Articles tagged with Hemoglobin
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Researchers found that bean plants and other species evolved a predisposition for the symbiosis at least three times, supporting a long-standing theory. This biological trick allows plants to access atmospheric nitrogen, boosting crop yields.
A UCLA research team led by Dr. Donald Kohn has developed a one-time stem cell gene therapy treatment for alpha thalassemia major that could be curative. The therapy involves adding the missing alpha-globin gene to patient cells using a viral vector, enabling them to produce functional hemoglobin.
A new study from North Carolina State University has confirmed the presence of hemoglobin in bone extracts from two dinosaurs, Brachylophosaurus canadensis and Tyrannosaurus rex. The researchers used Resonance Raman (RR) imaging to detect heme bound to globin proteins and heme bound to goethite, a mineral associated with iron oxidization.
Research in Brazil found that glycemic delta, a measure of blood sugar variability, is associated with the size of the heart attack and the strength of heart contractions. The study suggests that high glycemic delta may be a biomarker for worse outcomes in patients who have experienced their first acute myocardial infarction.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can detect ALS up to a decade before symptoms appear, offering new avenues for early diagnosis and potential treatment. The test has been shown to be highly accurate, detecting changes in blood proteins indicative of the disease.
Researchers have reimagined hemoglobin as an antioxidant protein in the brain, where it breaks down harmful reactive oxygen species. A new compound, KDS12025, selectively enhances this natural defense mechanism to protect against ALS, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and autoimmune disorders.
Researchers have found a promising new method for gene therapy by bringing dormant genes closer to enhancer switches on the DNA. This 'delete-to-recruit' strategy has potential for treating genetic diseases such as sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia, offering an alternative to expensive current treatments.
Researchers developed a new method that uses simple grayscale eye photos to predict anemia in children. The technique analyzes patterns and textures in the conjunctiva of the eye, avoiding problems caused by different light conditions or camera models.
Researchers at Penn State are developing a next-generation synthetic blood substitute called Nano-RBC, which mimics the shape and movement of human red blood cells. The new blood substitute aims to address the shortage of safe blood sources quickly enough for trauma patients, with potential applications in rural or war-torn areas.
Researchers have identified a potential new gene target, FLT1, that could be edited to treat sickle cell disease by increasing fetal hemoglobin levels. The study found 14 new genetic markers associated with fetal hemoglobin production, which could help preserve the type of hemoglobin present at birth.
A new method of biometric authentication has been developed using hyperspectral imaging and AI to identify individuals through the unique patterns in their blood vessels on the palm of their hand. The technology shows great promise for secure personal identification and could potentially be used as a key to unlock homes.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes developed a drug called HypoxyStat that mimics the effects of breathing low oxygen, extending lifespan by over three times in mice with Leigh Syndrome. The drug reversed brain damage, muscle weakness, and other symptoms of the disease, even when given late in life.
A systematic review and network meta-analysis of 601 trials revealed that SGLT2 inhibitors were more cardioprotective in older adults, while GLP-1 receptor agonists offered greater benefits to younger patients. These findings suggest personalized treatment approaches for type 2 diabetes based on age and sex.
Researchers found that time in safe blood-sugar range can predict diabetes complications as accurately as hemoglobin A1c levels. The study used advanced machine learning techniques to analyze landmark diabetes data from the DCCT trial.
Branden Baptiste, 20, becomes the world's first patient to receive base editing gene therapy for sickle cell disease. The treatment has left him feeling 'more than fine' with no symptoms of the disease. After undergoing chemotherapy and a series of tests, Branden was infused with genetically treated cells in December 2023, allowing his...
HemaChrome's machine learning-based technology enables instant and noninvasive measurement of blood hemoglobin levels from digital photos, facilitating point-of-care diagnostic tests. The collaboration with Global Health Labs aims to address anemia diagnosis gaps in low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers developed a screening technique to filter out low-quality data in wearable sensors, improving the performance of smartwatches for noninvasive blood glucose estimation. The approach enhances accuracy by discarding data with high phase errors and approximating missing values.
The study found that individuals with higher melanin levels experience decreased signal quality and lower oxygen saturation readings. To enhance reliability, researchers advocate for incorporating melanin level measurements and using specific wavelengths less absorbed by melanin.
A recent study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that over 80% of women are iron deficient by the third trimester of pregnancy. Despite being considered a high-resource setting, the study revealed alarming rates of iron deficiency among healthy pregnant women. This finding emphasizes the importance of routin...
A Mount Sinai study links prediabetes among young people with a higher likelihood of gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. The findings highlight the need for clear clinical guidance on screening and counseling youth with elevated blood glucose levels.
