Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers emphasize the importance of regular screenings and treatment to prevent vision loss in patients with diabetes. Current guidelines recommend eye exams for adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, while adolescents and young adults are at higher risk due to difficulty controlling their condition.
A new study analyzing health records from 2012 to 2022 found significant differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander populations. The research suggests that regular monitoring of risk factors may help prevent cardiovascular disease among these groups.
A large-scale Korea University study investigates the link between early menopause and type 2 diabetes risk among postmenopausal women in South Korea. The research reveals that premature menopause is associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, emphasizing the critical role of hormonal changes in metabolic health.
A new study published in Nutrients found that eating two cups of mango daily can help lower insulin concentration levels and improve insulin sensitivity in overweight or obese adults. The study, conducted at the Illinois Institute of Technology, showed significant reductions in insulin resistance and improved beta-cell function.
A new study shows that anti-obesity drugs, including GLP-1 agonists, are safe and effective in treating type 2 diabetes in kidney transplant recipients. The medications were found to reduce the risk of organ failure and death, but also increase the risk of diabetic retinopathy.
Researchers have discovered a novel approach to protecting insulin-producing beta cells from glucolipotoxicity, a condition linked to type 2 diabetes progression. The findings could lead to promising treatments targeting beta cell dysfunction, potentially slowing or preventing disease progression.
A dynamic signaling network plays a crucial role in regulating insulin action in human muscle cells. The study reveals previously unknown mechanisms that could be used to treat type 2 diabetes, including the stimulation of specific enzymes and protein kinases.
Research identifies six clusters of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with varying pathophysiology and clinical outcomes. These clusters may enable personalized risk prognosis and treatment through lifestyle modification programs and targeted therapies.
A new study reveals a one-hour glucose tolerance test outperforms the traditional two-hour test in predicting future risk of diabetes, potentially transforming clinical practice. The test captures peak blood sugar levels, identifying an elevated risk of developing diabetes.
A recent study found that a brief consumption of highly processed foods can alter the brain's sensitivity to insulin in healthy individuals, potentially leading to obesity and type 2 diabetes. This effect was observed even after returning to a balanced diet for one week.
A new study discovered rare gene variants in Asian Indian people that increase the risk of Type 2 diabetes, providing a window into targeted treatment. The findings suggest that these variants can be used to create personalized medications that target specific proteins or pathways.
Researchers at the University of Exeter developed an innovative way to identify the most effective glucose-lowering drugs for people with type 2 diabetes. The tool predicts which drug will lead to the largest reduction in blood glucose levels, paving the way for better health for millions.
A deep learning model, CGMformer, leverages large-scale continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data to extract individual glucose dynamics. The model captures a continuous picture of glucose fluctuations, identifying patterns that may indicate early metabolic dysfunction.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus found that primary care providers trained on advanced insulin technology or through telehealth can deliver similar positive results to specialists. The study focuses on Type 1 diabetes and highlights the potential for broader access to cutting-edge care.
A study found that GLP-1RAs may have a modest effect on depression risk compared to DPP4is, but not SGLT-2is in older adults with diabetes. Researchers used Medicare claims data from 2013 to 2020 and found slightly higher HgbA1c levels in MA beneficiaries, suggesting possible differences in disease management.
A study published in JAMA Ophthalmology found a modest increase in the risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy among individuals with type 2 diabetes associated with semaglutide use. The findings suggest that further investigation is needed into the clinical implications of this association.
A new study highlights the importance of distinguishing between domains of physical activity. Researchers found that engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity during leisure time reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes, while occupational physical activity has no similar benefits. The study's findings suggest that current WHO phys...
A new medication approved to treat type 2 diabetes and kidney disease also significantly reduces the risk of heart attacks and strokes among these patients. Sotagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor, blocks proteins that help control blood sugar levels and has been shown to reduce cardiovascular events by 23%.
A recent study reveals that intermittent fasting can impair beta-cell function and maturation in young mice, potentially leading to diabetes. Researchers found that adolescent mice showed a decline in insulin production after prolonged fasting, with defective beta cells resembling those of type 1 diabetes patients.
A study by University of Gothenburg researchers found that consuming sulforaphane from broccoli sprouts improved blood sugar levels in people with prediabetes. The compound had a significant effect on fasting blood sugar levels, particularly in those with certain pathophysiological and microbiome characteristics.
