Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
Researchers have discovered a key marker, FXYD2, that identifies functional maturity and heterogeneity of stem cell-derived islet organoids. This breakthrough enables quality control for production of transplantable islets, advancing the field toward safer and more effective islet replacement therapies.
Researchers developed a new approach to identify healed diabetic foot ulcers at risk of reopening based on trans-epidermal water loss measurements. High TEWL values were linked to increased wound recurrence and shorter time to recurrence, suggesting functional skin barrier defects are a critical factor in wound healing.
A NIH-funded study has identified trans-epidermal water loss as a reliable predictor of diabetic foot ulcer recurrence. Participants with high TEWL were 2.7 times more likely to experience wound recurrence, highlighting the importance of skin barrier function in wound healing.
Researchers have uncovered unique molecular fingerprints for insulin sensitivity, challenging traditional binary classification of people with type 2 diabetes. These signatures can help identify individuals at risk earlier than current methods, paving the way for personalized treatments and precision medicine.
Sustained midlife weight loss was associated with lower chronic disease incidence and decreased all-cause mortality. The study's findings suggest that maintaining a healthy weight during middle age can have long-term health benefits.
Researchers found that an inexpensive HIV drug can improve vision in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) more effectively and at a lower cost than existing treatments. The drug, lamivudine, is taken orally and may represent a game-changing option for millions of patients worldwide.
Scientists have created a vascularized organoid model of hormone-secreting cells in the pancreas, promising to improve diabetes research and cell-based therapies. The model, developed by Max Delbrück Center researchers, contains greater numbers of mature beta cells and secretes more insulin than non-vascularized counterparts.
A new protocol has been developed to establish a safer standard for medication use during breastfeeding. The study focuses on the concentration of prednisolone and metformin in breast milk and infant plasma, addressing a significant knowledge gap in human lactation studies.
A study found that children exposed to higher levels of air pollution experienced rapid weight gain and higher BMI by age 13, leading to increased insulin resistance in their mid-20s. The study suggests early interventions can help reduce the risk of chronic disease.
The American Heart Association has awarded nearly $1.2 million in planning grants to 12 researchers testing the efficacy of food is medicine interventions, such as produce prescriptions and medically tailored groceries. The grants support clinical trial protocols to develop and test these approaches for treating chronic diseases like c...
A new USC-led study found a significant link between type 2 diabetes and cortical thickness in older adults from various populations. The researchers discovered that individuals with T2DM exhibited thinner cortex, particularly in temporal and parietal regions critical for memory and cognitive function.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation finds that excessive activity in certain brain neurons is responsible for elevated blood sugar in diabetic mice. Targeting these neurons may lead to diabetes remission, but not necessarily obesity reversal.
A new study has discovered a link between delayed puberty and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in boys. According to the research, adolescent boys who experience delayed puberty are 37% more likely to develop type 2 diabetes in early adulthood, regardless of their weight or socio-economic status.
Researchers identified six risk groups for cardiometabolic complications in older people without type 2 diabetes, with a special high-risk group characterized by inflammation and insulin resistance. The study emphasizes the need for precise early detection and prevention strategies.
Researchers at Pennington Biomedical found that mitochondrial fragmentation can bypass defects in mitophagy to sustain skeletal muscle quality control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes. This adaptation helps maintain mitochondrial function despite impaired mitophagy.
New findings from multiple studies demonstrate the significant benefit of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on cardiovascular outcomes like heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, and peripheral artery disease. GLP-1RA use has been associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
A new MRI technique measures a person's 'functional age' of their heart, revealing how unhealthy lifestyles add years to their heart's aging process. This method has the potential to transform heart disease diagnosis and offer a lifeline to millions by catching problems early.
A recent study published in Diabetes Care found that persistently high blood sugar and insulin resistance significantly increased the risk of worsening functional and structural heart damage during adolescence to young adulthood. The study showed a five-fold increase in prediabetes prevalence among adolescents, with females being dispr...
A combination of bazedoxifene and conjugated estrogens reduces obesity-related changes in rats, including fat cell accumulation and insulin resistance. The treatment also increases beneficial gut microbes and improves metabolic health, making it a promising alternative to tamoxifen for women at high breast cancer risk.
