Articles tagged with Liver
This study found that intestinal depletion of TM6SF2 exacerbates high-fat diet-induced MASLD by altering the gut microbiota and liver lipid content. The absence of TM6SF2 also led to increased serum biomarkers associated with MASLD progression.
This study explored the immune dynamics across different phases of HBV infection, identifying key factors influencing T cell function and liver priming. The research team uncovered distinct types of intrahepatic T lymphocytes and dual roles of DC-SIGN+ macrophages in modulating immune responses.
Researchers found novel prognostic scores, such as MELD 3.0/GEMA-Na, exhibit superior discrimination and predictive ability for all-cause mortality up to two years in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. The study suggests these scores are essential for risk stratification and may improve patient outcomes.
Researchers identified five blood proteins that can predict liver disease up to 16 years before symptoms. The combined levels of these proteins achieved high accuracy in predicting disease onset and progression, suggesting potential for early diagnosis and treatment.
A new study from the University of Missouri suggests that exercise can improve brain health and mitigate cognitive decline, even when ketone production in the liver is impaired. The research found that endurance exercise can prevent cognitive impairment caused by compromised hepatic ketogenesis.
The study found that serum-derived hsa_circ_101555 showed excellent diagnostic accuracy in differentiating HCC patients from healthy controls. It also demonstrated a prognostic role in predicting tumor progression and response to therapy, with significant correlations with markers of liver inflammation and tumor features.
Researchers believe that post-treatment Lyme disease (PTLD) is caused by the body's response to remnants of the Borrelia burgdorferi cell wall, which persists in the liver. The unique structural properties of this peptidoglycan molecule promote its persistence and may lead to a stronger immune response in some individuals.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discovered a rare genetic variant that can directly cause metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. The MET gene malfunction leads to fat accumulation, inflammation, and scarring, potentially progressing to cirrhosis or liver cancer.
Researchers found that obesity causes a disruption in the liver's ability to adapt to starvation, specifically in the temporal coordination of molecules. This suggests that obesity makes the body more vulnerable to the negative effects of starvation, despite no significant structural disruptions in the molecular network.
Researchers investigated the therapeutic mechanisms of ursolic acid on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Ursolic acid was found to reduce inflammation by modulating estrogen conversion via HSD17B14, a crucial enzyme regulating estrogen balance.
A Phase 3 clinical study found that adding hydronidone to entecavir resulted in significant reversal of liver fibrosis. The trial aimed to identify the antifibrotic effect and safety of hydronidone for CHB patients with significant liver fibrosis.
This study found that inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 reduces liver ferroptosis and fibrosis by upregulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. COX-2 inhibition also restored antioxidant defenses in hepatocytes, reducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation.
The study found that mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of CD8+ T cells is a significant predictor of bacterial infection (BI) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in cirrhotic patients. Low MMP levels were associated with increased risk of BI and ACLF.
A team of experts at Cincinnati Children's reports achieving a milestone in growing human liver organoid tissue that faithfully reproduces key zones, nearly doubling rodent survival rate. This breakthrough paves the way for studying human liver biology and disease, accelerating drug development and potentially leading to repair tissues.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most prevalent form of liver cancer, and liver transplantation offers a curative treatment option for appropriately selected patients. Bridging therapies, such as radiofrequency ablation and transarterial chemoembolization, can improve survival outcomes post-transplant by preventing tumor progression.
A study published in Journal of Proteome Research reveals that inflammation and aging contribute to the development of non-viral liver cancer. Researchers analyzed gene expression and metabolites in normal and affected samples, identifying potential therapeutic targets for chemoprevention.
A multicenter retrospective study found that routine caudate lobe resection does not significantly improve long-term survival and recurrence for patients with HCCA. However, achieving a negative margin is crucial for improving prognosis.
Researchers compared surgical resection to immunotherapy in HCC patients with pulmonary metastasis, finding surgery provides better long-term prognosis and overall survival. Treatment allocation and hepatic tumor T stage are independent prognostic factors for overall survival.
A new study found that death rates from alcohol in England increased by a fifth in 2020, rising further between 2020 and 2022. The largest increases were among men, people from deprived areas, and those aged 50-69, mainly due to liver damage caused by alcohol.
Regional mesylate anticoagulation in centrifugation artificial liver support systems is safe for liver failure patients at risk of bleeding. Adjusting the mesylate dose based on pre-R and pre-MA enhances safety.