Researchers at the University of Sydney recommend adopting a primarily plant-centric fibre-rich diet to enhance overall health and longevity. The plan involves incorporating more plant-based meals into one's diet, starting with two days a week and increasing to five days as recommended by Professor Luigi Fontana.
Researchers identified 14 proteins and 2 metabolites associated with prediabetes progression to diabetes, including DCXR and GSTA3. Inflammation and immune system pathways also play a key role in glucose homeostasis.
A new study published in JSCAI reveals a lower risk of cardiovascular events for people with Type 1 diabetes, compared to those with Type 2 diabetes. The research highlights the importance of distinguishing between the two types of diabetes and developing targeted treatment strategies.
Macrophages may help prevent peripheral neuropathy by slowing its onset and reducing damage. Researchers discovered that these immune cells produce chemokines to recruit other macrophages, which protect against sensory axon loss.
Researchers discovered that PanK4 plays a crucial role in regulating glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscles. The protein is activated by physical exercise and has potential as a target for treating metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
A large study found that telemedicine and training apps had minimal positive effects on patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease. The study suggests that direct care from medical professionals remains crucial for improving health outcomes in this population.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and GLP-1RAs show reduced risk of moderate/severe COPD exacerbations compared to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors. This finding may inform glucose-lowering medication prescribing for patients with type 2 diabetes and active COPD.
Researchers found that damaged mitochondria send signals to the nucleus, changing cell fate and causing β-cells to become immature and stop producing insulin. Damage was also observed in human pancreatic islet cells, suggesting potential for treatment using a drug called ISRIB.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that young adults with Type 2 diabetes and low income have a significantly higher mortality risk compared to those with high income. The research team analyzed over 600,000 patients and found that patients under 40 with low income had a 2.88 times higher mortality risk.
Early-onset type 2 diabetes incidence and disability-adjusted life years increased sharply in China from 1990 to 2021, primarily driven by high body mass index and ambient pollution. Targeted interventions are needed for males and younger age groups.
A new study from the University of Portsmouth found that drinking ketone esters improves cardiac efficiency and reduces cardiovascular risk in people with type 2 diabetes. The researchers discovered that the supplement induces ketosis, allowing the heart to use ketones as an alternative energy source.
A new study led by UCL researchers has found that the GLP-1 drug exenatide has no positive impact on movement, symptoms, or brain imaging in people with Parkinson's disease. The trial involved 194 participants and ran for 96 weeks, with no benefits shown in any of these areas.
A systematic review and network meta-analysis of 601 trials revealed that SGLT2 inhibitors were more cardioprotective in older adults, while GLP-1 receptor agonists offered greater benefits to younger patients. These findings suggest personalized treatment approaches for type 2 diabetes based on age and sex.
A cohort study found that patients without type 2 diabetes had higher discontinuation rates and lower reinitiation rates of GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy. Inequities in access and adherence to effective treatments exacerbate disparities in obesity.
A pooled data analysis of 132 studies involving 52,501 participants found that 45% of people with type 2 diabetes have a micronutrient deficiency. Vitamin D was the most common deficiency, affecting 60.5% of those with the condition.
The American Heart Association's 2025 statistics report shows an increase of over 10,000 cardiovascular disease-related deaths in the US, with a slight decrease in age-adjusted death rates. Rising kidney disease, hypertension, and obesity are contributing to these trends.
Researchers found that new habits can begin forming within about two months, but can take up to 335 days to establish. The study also identified factors that influence successful habit formation, including frequency, timing, and enjoyment.
A trial published by The BMJ found that combining dapagliflozin with moderate calorie restriction led to higher rates of diabetes remission compared to calorie restriction alone. This study provides a practical strategy for achieving remission in patients with early type 2 diabetes.
A large population-based analysis found that genetic variants in the GLP1R gene are associated with cardiometabolic traits and behavioral changes, such as risk-taking behavior and anxiety. These findings suggest that any observed behavioral changes with GLP1RA medications are unlikely to be a direct result of the medication.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that childhood obesity treatment can reduce the risk of serious health problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia in young adults. However, it did not have a lasting impact on depression and anxiety, which remained unchanged regardless of treatment outcomes.
A recent study found that effective pediatric obesity treatment is associated with lower incidences of mortality in young adulthood. The treatment was also linked to reduced long-term morbidity, such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.
