Articles tagged with Kidney
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Researchers discover GPX3 plays a central role in limiting inflammation, oxidative damage, and renal dysfunction following ischemic insult. Restoring GPX3 expression improves renal functional indices, reduces histopathological injury, and alleviates tubular epithelial cell death.
A new study offers hope that kidney transplant patients may one day have a more effective treatment regimen. The Phase 2 pilot study showed improved kidney functioning in all patients who completed the study, with no patients experiencing rejection due to antibodies produced by the immune system.
A UCLA-led team has discovered a novel mechanism of kidney stone formation involving bacteria, challenging the long-held assumption that stones develop solely through chemical and physical processes.
A recent study by King's College London found that diagnosis rates for depression, asthma, and osteoporosis remained lower than expected after the COVID-19 pandemic. The study analyzed data from over 29 million people in England and found that diagnosis rates recovered differently across ethnic and socioeconomic groups.
A comparative effectiveness study found that SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a lower risk of chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists. These findings suggest that SGLT2 inhibitor treatment may be an effective strategy for preventing kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers from Institute of Science Tokyo developed 'tubuloids' to capture the slow progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), replicating key features such as DNA damage, cellular senescence, inflammation, and fibrosis. This realistic platform provides a new way to develop and test treatments for millions globally.
A targeted treatment approach significantly reduces moderate and severe acute kidney injury after major surgery in high-risk patients identified by biomarkers. The study shows that a closely monitored set of clinical measures provides effective protection in the first hours after surgery.
A new study found that chronic kidney disease accelerates cognitive decline through interconnected damage to the heart and brain, with men experiencing greater impairment than women. The research also highlights the need for tailored strategies to prevent progression to neurological disorders.
A recent study published in Neurology found that people with impaired kidney function have higher levels of Alzheimer's biomarkers in their blood. However, the study did not find an increased risk of developing dementia among those with poor kidney health.
Researchers review current evidence on extracellular vesicles' interaction with renal tubular epithelial cells, showing protective effects against damaged tubular cells. However, challenges remain to overcome, such as biodistribution and targeting issues.
Researchers tracked 120 older veterans taking gabapentinoids and loop diuretics, finding that only 4 doctors correctly identified the gabapentinoids as the cause of leg swelling. The study highlights the dangers of 'prescribing cascades' and emphasizes the need for regular monitoring and alternative treatment options.
A study comparing GLP-1 RAs found that all three drugs are relatively safe options for patients with type 2 diabetes, with minimal differences in kidney and cardiovascular risks. Liraglutide had a lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to dulaglutide.
A new electronic medical records-based tool predicts which patients are most at risk of losing a transplanted kidney graft, allowing for timely interventions. The study achieved high predictive accuracy and can be implemented to streamline care of recipients.
Researchers at University of Utah Health have found that AKI is triggered by ceramides, which cause serious injury by damaging kidney mitochondria. Using a backup drug candidate, the team was able to preserve mitochondrial integrity and prevent kidney injury in mice.
A population-based cohort study found that the cumulative incidence of scrotal surgery among male living kidney donors was 1 in 8 after 20 years, compared to 1 in 143 for non-donors. Most males who donate a kidney won't develop this complication, but it's essential to inform past and future donors about the risk and potential symptoms.
This study developed and validated a risk prediction model for CRRT initiation in VV-ECMO patients, incorporating five key predictors. The final model demonstrated strong discrimination with an area under the curve of 0.88 (derivation) and 0.75 (external validation).
The study found clear absolute benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors on kidney, hospitalization, and mortality outcomes regardless of diabetes status and level of urine albumin to creatinine ratio. This benefit suggests a potential therapeutic approach for patients with kidney disease.
The study found CKD affects nearly 800 million worldwide, with diabetes and high blood pressure driving the greatest loss of healthy years. Access to kidney replacement therapies remains limited, highlighting the need for preventive measures and equitable care.
A conservative dialysis approach resulted in faster and more complete kidney function recovery in patients with acute kidney injury. The study's findings suggest that this strategy could be a viable option for treating dialysis-requiring AKI, warranting further investigation.
The study suggests that SGLT2 inhibitors can benefit patients with varying levels of kidney function and albuminuria. Routine use of these medications may lead to improved kidney outcomes across different patient groups.
A study published in JAMA finds that using different methods to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) can lead to significant discrepancies, particularly for those with chronic kidney disease. The findings suggest that cystatin C-based eGFR may be more accurate in predicting clinical outcomes.