A study published in JAMA found that metformin reduced knee arthritis pain over six months in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and overweight or obesity. The treatment was shown to have a moderate effect on pain reduction, with the metformin group reporting a 31.3 point decrease compared to the placebo group.
A Kobe University team developed a DNA base editing technology that enables precise control over microorganism genetic content without using template DNA from other organisms. They successfully applied this technique to industrially important Lactobacillus strains, creating safer probiotics for people with type 2 diabetes.
A study published in JAMA Neurology found that GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is may have neuroprotective effects for people with Type 2 diabetes and those without diabetes. These findings suggest that these medications may slow the rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s patients.
A new American Heart Association scientific statement emphasizes the importance of multidimensional sleep health in reducing cardiometabolic risks. The statement reviews evidence on the relationship between sleep and various health factors, including body fat, blood sugar, cholesterol, and blood pressure.
The research aims to bridge the translational gap between animal and human studies, exploring how obesity impacts decision-making around food. The team will measure brain chemical activity while participants consume sugary drinks and complete emotion-related tasks.
Researchers used ULM to monitor pancreatic microvasculature in a rat model, tracking microbubble trajectories and quantifying vascular parameters. Anti-cytokine immunotherapy showed significant improvements in vascular structure and function, suggesting its potential to restore β-cell function.
A new study analyzed health data of over 100,000 adults and found that two food additive mixtures were associated with a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes. The mixtures contained emulsifiers, sweeteners, and colourings commonly found in ultra-processed foods.
A French cohort study of over 100,000 adults found that mixtures of common food additives, including aspartame and carrageenan, were associated with a slightly increased risk of type II diabetes. The study suggests that these additives may have adverse effects on glucose metabolism.
A large-scale epidemiological study found that higher muscle strength is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, even in individuals with high genetic susceptibility. The study highlights the importance of maintaining or improving muscle strength as a key strategy for preventing T2D.
A recent study found that parental metabolic traits, particularly those of the mother, can significantly affect a child's cardiometabolic health. The research showed that mothers have a greater impact on blood sugar and cholesterol levels in their children, while fathers' genes play a stronger role in insulin function over time.
Research reveals that GLP-1RAs and SGLT2i medications significantly reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in people with type 2 diabetes. No significant difference was found between these two treatments.
A Texas A&M University study found that online diabetes self-management programs significantly reduced hemoglobin A1c levels in participants with Type 2 diabetes, regardless of intervention type or delivery mode. The interventions showed long-lasting benefits, particularly for older adults and those with better baseline health.
A new paper highlights emerging alternatives to traditional diabetes medicines, such as continuous glucose monitors and lifestyle interventions like GEM, which can improve patient adherence and long-term health outcomes.
Researchers Schmidt and Selvin will explore the connections between cardiovascular disease and diabetes, with a focus on large white blood cells and wearable continuous glucose monitors. Their work aims to develop new treatment therapies and improve health outcomes for people with diabetes.
A study found that semaglutide significantly improved maximal walking distance in people with symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) and Type 2 diabetes. Patients taking semaglutide also experienced improvements in symptoms and quality of life compared to those on a placebo.
A new clinical trial found that oral semaglutide can significantly reduce cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes and pre-existing cardiovascular disease. The medication decreased the risk of major cardiac events by 14% compared to placebo, with nonfatal myocardial infarction seeing the greatest reductions in risk.
A study by Medical University of Vienna reveals high blood pressure can cause abnormalities in podocytes, specialized cells in the renal filter, before other conditions like diabetes. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent kidney damage.
A new study found that smartwatches paired with a health app can encourage people with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes to maintain a home-delivered, personalised exercise programme. This programme showed improvements in blood sugar levels, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, and quality of life.
A new study found that smartwatches paired with a health app can encourage people with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes to start and maintain purposeful exercise, leading to improvements in blood sugar levels and systolic blood pressure. The programme also helped participants lower cholesterol and improve their quality of life.
A new study by UNLV researchers finds that diabetes weakens the anterior cingulate cortex, suppressing reward perception and memory signals, leading to mild cognitive impairment. The connection between high blood sugar levels and Alzheimer's disease may be linked to altered hippocampal theta synchrony.
Research in mice suggests that antibiotics during infancy can stunt insulin-producing cell growth and boost diabetes risk. Specific microorganisms, such as Candida dubliniensis, may help promote pancreatic cell development and improve metabolic function.