A study identified unique microbiome signatures associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), allowing for precise diagnoses and new therapeutic approaches. These signatures predict bacterial metabolites and are linked to the development of NAFLD, providing insights into disease mechanisms.
A study published in Nature Metabolism found that four percent of Greenland's Inuit population has a gene variant that increases their risk of type 2 diabetes by tenfold. Exercise has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity in these individuals, suggesting it may be an effective way to reduce their risk of developing the disease.
A study found that intestinal bacterium Bacteroides vulgatus and its metabolite pantothenic acid regulate sugar preference by activating the GLP-1-FGF21 hormone axis, providing a promising strategy for diabetes prevention.
The Lancet Commission on Clinical Obesity proposes a new model for diagnosing clinical obesity based on objective measures of illness at the individual level. The proposal aims to settle the ongoing dispute around the idea of obesity as a disease, providing a medically coherent framework for diagnosis.
A new study identifies three molecular clusters in women who develop type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes, pointing to potential precision-medicine approaches. The clusters are driven by pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, or a combination of both.
A new study identifies molecular mechanisms of the progression from gestational diabetes to type 2 diabetes, finding reduced levels of sphingolipids in blood and a mutation in gene CERS2 linked to risk. The discovery could lead to new therapies and interventions to reduce the risk of this progression.
Researchers found that carrots can enhance the body's ability to regulate blood sugar and positively influence the composition of gut bacteria. The study used mice with type 2 diabetes and found improved glucose tolerance after consuming carrot powder.
A large international study of GLP1-RA users and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) found no evidence that GLP1-RA use is associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer. The study, published in the Thyroid journal, analyzed data from 92,497 GLP1-RA users and 2,484,408 DPP-4i users.
A new AI-based algorithm can parse three of the four most common Type 2 diabetes subtypes using data from continuous blood glucose monitors. The technology could help individuals take preventative measures by identifying prediabetes warning signs and adjusting dietary or exercise habits accordingly.
Researchers from Kumamoto University identified SerpinA1 as a key regulator in combating obesity and enhancing glucose metabolism. The study found that activating brown adipose tissue could pave the way for innovative treatments for diabetes and metabolic disorders.
A new study from Tufts University estimates that sugary drinks contribute to 2.2 million new type 2 diabetes cases and 1.2 million new cardiovascular disease cases annually worldwide. Regular consumption leads to weight gain, insulin resistance, and metabolic issues tied to these diseases.
A recent study has uncovered the crucial role of enzyme G6PC2 in regulating blood sugar levels by controlling glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells. Genetic variations in G6PC2 impact its expression in alpha cells, and inhibiting this enzyme may provide a new therapeutic strategy for type 2 diabetes.
Participants in the National Diabetes Prevention Program saved approximately $5,000 in medical costs over two years due to reduced hospitalizations, outpatient visits, and emergency room visits. Additionally, they showed a lower probability of developing diabetes compared to non-participants.
A recent study by the University of Helsinki found that placentas from fresh embryo transfers are smaller on average compared to those from frozen embryo transfers. The researchers also identified altered gene function and DNA methylation in ART-conceived children, particularly in relation to metabolism and growth.
A recent study from the University of Missouri found that peripheral chemoreceptors are overactive in adults with type 2 diabetes, leading to increased cardiovascular risk. While high doses of oxygen reduced chemoreceptor activity, it did not improve glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity.
A new Northwestern Medicine study reveals how metformin lowers glucose levels by targeting mitochondrial complex I in cells. The drug also improves COVID outcomes and reduces inflammation, suggesting that mitochondrial complex I inhibition may be a unifying mechanism behind its diverse effects.
A new study found significant disparities in the use of obesity-management medications among different racial and ethnic groups. People of Asian, Black, and Hispanic descent were significantly less likely to use these medications compared to whites, even after adjusting for income, education, health insurance coverage, and clinical need.
The five-year national research study will examine the effectiveness of medically tailored meals in reducing gestational diabetes and Type 2 diabetes prevalence among pregnant and postpartum women from historically marginalized communities. Nearly 1,000 participants will be assessed for maternal health outcomes.
Scientists explore low glycemic index (Low GI) rice varieties to counter the growing diabetes epidemic in Asia, with potential health benefits and economic opportunities for farmers. Developing Low GI milled rice can reduce blood sugar spikes and support better glycemic control.