Maintaining stable hemoglobin A1c levels in individualized target ranges may lower Alzheimer disease and related dementias risk. Lower HbA1c time in range could identify patients at increased risk of these conditions.
Researchers discovered a new small molecule, SR-18292, that increases fetal hemoglobin production and reduces sickled red blood cells in mice with sickle cell disease. The study suggests that combining SR-18292 with hydroxyurea could provide a vital new treatment option for patients who don't respond well to traditional treatments.
A recent study published in BMJ Military Health found that female conscripts' iron deficiency more than doubled from 25% to 55% after five months of basic military training. The study also showed a significant decrease in ferritin levels, which can lead to anemia and fatigue.
A team of researchers has made a breakthrough discovery about the mysterious condition known as 'happy hypoxia,' which affects some COVID-19 patients despite critically low blood-oxygen saturation. Elevated hemoglobin levels in certain patients' blood may play a key role in enabling the respiratory system to sustain low oxygen levels w...
A team at the University of Cordoba has developed a biocompatible battery that uses hemoglobin as an electrochemical reaction facilitator, functioning for around 20-30 days. The battery boasts advantages such as sustainability and operation in body pH, but requires further improvement to be rechargeable.
Researchers found that cytoglobin, a protein similar to hemoglobin, plays a vital role in the correct left-right pattern of the heart and other asymmetric organs. The study's findings could lead to new therapeutic interventions for rare birth defects affecting cilia function.
Researchers developed a method to measure microvascular changes in the skin using AI and optoacoustic imaging technology, enabling non-invasive assessment of diabetes severity. The study identified 32 significant changes in blood vessels, which can be used to monitor disease progression.
Researchers used NIRS to track oxygenated hemoglobin levels in infant brains responding to gentle touch. They found similar response times across age groups, but varying signal amplitudes that may be linked to changes in blood flow and erythropoietin production.
A recent study published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology has revealed that hemoglobin is present in the epidermis, the outermost layer of our skin. This discovery adds a new facet to understanding the skin's defense mechanisms against aging and cancer.
A randomized controlled trial suggests that a more liberal approach to red blood cell transfusions for heart attack patients with anemia may benefit outcomes without significant risk. The study found no statistically significant difference between two transfusion strategies, but results suggest a possible benefit of liberal transfusions.
A study found that physicians who presented treatments for obesity as good news and an opportunity were more successful in helping patients lose weight. Patients who received counseling with a positive and optimistic tone had significantly higher weight loss outcomes compared to those who received neutral or negative advice.
Red blood cell transfusions were common in ICU patients globally, with overlapping reasons for use despite differing clinical contexts. The three most common triggers for transfusion (hypotension, tachycardia, hemodynamic instability) were largely consistent across regions.
The new guidelines recommend a more restrictive approach to determine optimal treatment for patients who may not need red blood cell transfusions. The panel took into account the clinical context, co-morbidities, symptoms, and signs of each patient to ensure personalized care.
A large-scale thalassemia screening project involving 136,312 individuals revealed a high prevalence of thalassemia in Ganzhou, with 14.545% carriers identified. Next-generation sequencing techniques outperformed conventional methods in identifying novel and rare mutations.
Researchers use base editing technology to restart fetal hemoglobin expression in SCD patient cells, achieving higher and more stable levels than other genome editing technologies. The approach has potential as a 'one-size-fits-all' treatment for all mutations that cause SCD and beta-thalassemia.
A new study reveals that nearly 40% of teen girls and young women have low iron levels, with higher rates among Black, Latina, low-income, or low-BMI individuals. The study recommends considering routine screening for iron levels in adolescents and young women to prevent life-limiting symptoms associated with iron-deficiency anemia.
Among US females ages 12-21, iron deficiency affected nearly 40%, while iron deficiency anemia occurred in approximately 6%. Menstruation was a significant risk factor for both conditions, with over one-quarter of premenarchal girls experiencing iron deficiency.
A post-hoc analysis of the ASPREE trial found that low-dose aspirin was associated with a 20% increased incidence of anemia and decline in ferritin levels in healthy older adults. The study recommends periodic monitoring of hemoglobin for patients taking aspirin.
A team of researchers is exploring the potential of HDAC inhibitors to treat sickle cell disease by reactivating the fetal hemoglobin gene. Early evidence suggests that panobinostat, a specific inhibitor, can increase fetal hemoglobin levels in red blood cells and mouse models.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is associated with an increase in hospital procedures for heart failure patients, including stress tests and prothrombin time tests. This suggests that high PM2.5 exposure may lead to increased cardiovascular morbidity and promp...
