Articles tagged with Metastasis
Two new UH CPRIT grants will accelerate lung cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Researchers aim to develop new mRNA-based immunotherapies and a next-generation blood test for precise lung cancer detection.
Researchers identify key mechanisms and molecular targets to prevent tumor progression in patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, a rare soft tissue cancer affecting young children. Two new treatment possibilities have been highlighted, targeting the IRE1α-XBP1 signaling axis and protein TAK1.
A pilot study of the Participant Engagement Portal (PEP) tool shows that 84% of participants had a positive experience, with high usability and satisfaction rates. PEP facilitates two-way communication between patients and clinicians, allowing for self-reporting of social risk factors and future research opportunities.
Researchers discover that breast cancer cells exploit protective systems in bone marrow to remain dormant, using Notch2 signaling and genes like CXCR4 and TIE2. This dormancy allows cells to reactivate years later, leading to secondary tumors.
A multicenter clinical trial found that implanting collagen tiles during brain surgery improved tumor control and lowered the risk of recurrence by 12.1% compared to current standard of care. Patients treated with tile-based radiation therapy (TBRT) had a median overall survival of 42.5 months, more than double the 17.6 months seen wit...
Research identifies HMGB3 as a critical driver of malignancy in ESCC, enhancing cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. TGIF2-mediated HMGB3 overexpression drives the oncogenic cascade through the TLR3/TGF-β axis, promoting tumor progression and metastasis.
Researchers found that increasing ADAR2 expression in osteosarcoma cells forces them to differentiate, slowing growth and invasive capacity. The treated cells began producing mineralized matrix, a hallmark of mature bone tissue. In mice, ADAR2-restored tumors were smaller and less invasive.
The Alliance A082402 study evaluates the effectiveness of involved-station I²-PORT in reducing NSCLC recurrence without long-term side effects. Participants will undergo randomized treatment with or without targeted radiation therapy after surgery.
Researchers found that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) improved progression-free survival by 15.6 months, compared to 20.6 months without targeted therapy. The treatment also showed no significant impact on quality-of-life measures.
Researchers have identified a hidden mechanism explaining why breast cancer can return years after successful treatment. Slow-growing breast cancer cells can form microscopic tumours that silently tick away in distant organs, evading detection for decades.
The ERASur clinical trial is investigating whether total ablative therapy can improve overall survival in patients with newly diagnosed, limited metastatic colorectal cancer. The study has reached one-third patient accrual milestone, signaling strong momentum.
A team of researchers has developed a 'tumor-on-a-chip' system designed to recreate the complex environment surrounding pancreatic tumors. The system, which combines patient-derived organoids with microfluidic technology, closely mimics the behavior of human pancreatic tumors and demonstrates potential for studying immune responses.
A new paradigm shift in cancer research defines valid primary study endpoints for oligometastatic disease, focusing on treatment-free time and minimal side effects. The consensus paper establishes two new metrics: STFS (Start or Switch of Systemic Therapy–Free Survival) and pPFS (polymetastatic Progression–Free Survival), which capture...
A new targeted therapy has shown strong results in preclinical studies against aggressive childhood and adult cancers, eliminating tumours and stopping cancer spread. The therapy targets the IL1RAP protein, which is found on cancer cells but largely absent from normal tissues, allowing for precise delivery of treatment.
Researchers have identified the Prrx1 gene as a key regulator of metastatic potential in breast cancer tumors. This discovery helps explain why highly invasive cells do not always give rise to metastases, and how cells combine invasiveness and proliferation to become the most dangerous from a clinical perspective.
A new study has identified the WWOX protein as a molecular guardian that prevents common skin tumors from undergoing a dangerous metamorphosis and spreading to other parts of the body. The loss of this protein allows cancer cells to transform into more aggressive, invasive forms.
A research team has identified signalling molecules called Netrins and the corresponding receptor Frazzled/Deleted in Colorectal Cancer that control when individual cells separate from the tumour and migrate. These mechanisms can enable cancer cells to colonize new tissue, a major factor in metastasis.
Researchers at VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center developed a targeted therapy that effectively prevents prostate tumors from spreading to the bone. The small molecule inhibitor IVMT-Rx-4 blocks the function of MDA-9/Syntenin, preventing tumor growth and improving survival in models with bone metastasis.
Researchers found that targeting MD2 could reduce tumor growth in a mouse model of prostate cancer bone metastasis. High MD2 expression was associated with metastasis, immune suppression, and increased resistance to PARP inhibitor therapy.