A rat study found that type 2 diabetes can suppress the activity of the anterior cingulate cortex, a region critical for cognition and emotions. This weakening affects reward signals and leads to altered behavior, highlighting a potential link between T2D and psychiatric disorders.
Chronic kidney disease rates increased by 24% globally from 1990 to 2021, linked to higher cardiovascular disease risk. Collaborative care and screening for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome can reduce mortality and improve patient lives.
The Dexcom G7 CGM device demonstrated an accuracy of 8.0% in a study involving 130 adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, setting a new standard for continuous glucose monitoring devices.
A new study found that new-onset type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of certain obesity-related cancers, such as bowel and pancreatic cancer. The study analyzed data from the UK Biobank and found a 48% increased risk in men and a 24% increased risk in women for overall obesity-related cancers.
A new study reveals a cell atlas of the endometrium in women with PCOS, showing distinct differences in cellular composition and gene expression. The findings suggest that targeting specific cell types may lead to better treatment options for women with PCOS and related reproductive issues.
The Endocrine Society calls for the reinstatement of the Diabetes Prevention Program, which has been halted by government funding cuts. The program, spanning three decades, found that lifestyle changes or metformin could prevent or delay type 2 diabetes in at-risk individuals, with a notable 58% risk reduction through 5%-7% weight loss.
A new study found that poor sleep health is associated with a higher risk of developing Type 2 diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes. Women who slept six hours or fewer per night had a 32% higher risk compared to those who met the recommended seven to eight hours of sleep.
A USC study found proteins and pathways involved in inflammation are associated with changes in bone mineral density (BMD) over time. The research identified potential biomarkers that could serve as early indicators of a person's risk for bone health issues later in life.
Researchers emphasize the importance of regular screenings and treatment to prevent vision loss in patients with diabetes. Current guidelines recommend eye exams for adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, while adolescents and young adults are at higher risk due to difficulty controlling their condition.
A new study found that limiting TV viewing to one hour or less daily may help offset an increased risk of heart and blood vessel diseases for people with a genetic risk for Type 2 diabetes. This suggests that reducing TV watching could serve as a key behavioral target for preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases linked to Typ...
A new study analyzing health records from 2012 to 2022 found significant differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander populations. The research suggests that regular monitoring of risk factors may help prevent cardiovascular disease among these groups.
A new study shows that anti-obesity drugs, including GLP-1 agonists, are safe and effective in treating type 2 diabetes in kidney transplant recipients. The medications were found to reduce the risk of organ failure and death, but also increase the risk of diabetic retinopathy.
A large-scale Korea University study investigates the link between early menopause and type 2 diabetes risk among postmenopausal women in South Korea. The research reveals that premature menopause is associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, emphasizing the critical role of hormonal changes in metabolic health.
A new study published in Nutrients found that eating two cups of mango daily can help lower insulin concentration levels and improve insulin sensitivity in overweight or obese adults. The study, conducted at the Illinois Institute of Technology, showed significant reductions in insulin resistance and improved beta-cell function.
A dynamic signaling network plays a crucial role in regulating insulin action in human muscle cells. The study reveals previously unknown mechanisms that could be used to treat type 2 diabetes, including the stimulation of specific enzymes and protein kinases.
Research identifies six clusters of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with varying pathophysiology and clinical outcomes. These clusters may enable personalized risk prognosis and treatment through lifestyle modification programs and targeted therapies.
Researchers have discovered a novel approach to protecting insulin-producing beta cells from glucolipotoxicity, a condition linked to type 2 diabetes progression. The findings could lead to promising treatments targeting beta cell dysfunction, potentially slowing or preventing disease progression.
A new study reveals a one-hour glucose tolerance test outperforms the traditional two-hour test in predicting future risk of diabetes, potentially transforming clinical practice. The test captures peak blood sugar levels, identifying an elevated risk of developing diabetes.
A recent study found that a brief consumption of highly processed foods can alter the brain's sensitivity to insulin in healthy individuals, potentially leading to obesity and type 2 diabetes. This effect was observed even after returning to a balanced diet for one week.
A new study discovered rare gene variants in Asian Indian people that increase the risk of Type 2 diabetes, providing a window into targeted treatment. The findings suggest that these variants can be used to create personalized medications that target specific proteins or pathways.