The navigate-kidney study finds that community health workers enhance holistic, patient-centered care through improved patient engagement and emotional wellbeing. This integration into dialysis care teams may lead to better outcomes for patients with kidney failure.
Researchers developed a scalable method to produce human kidney organoids, combining them with pig kidneys outside the body for transplantation. The transplanted organs functioned normally and showed no signs of damage or toxicity.
Researchers analyzed blood samples from dogs in the Dog Aging Project and found that post-translationally modified amino acids are strongly linked to age, suggesting a promising indicator of physiological aging. The study also highlighted an important role of the kidney in the relationship between age and blood metabolites.
Researchers are building an AI-powered database of MRI and CT images to track disease progression and measure patient response to treatments. The database will provide a standardized toolkit for extracting precise imaging biomarkers, enhancing the accuracy of organ measurements and improving treatment choices.
The conference explores how generative AI is reshaping kidney medicine through AI-driven diagnostics, data integration, and omics analysis. Key findings include the use of LLMs to transform diagnostic precision, patient management, and research design.
This study found that GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is offer the greatest cardiovascular benefits for adults with type 2 diabetes. The magnitude of benefit depends on baseline age, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and kidney impairment.
A comparative effectiveness study found that liraglutide, semaglutide, and dulaglutide have similar risks for kidney and cardiovascular outcomes in veterans with type 2 diabetes. Head-to-head trials are needed to confirm these findings.
Researchers at UBC have successfully transplanted an enzyme-converted kidney into a brain-dead recipient, showing promise for universal donor organs in transplantation. The breakthrough uses special enzymes to remove blood-type antigens, making it possible to use mismatched organs from deceased donors.
Researchers found that higher SDMA levels, but not ADMA, correlated with weaker blood vessel function in patients with moderate chronic kidney disease. This suggests that measuring SDMA levels may provide a better approach to monitoring vascular function in these patients.
A higher cumulative cardiovascular health score in young adulthood is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and kidney events in midlife. The study emphasizes the importance of early life prevention efforts.
A binational study found nearly 6 in 10 US adults and 3 in 10 Japanese adults discontinued semaglutide within 12 months of treatment. Patients with established cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease had higher discontinuation rates, highlighting the need for alternative treatments.
A study published in Journal of Internal Medicine found that people with moderate to high levels of albumin in their urine have a higher risk of developing dementia. The researchers discovered an association between albuminuria and increased risk of dementia, independent of kidney function.
Researchers found genetic adaptations underlying survival in hot and dry environments, revealing how natural selection enabled the Turkana to thrive in extreme conditions. The study identified key genes, including STC1, that play vital roles in conserving water and protecting kidneys from waste.
Researchers at the Max Delbrück Center have successfully used base editing to correct mutations that cause autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in human and mouse cells. The technique shows promise in reducing liver cysts, a key symptom of the disease.
A USC Stem Cell-led team has successfully generated lab-grown kidney structures, or organoids, that exhibit kidney-like functions such as blood filtration and urine production. The 'assembloids' achieved maturity levels comparable to newborn mouse kidneys, paving the way for developing new therapies for patients awaiting transplant.
Researchers have discovered how lymphatic vessels, the 'plumbing system' of the kidney, undergo dramatic changes during chronic transplant rejection. The vessels become structurally disorganized and spread to unusual parts of the kidney, disrupting immune balance and fuelling inflammation.
A cohort study found GLP-1 RAs offer body mass index-dependent cardiovascular benefits and consistent kidney protection for type 2 diabetes patients. The study suggests BMI stratification is crucial for guiding treatment decisions.
A novel drug target, CD300a, has been identified to suppress immune cell activation and prevent chronic heart and kidney failure after acute tissue injury. The treatment preserves cardiac function and reduces renal fibrosis in mice with genetic deficiency of CD300a.
A retrospective cohort study found system-based disparities in pre-dialysis nephrology care contribute to 1/3 of incident vascular access disparities among Hispanics. Targeted policies are needed to improve timely identification and referrals for equitable improvements in kidney failure outcomes.
USC Stem Cell scientists have developed a blueprint for generating specific kidney cell types on demand, holding immense value for preclinical studies of new therapeutics and congenital kidney diseases. The team successfully created lab-grown proximal tubule cells that can absorb sugar and protein, respond to chemotherapy drugs, and pr...