A study by UC San Diego researchers reveals TYK2's role in preventing cancer spread and highlights need for enhanced screening in patients treated with TYK2 inhibitors. Understanding mechanotransduction can provide new avenues for treatment and improve breast cancer outcomes.
Researchers found that the three-drug combination increased autophagosome formation and autophagic flux in uveal melanoma cells, killing them via enhanced autophagy. The study suggests a potential therapeutic approach for treating metastatic uveal melanoma, particularly in liver-targeted disease.
A new platform called ATLAS enables researchers to generate large quantities of cancer cell clusters that accurately model metastasis. Using ATLAS, the Rice team gained insights into the mechanisms that enable cancer clusters to survive in the bloodstream during the metastatic process.
A study found that tumor DNA in patients' blood can predict whether breast cancer will return, especially after neoadjuvant treatment. Patients with detectable DNA at the end of treatment were 3.5 times more likely to relapse during follow-up.
A recent study has revealed that brain tumors use a protein called MIF to reprogram immune cells, such as macrophages and microglia, to drive tumor growth. The researchers have identified a drug, ibudilast, which can block this process, slowing metastasis in animal models and fresh patient samples.
Researchers found that dual-positive cells, a type of circulating tumor cell, are associated with shorter survival times and increased risk of metastasis in patients with advanced breast cancer. The study highlights the potential importance of these under-studied cells in breast cancer progression.
Patients with type 2 diabetes and brain metastases who used GLP-1 receptor agonists showed a significant reduction in all-cause mortality. The use of these medications was associated with reduced neuroinflammation, preservation of the blood-brain barrier, and lowered oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have identified a protein, ATF4, linked to increased metastasis and recurrence in lung cancer. The study reveals that older individuals' tumors are smaller and grow more slowly, yet more likely to have spread when detected.
Ochsner MD Anderson Cancer Center will be the first in the southern US to offer biology-guided radiotherapy (BgRT), a breakthrough treatment that uses cancer biology to guide radiotherapy delivery. This new therapy aims to provide more focused and accurate treatment with fewer side effects for patients.
The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology is spotlighting new trials for colorectal cancer in March, focusing on early detection methods and treatments for treatment delays and loss of appetite. The trials aim to improve patient outcomes, with several enrolling patients with newly diagnosed colon or rectal cancer.
Researchers developed CAR macrophages that crossed the blood-brain barrier, recognizing and destroying cancer cells and releasing signals to harm nearby tumors. The treatment showed significant reductions in brain tumor progression and increased survival in preclinical models.
Researchers identify UBR5 as a critical tumor suppressor that modulates Snail's stability, facilitating metastasis. UBR5 maintains epithelial phenotype by targeting Snail for degradation, while its deficiency promotes Snail stabilization and metastatic cascade.
Researchers developed a molecular monitoring approach to identify patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who can safely preserve their bladder without compromising cancer outcomes. The study found that ultra-sensitive testing of tumor-derived DNA in blood and urine may help predict metastatic risk and identify patients with an ex...
Researchers are developing a new compound that can break down MDM2, a cancer-driving protein often found in triple-negative breast cancer, showing promise in shrinking tumors. The goal is to create an entirely new class of therapies for this aggressive and difficult-to-treat form of the disease.
A study reveals that senescence plays a paradoxical role in postpartum breast cancer, promoting tumor formation while also aiding tissue repair. Targeting senescent cells during mammary gland involution could potentially reduce the risk of this form of cancer.
A major study has shown that tumour stage at diagnosis is strongly linked to childhood cancer survival across six different cancers. Researchers analysed data from 9,883 children in 27 countries and found significant variation in three-year survival rates between regions, particularly in the UK and Ireland.
A research team at Tohoku University has made a groundbreaking discovery about the anatomy of lymph nodes, revealing new structures that challenge traditional ideas about immune system function. The findings have significant implications for understanding and treating conditions like lymphedema and cancer.
In a mouse study, researchers successfully used RNA micelles to shrink metastasized tumors in lungs by delivering chemotherapy drugs and an RNA molecule that blocks cancer survival. The treatment significantly reduced tumor growth and improved outcomes for mice with colorectal cancer lung metastasis.
The PATINA trial demonstrates a significant progression-free survival benefit with palbociclib in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer. The study showed a median progression-free survival of 44.3 months, compared to 29.1 months in the control arm.
Researchers identified a targetable driver of brain metastases in inflammatory breast cancer, promoting tumor invasion and triggering brain inflammation via the CXCR2 signaling pathway. Targeting sEcad or the CXCR2 pathway may treat or prevent brain metastasis.