A new review suggests a strong association between gum disease and chronic liver conditions, including cirrhosis and metabolic dysfunction. The 'oral-gut-liver axis' theory proposes that pathogenic bacteria from the mouth can exacerbate liver inflammation and fibrosis through dysbiosis and increased gut permeability.
A new editorial in Oncotarget discusses how artificial intelligence can improve liver imaging by recognizing when it might be wrong. The approach, called 'uncertainty quantification,' helps clinicians better detect liver cancer and other diseases by pointing out areas in medical scans that need a second look.
A new class of zwitterionic phospholipids, DOPE-Cx, enhances the functional delivery of mRNA via lipid nanoparticles, overcoming endosomal escape and improving mRNA expression. This breakthrough paves the way for advanced therapeutic applications, including mRNA vaccines, cancer treatment, and protein replacement therapy.
Researchers propose GLDH as a more liver-specific biomarker for detecting liver injury, offering greater specificity than current ALT and AST tests. The test performed similarly to ALT for detecting liver injury but was not impacted by associated muscle injury.
Researchers discovered that PCSK9 and APOA4 are key regulators of TMAO-induced cholesterol metabolism, leading to gallstone formation. Targeting these genes may be a promising approach for preventing and treating cholelithiasis.
A comprehensive study found that people with fatty liver disease have almost twice the mortality rate of the general population. The disease is caused by overweight or obesity and increases the risk of dying from various causes, including liver disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and infections.
A recent Gut journal study defines Vasomics as a novel research discipline utilizing multimodal imaging techniques and computational pathology to analyze the pathophysiology of liver diseases. The study categorizes existing hepatic vascular phenotypes into five major types, providing new insights into potential therapeutic targets.
Direct-acting antivirals have reduced HCV-related morbidity and mortality, but hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk persists in certain populations. Risk factors include pre-treatment cirrhosis, metabolic disorders, and advanced fibrosis, highlighting the need for tailored surveillance strategies.
Researchers found that females developed ascites later and were more susceptible to carbon tetrachloride toxicity than males. The study highlights the need for gender parity in preclinical studies and suggests that sex hormones may play a protective role against disease progression.
A recent cohort study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that statin use was associated with a reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic decompensation in patients with chronic liver disease. This suggests that statins may play a role in preventing the progression of liver disease and reducing the risk of liver cancer.
A new study published in Liver International found that a mother's high-fat diet during pregnancy can lead to liver stress and changes in the fetus's bile acid levels. This may be a key factor in the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) later in life.
Researchers found that semisynthetic bile acid NorUDCA inhibits pro-inflammatory T helper 17 cells and promotes anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells in the intestine. This could lead to new therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.
Excessive alcohol consumption causes severe digestive problems, including liver damage, stomach disorders, and increased cancer risk. Chronic alcohol use can lead to conditions like cirrhosis, pancreatitis, and colorectal cancer.
Researchers at German Cancer Research Center found that hepatic stellate cells regulate liver metabolism, regeneration, and size. The study suggests new therapeutic approaches for liver diseases by targeting the positive functions of these cells.
The study highlights the role of the Nwd1 gene in liver disease and its potential as a therapeutic target. Mice with Nwd1 gene deletion exhibited liver pathologies mirroring MASH, including excessive lipid accumulation and increased ER stress.
Recent developments in fluorescent probes offer improved specificity and sensitivity for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Next-generation probes are being developed to enhance tissue penetration depth and probe specificity, potentially improving surgical outcomes.
Researchers developed a nanoparticle that delivers an mRNA vaccine targeting a KRAS antigen, boosting the immune response against pancreatic cancer. Experiments in mice showed inhibited and prevented tumor growth, as well as long-term protection against recurrence.
A new drug candidate has been developed to target and eliminate senescent cells in the liver, reducing fat buildup and preventing liver damage. The study demonstrates a safer and more effective approach to treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and potentially inhibiting liver cancer development.
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) exhibits a broad range of hepatoprotective mechanisms, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, which may benefit various types of drug-induced liver injury. In hepatocellular DILI, UDCA reduces inflammation, alleviates ER stress, and protects against mitochondrial damage. In ...
A nationwide study found that patients with alcoholic liver disease have a significantly higher risk of developing colorectal cancer. The study highlights the importance of comprehensive CRC screening and risk stratification based on new consensus-based definitions of liver disease.
