.
The study used electronic health record data from over 200,000 children to describe patterns of pediatric allergies across the US, validating the 'allergic march' pattern. It also found that eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is more common among non-White patients than previously reported.
A new study published in Circulation journal found that Black adults living in areas historically affected by discriminatory housing practices had a higher heart failure risk. The analysis included over 2.3 million adults from 2014-2019 and mapped historical redlining maps onto modern day maps of US zip codes.
Using MRI instead of CT with CTA alone in patients presenting to the ED with dizziness was associated with greater critical neuroimaging results and more frequent echocardiography. Patients with dizziness undergoing MRI showed a lower frequency of 90-day ED readmissions compared to those discharged after CT with CTA alone.
A new AI tool utilizing deep-learning algorithms and volumetric thresholds accurately detected splenomegaly in patients undergoing CT scans. The study analyzed a large sample of 8,901 patients, revealing that splenic volume is strongly associated with weight.
Researchers detected Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest form of malaria, in mummified tissues from Medici family members. The parasite was identified through microscopic and molecular analyses, revealing characteristic ring-shaped structures and Maurer's clefts.