A new study by Ohio State University researchers has made significant strides in ensuring the safe and effective transfusion of artificial blood substitutes. The key to improved safety lies in the size of the artificial blood molecule, with larger sizes reducing cardiovascular side effects.
A new 'enhanced primary care' model has been found to be effective in reducing blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c levels among patients with severe mental illness. The study, conducted at UNC WakeBrook, showed significant improvements in screening for people with severe mental illness compared to usual primary care.
A study from George Mason University found elevated insulin and hemoglobin A1C levels in early elementary-aged Latino youth with obesity, a risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. The research aims to identify at-risk children and implement interventions earlier to mitigate the effects of childhood obesity.
The HALP score, a novel immune-nutritional marker, has been linked to prognostic ability in different cancer types. It integrates indicators of immune status and nutritional status, showing promise as a cost-effective biomarker.
Researchers at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center discovered that S-nitrosohemoglobin senses areas with insufficient oxygen and restores blood flow for oxygenation. This breakthrough opens up a new line of drug development to correct poor tissue oxygenation, including peripheral artery disease and sickle cell disease.
HemaChrome, a digital health startup, has won phase 1 of the National Institutes of Health's RADx Tech for Maternal Health Challenge. The company uses smartphone technology to noninvasively measure blood hemoglobin levels, making them accessible and affordable for nearly everyone.
A new study published in Journal of Diabetes Investigation found a significant link between self-stigma and suboptimal glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in adults with type 1 diabetes. The research highlights the importance of eliminating self-stigma in managing the condition.
Researchers have discovered that ancient crocodilian hemoglobin required 21 interconnected mutations to develop its hyper-efficient oxygen-binding properties. This complexity, not found in other vertebrates, enabled crocodilians to exploit their onboard oxygen stores for extended periods underwater.
Researchers developed a new epigenetic biomarker, GrimAge version 2, which leverages two DNAm-based estimators of plasma proteins to predict mortality risk. The study found that GrimAge 2 outperforms existing clinical biomarkers in predicting mortality across multiple racial/ethnic groups and associations with age-related conditions.
The device can monitor hemoglobin levels in deep tissues with high spatial resolution, providing critical information for timely interventions. It overcomes limitations of existing methods, such as MRI and X-ray-computed tomography, which are bulky and only provide immediate status information.
A study of 510 children with chronic kidney disease found that declining hemoglobin levels were associated with significant growth impairment even when above guideline-targeted levels. Lower hemoglobin values are linked to poorer growth, independent of kidney function and age.
A 6-month randomized clinical trial found that a low-carbohydrate diet intervention resulted in larger reductions in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels compared to usual diet among adults with elevated untreated HbA1c. The study suggests that this dietary approach may be useful for preventing and treating type 2 diabetes.
A novel algorithm uses near-infrared spectroscopy to estimate intracranial pressure (ICP) based on hemoglobin levels. The research validates the accuracy of this method using invasive ICP data.
Researchers found a direct connection between low oxygen conditions and increased fetal hemoglobin production in adults. A drug that activates the cellular response to low oxygen could potentially treat sickle cell disease by promoting HbF production, which has therapeutic benefits.
Researchers found that federal rental assistance programs are associated with lower HbA1c levels among middle-age and older adults. The study assessed nearly 40,000 participants across the US, revealing a significant correlation between program participation and improved blood sugar control.
A nationwide study in Sweden found that receiving red blood cells from female donors does not increase the risk of death in transfused patients. The study controlled for lower haemoglobin levels in women's blood and found no difference in survival rates between male and female donors.
A new sensor technology allows for real-time monitoring of lactate levels in the brain, providing insights into energy metabolism and potential applications in cancer detection. The sensors corrected for hemodynamic artifacts using MRI-informed corrections enable accurate cell-specific lactate level recordings.
Researchers at the University of California - Santa Cruz have made a breakthrough in developing an antidote for carbon monoxide poisoning. A novel treatment has been shown to rescue CO-poisoned red blood cells and rapidly clear the gas from the blood, offering new hope for victims.
Researchers found no evidence that gelada monkeys' hemoglobin provides increased oxygen-carrying capacity, but discovered other physiological adaptations that enable them to thrive at high altitudes. The study sheds light on the mechanisms behind human adaptation and potential treatments for diseases associated with high altitude.
Researchers at Osaka City University found that globin family members can suppress liver inflammation and fibrosis in mice. The proteins' antioxidant capacity was greater than glutathione and vitamin C, suggesting a potential therapy for liver fibrosis.