The UMCG's perfusion technique has led to a record number of liver transplants in the Netherlands and is gaining international attention. With the protocol now open to every transplant center worldwide, more organs can be made suitable for transplantation, resulting in better patient outcomes.
A consensus statement by the Chinese College of Interventionalists promotes CBCT use in liver malignancy therapies, addressing limitations and challenges. The integration of artificial intelligence and technological innovations are expected to refine CBCT's efficacy and safety.
Researchers identified 19 metabolites and found that levels of certain compounds correlated with increased blood pressure, worse obstetric outcomes, and poorer end-organ function. The study expands scientific knowledge of preeclampsia and its mechanisms, paving the way for future therapeutic strategies.
A new classification system for SJS/TEN divides the disorder into five types based on causative factors and diagnostic algorithms. This typology aims to bring clarity to diagnosis and treatment by providing consistent criteria for identifying underlying causes.
A new study at the University of Gothenburg found that a software robot can detect side effects faster than physicians during amiodarone treatment for cardiac arrhythmia. The robot also recommends appropriate intervals between lab tests, aligning with standard practices and reducing unnecessary testing.
The Rice University lab, in collaboration with Baylor College of Medicine, has developed a new gene-editing strategy called Repair Drive that improves the effectiveness of gene therapies in the liver. The technique enables the repair of liver cells at higher rates and equips them with a selective advantage to outcompete incorrectly edi...
This study found that intermediate-term oral contraceptive use was associated with lower antioxidant levels and higher triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels. Regular monitoring of these parameters is recommended for OCP users to mitigate potential metabolic and hepatic effects.
A study by Keck Medicine of USC found that heavy drinkers with diabetes, high blood pressure, or a high waist circumference are more than twice as likely to develop advanced liver disease. The research highlights the importance of considering preexisting health issues when making decisions about alcohol consumption.
A new biodegradable polymer-based delivery system efficiently transports mRNA, outperforming existing lipid nanoparticles in delivery efficiency and expression duration. The study also shows improved immune response results without liver accumulation or toxicity.
Scientists at Tel Aviv University successfully transport mRNA-based drugs to the immune system of small and large intestines without passing through the liver. The breakthrough could enable treatments for inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's and colitis.
A new trial will test whether taking HMB can improve patients' physical function and quality of life. The BOOST study aims to recruit 124 patients with cirrhosis and measure its effects on liver disease, mental wellbeing, and physical function over 24 weeks.
New research reveals that lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) are crucial for liver repair, while Kupffer cells also adapt to take on a LAM-like phenotype. The Trem2 gene is essential for clearance of dying liver cells and promoting tissue repair.
Researchers reveal senescence's impact on liver health, from repair and regeneration to chronic disease progression. Emerging therapies, such as senolytic treatments, aim to selectively eliminate senescent cells while preserving healthy tissue.
A real-world multicenter study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of tenofovir amibufenamide in treating chronic hepatitis B. The study found that TMF was comparable to TDF in terms of treatment effectiveness, with improved renal safety and no impact on lipid levels.
A meta-analysis found a dose-dependent relationship between alcohol consumption and the risks of cirrhosis and HCC in HBV patients, with daily alcohol consumption exceeding 12g increasing risk by 6.2% and 11.5% respectively.
This study investigated the performance of plasma neurodegenerative biomarkers (NfL, GFAP, tau, and UCHL1) in diagnosing minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) and predicting overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) in Chinese patients with hepatic cirrhosis. The results showed that a combination of NfL, GFAP, tau, and UCHL1 was effective in d...
Researchers discover immune cells regulate blood sugar levels by stimulating glucagon production in the pancreas. This complex neuroimmune-hormonal circuit reveals a new way the body maintains stable glucose levels, especially during periods of low energy.
Researchers found that a lower CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio after 12-24 weeks significantly predicted HBsAg clearance in IHCs treated with peginterferon alpha. Higher baseline percentages of CD3+CD8+ cells and lower CD4+/CD8+ ratios were also associated with improved outcomes.
A study found that chlorcyclizine, a decades-old allergy medication, could potentially treat erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), a condition creating extreme skin light sensitivity and toxic liver buildup. Chlorcyclizine may work by helping the liver clear toxic porphyrin buildup and reducing inflammation.
Scientists at Salk Institute discovered that removing bile acid-creating protein BAAT and adding bile acid UDCA controls tumor growth in mice with liver cancer. UDCA supplements may be a quick solution to improving liver cancer patient outcomes.