A new AI-powered model predicts patient survival and risk stratification for spinal metastasis, allowing for more informed treatment decisions. The model achieved high predictive accuracy using large-scale clinical data from Japanese patients.
Research reveals that chemotherapy alters the gut microbiota, producing indole-3-propionic acid, which travels to the bone marrow and rewires immune cell production. This leads to a metastasis-refractory state in preclinical models and improved survival outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells lower their surface tension to evade immune detection, making them harder to attack. By understanding this process, scientists hope to develop new treatments to prevent metastasis and eliminate dormant cancer cells.
A new nanodrug called Nano-273 could offer improved survival for patients with pancreatic and lung cancers by activating the immune system and blocking tumor growth. The drug, developed by University of Houston researcher Wei Gao, has shown promising results in early studies.
Researchers found that ovarian cancer transforms the omentum into an environment that favors tumor spread. The study analyzed tissue samples from 15 patients and created a cell atlas of the omentum in diseased and healthy states.
A new study from Texas A&M University reveals that circadian disruptions change the structure of mammary glands, weaken immune defenses, and fuel aggressive breast cancer. Disabling an immune checkpoint molecule called LILRB4 helps restore the immune system's ability to fight back.
A blood test may help doctors identify which patients with colon cancer can benefit from anti-inflammatory medication and chemotherapy after surgery. The test measures circulating tumor DNA levels, and high-risk patients who test positive see improved survival rates when taking celecoxib with chemotherapy.
A prospective multicenter trial validated an improved method for predicting treatment benefits in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer with bone metastases. Metabolic change assessed by FDG-PET/CT accurately predicted progression-free survival as early as 12 weeks after treatment initiation.
Researchers have developed an AI-driven method to uncover genetic interactions driving cancer progression. The approach highlights complex interplay between genes allowing malignant cells to gain momentum and reveals previously hidden cancer drivers.
A new AI-based method can differentiate between tumour progression and radiation necrosis with high accuracy, enabling more accurate identification and treatment of late-stage cancer patients. This discovery could lead to better treatments for brain metastasis patients treated with stereotactic radiosurgery.
Scientists at Penn Vet have identified two genes, Ctnna1 and Bcl2l13, that suppress metastasis in preclinical models of colorectal cancer. These findings could lead to better treatments and therapies for patients with metastatic disease.
Researchers discovered breast cancer modifies lymphatic vessels to facilitate its spread. A specific protein, Matrix Gla protein (MPG), enables cancer cells to bind to lymphatic vessels, supporting metastasis. Understanding this process could lead to targeted therapies and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers discovered that synthetic stress hormone dexamethasone can combat therapy-resistant breast cancer metastases in mice trials. The drug activates the glucocorticoid receptor, suppressing estrogen receptor production and slowing tumor growth. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings in patients with breast cancer.
Researchers at UC Riverside and City of Hope have developed a novel Pin1 degrading compound that suppresses pancreatic cancer peritoneal metastases. The treatment targets not only cancer cells but also tumor-supporting cells, potentially overcoming treatment resistance.
Researchers identified a cholesterol metabolite called hydroxycholesterol that suppresses the immune system's ability to attack cancer, leading to increased metastasis. The team discovered a line of communication used by immune cells and cancer cells that stimulates breast cancer progression.
Researchers studied MALAT1 levels in a woman with triple-negative breast cancer, finding high levels at diagnosis and decreased while receiving treatment. Notably, levels increased at a distant metastatic site, suggesting MALAT1's role in TNBC's spread. The study informs future treatments and potential clinical trials.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute found that aging accelerates pancreatic cancer progression, leading to faster tumor growth and metastasis. By understanding the impact of age on the tumor microenvironment, they developed a new approach to treating this disease in frail patients.
Biomechanical forces play a crucial role in regulating cancer invasion and metastasis by modulating cell membrane topology, actin cytoskeletal remodeling, and mechanical stress adaptation. The review highlights the importance of three-dimensional tumor models and novel therapies targeting mechanical signaling pathways to inhibit invasion.
Researchers at Arizona State University discovered that SerpinB3 plays a natural role in the body's wound-healing process, helping skin recover after damage. The protein helps activate keratinocytes to rebuild tissue and improve skin strength.
Researchers at OHSU develop a promising drug SU212 to treat intractable cases of triple-negative breast cancer. The molecule binds to and degrades the enzyme enolase 1, suppressing tumor growth and metastasis in humanized mouse models.