A clinical trial led by Tohoku University has found that lubiprostone can prevent the decline of renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease. The study evaluated the effects of lubiprostone on kidney function and found that it improves mitochondrial function, which exerts a renoprotective effect.
Researchers successfully created functional ureter tissue from pluripotent stem cells, bringing them closer to developing transplantable kidneys that can produce and expel urine. The achievement is a significant step toward next-generation regenerative therapies.
Researchers used human stem cell-derived kidney organoids to test the safety of gene editing delivered by AAV, a common tool in clinical trials. The study found that AAV2 caused significant harm to kidney cells through the NFκB pathway, but an existing drug was able to prevent this damage without interfering with gene delivery.
Researchers at Penn Medicine and Wharton have developed AI tools, CellSpectra and SISKA, to analyze kidney disease at the cellular level, matching effective treatments. The tools offer clues to better treatments for kidney disease and beyond.
Researchers have identified biomarkers that can predict and manage chronic kidney disease (CKD), offering a more nuanced understanding of patient disease progression and mortality risk. A combination of biomarkers, including sTNFR1 and hs-cTnT, were found to be comparable in predicting kidney failure and all-cause mortality.
The interleukin family is involved in the development of acute kidney injury through inflammatory and fibrotic mechanisms. Protective ILs like IL-2, IL-10, and IL-37 mitigate injury, while pro-inflammatory ILs such as IL-1α and IL-18 exacerbate damage.
A new study found that two simple blood markers—eGFRdiff and GDF-15 levels—can independently predict kidney disease progression and mortality in people with diabetes. Patients with lower eGFRdiff values faced a higher risk of chronic kidney disease, while those with elevated GDF-15 levels were at increased risk of death.
The American Heart Association has launched a nationwide initiative to tackle cardiovascular disease, focusing on 15 regions across the US. The Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health Initiative aims to improve treatment of interconnected conditions leading to heart disease and stroke.
A new study identifies a biomarker that can detect kidney accumulation of uranium, a common contaminant in drinking water, potentially leading to chronic kidney disease. The research suggests a non-invasive way to monitor kidney health and prevent damage from low-level uranium exposure.
Researchers developed a serum proteomics-based prediction model to identify biomarkers involved in ADPKD progression. The study identified 29 proteins linked to immune system, fat transport, and metabolism, which can predict kidney function decline rate. This breakthrough could lead to more accurate and earlier diagnosis of ADPKD.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered a novel tool to help stratify rejection risk in kidney transplantation. They found that mismatching SIRP-alpha between donors and recipients contributes to worse rejection, scarring, and graft failure in humans, suggesting improved transplant outcomes.
A major international study found that deceased-donor kidney transplantation offers a consistent survival advantage with standard-criteria kidneys, but the benefit plateaus in older and high-risk recipients. The study used a robust target trial emulation framework to compare long-term survival between transplant patients and those on d...
Surgeons at Mount Sinai performed the world's first heart-liver-kidney triple organ transplants in New York State, with two patients making full recoveries after the surgeries. The procedures were led by Anelechi Anyanwu and Sander S. Florman and represent a significant milestone in complex organ transplantation.
A global study found that pentoxifylline has no mortality benefit in patients with severe alcohol-associated hepatitis and acute kidney injury. The study, which included 525 patients across 20 centers from eight countries, reaffirmed previous findings that cast doubt on the efficacy of pentoxifylline in alcoholic hepatitis.
Women are at high risk for cardiovascular disease, with nearly 45% living with some form of cardiovascular disease. Regular screening for kidney health is crucial due to its connection with high blood pressure and diabetes. Pregnancy complications and menopause can also impact heart and metabolic health.
A modified surgical face mask can detect chronic kidney disease by analyzing the wearer's breath, showing high sensitivity for CKD-related metabolites. The sensor accurately identifies patients with CKD 84% of the time and those without 88% of the time.
The FAVOR III China Trial showed that machine learning-based approach identify top 10 prognostic factors for predicting 2-year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after Quantitative Flow Ratio (QFR)-guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Patients with pre-random PCI strategy changed, Left Circumflex artery (LCX) lesion...
Researchers at TUM developed an AI-powered algorithm to predict kidney damage in prostate cancer patients undergoing lutetium-177 PSMA therapy. Early detection could enable personalized treatment adjustments to prevent organ damage.
Long COVID can result in significant health risks for young people, including chronic kidney disease, gastrointestinal symptoms, and cardiovascular conditions. Studies found that children with COVID-19 face elevated risks of developing these conditions, even years after the initial infection.